Advanced Week 91

写在前面的话

“ScalersTalk口译进阶小组”的前身是“ScalersTalk交传小组”，该小组成立于2015年2月。现阶段，小组专注高级阶段的交替传译与同声传译训练，在巩固语言基本功的同时训练各类口译技能，从而为承担正式场合的口译打下坚实基础。

本周复盘说明

第91周训练重点为源语复述、汉英同传和英汉同传。小组成员利用该材料练习了同声传译和限时视译，并学习原文的词汇、表达和句型句式。设备建议：你需要电脑或手机播放音频、手机发送语音。本周也进行了CATTI二级口译教材及真题的每日晚间训练，训练目的在于通过多次反复有笔记听译、无笔记复述、对比原文学习地道的或更好的词、句型、表达方式来训练教材的内容。本日志整理的是第91周练习的源语复述。

第91周源语复述——知识点整理

段落一

“The eldest children in families tend to develop higher IQ than their siblings,” researchers are reporting today in a large study that could settle more than a half century of scientific debate about the relationship between IQ and birth order. ‘And the average difference in IQ was slight--three points higher in the eldest child than in their closest sibling--but significant,’ the researchers said. And they said the results made it clear that it was due to family dynamics, not to biological factors like prenatal environment.

解析

• 第一句往往都是重点句。记笔记建议多记英文，防止自己想不起来单词。

• sibling 兄弟姐妹

• settle a debate 平息一场争论

• family dynamics家庭状况

• biological factors生理因素

• prenatal：出生前的[法]naitre 出生，形容词 natal,e，[拉] natalis,e：of or belonging to birth。

段落二

Researchers have long had evidence that first-borns tended to be more dutiful and cautious than their siblings. And some previous studies found significant IQ differences. But critics said those reports were not conclusive because they did not take into account the vast differences in upbringing among families.

解析

• 实验结果、结论用一般过去时。

• have long had evidence that 一直有证据 （多留意这些小表达）

• dutiful and cautious 更孝顺、更谨慎

• first-borns 老大们

• not conclusive 不能成为最终的结论

• vast differences 巨大的差异

• take into account考虑

• upbringing among families 家庭成长环境

段落三

Three points on an IQ test may not sound like much, but experts say it can be a tipping point for some people--the difference between a high B average and a low A for instance. That in turn can have accumulative effect that could mean the difference between admission to an elite private liberal arts college and the less exclusive public one.

解析

• 听的时候卡住的地方，研习的时候要把这些绊脚石搬开，而不是机械地一遍遍练习，每次犯同样的错。

• tipping point 转折点

• accumulative effect 累积效果

• B+相当于87-89分 A-相当于90-92，也就是说B+和A-有3分的差距

• liberal arts college 文理学院

  • 文理学院往往代表着经典、小规模、高质量的本科教育。许多文理学院的学术声誉往往不亚于哈佛，耶鲁等综合性大学，因而成为很多美国上流社会及贵族子女的首选。（来源：百度百科http://t.cn/ROi0sm7）
• elite 和 less exclusive 是反义词。

段落四

Moreover, researchers say yesterday that the results being published today in separate papers in two different journals, Science and Intelligence, would lead to more intensive study into the family dynamics behind such differences. Though the study was done in men, the scientists said the results would almost certainly apply to women as well. ‘I consider these two papers the most important publications to come out in this field in seventy years,’ said Frank Sulloway, a psychologist of the Institute of Personality and Social Research of the University of California, Berkline. Doctor Sulloway, who was not involved in the study, but wrote an editorial accompanying it, added that, ‘there was some room for doubt about this effect before, but that room has now been eliminated.’ Effects of birth order are notoriously difficult to study, and some critics are still dubious.

解析

• 听的时候遇到的卡住的地方就是绊脚石，在研习时要把这些绊脚石搬开，而不是机械地一遍遍练习，要避免每次犯同样的错误。

• 复述要点：

  • A scientist said,…可用直接引语也可以用间接引语，注意时态；

  • 人物头衔不用记，主要记观点；

  • However，another expert said,…复述时注意转折词；

  • 简单概括背景，细节少一些没有太大关系，但具体数字没听清也要写个约数，比如人数，至少知道是20多万。

• room for doubt 存疑的空间

• notoriously 非常，众所周知地

• notorious 非常的，众所周知的（well-known for being bad）