Advanced Week 54
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“ScalersTalk口译进阶小组”的前身是“ScalersTalk交传小组”，该小组成立于2015年2月，目前已完成虐口译训练（《英语三级口译实务》教材篇章精练与复盘）、口译通关训练（《英语二级口译实务》教材篇章精练与复盘以及口译进阶训练（英汉同声传译入门、政府工作报告汉英视译、英汉语言刻意训练）。2017年1月1日，小组正式更名为“ScalersTalk口译进阶小组，专注高级阶段的交替传译与同声传译训练。我们针对英译汉开展融“交替传译”、“无稿同传”、“限时视译”于一体的模块训练，汉译英部分将通过“反向进英”练习夯实成员的语言基础并继续通过政府工作报告汉译英帮助成员积累背景知识和有关中国各方面发展的表达。
2017年的英译中采用分话题练习的形式。每月确定一个主题。本月主题为国际和平与安全，所用材料选自联合国大会、安理会及国际刑警组织等国际组织会议的现场发言。
本周英译汉的练习材料是加拿大总理贾斯汀·特鲁多在第七十一届联合国大会的英文视频（资料网址
resilient 坚韧
resolute 决心
model 榜样
ubiquitous 普遍的
citizen 公民
anxiety 焦虑
exploit 利用
allay 缓解
well-paying 高薪的
serve our interests 符合我们的利益
pretend 假装；装作
contribution 捐助
fund 资助
raise 募集；筹集
weakness 弱势
turn away 拒绝
internment 拘禁
What matters is重要的是
It is the responsibility of a leader to spend time with the people they were elected to serve. If you want the real stories, you have to go where people live. Coffee shops and church basements, mosques and synagogues. Farmer’s markets. Public parks. It was in places like that that I got the best sense of what Canadians were thinking, and how they were doing. And through the politeness—because we Canadians are always polite, even when we’re complaining—I learnt some things.
领导人的责任是花时间与人民在一起，为选民服务。 如果想知道真相，就去人民生活的地方。咖啡馆、教堂，清真寺、犹太教堂、农民市场，公共公园。 在这里，我了解了加拿大人民在想什么，过得怎么样。通过文明礼貌（的交谈），我们加拿大人一贯如此，哪怕是报怨时也很礼貌，我了解了一些事情。
“It is the responsibility of a leader to spend time with the people they were elected to serve.”一句中的“were elected to serve”指的是“（领导人）做好服务”，可直接译出。切忌将外国政要的发言译成有中国特色的词汇，比如“为人民服务”等。
church basement教堂（basement一般地势较低，属于底层，这里指的就是教堂）
“It was in places like that that I got the best sense of what Canadians were thinking, and how they were doing” 在这里，我了解了加拿大人民在想什么，过得怎么样。
got the best sense 了解
what Canadians were thinking, and how they were doing 加拿大人民在想什么，过得怎么样
And through the politeness—because we Canadians are always polite, even when we’re complaining—I learnt some things. 通过礼貌的接触/交谈——因为我们加拿大人总是很礼貌，即使有时候会抱怨，但还是很礼貌——我了解了一些问题。（同传时可以利用前文来推导后文）
And I had the opportunity to share meals with retired seniors who worked hard their whole lives and are now forced to rely on food banks. I’ve had too many distressing conversations with Canadians over the past few years.
我有机会与退休老年人一同用餐/吃饭，他们努力一生，却被迫依赖粮食银行的接济。 我有太多的对话，与加拿大民众在过去几年里交流了很多，我感到忧心忡忡/这令我寝食难安。
share meals 一同用餐/吃饭
are now forced to rely on food banks却被迫依赖粮食银行的接济。此处需补译“的接济”以保证句子的完整性。
“I’ve had too many distressing conversations with Canadians over the past few years. But they made something very clear to me”顺译：“我有太多令人沮丧的对话，与加拿大民众在过去几年里交流了很多。有一点很明确”；参考译文：“我有太多的对话，与加拿大民众在过去几年里交流了很多，我感到忧心忡忡/这令我寝食难安”。
distressing 令人沮丧；忧心忡忡的；寝食难安的。中文一般不说“我有太多令人沮丧的对话”，而是将这种“对话”所表达的情绪放在后面表达出来。所以此处参考译文属于笔译版本，更符合中文行文习惯。
We need to focus on what brings us together, not what divides us. For Canada, that means re-engaging in global affairs through institutions like the United Nations. It doesn’t serve our interests—or the world’s—to pretend we’re not deeply affected by what happens beyond our borders.
我们要聚焦于团结的力量，而不是分裂的力量。 对加拿大来说，这意味着要重新参与于国际事务，通过联合国等机构来实现/平台有联合国等。 这不符合我们的利益及世界利益的做法是，假装/装作我们没有受到影响，边境之外的事情与我们无关。
“We need to focus on what brings us together, not what divides us.”译作：我们要聚焦于团结的力量，而不是分裂的力量。句末补充“的力量”使句子完整。
through institutions like the United Nations通过联合国等机构来实现/平台有联合国等。
through 译作“通过”时，结合前句，整个句子可译为“通过联合国等机构来实现”
through 不译；like the United Nations处理成“平台有联合国等”
“It doesn’t serve our interests—or the world’s—to pretend we’re not deeply affected by what happens beyond our borders. 这不符合我们的利益及世界利益的做法是，假装/装作我们没有受到影响，边境之外的事情与我们无关。
It doesn’t serve our interests—or the world’s…这不符合我们的利益及世界利益（的做法是）……。“的做法/的是”需补译出来。
to pretend we’re not deeply affected by what happens beyond our borders.这半句中的“by what happens beyond our borders”单独成句，译作“边境之外的事情与我们无关”。
Earlier this year, we helped negotiate the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. As part of our commitment to implementing that agreement, we announced that Canada would invest $2.65 billion over five years to fund clean, low-carbon growth in developing countries. In order to help promote peace and security in areas affected by instability, we reaffirmed our support for NATO and committed ourselves to expanding Canada’s role in United Nations peacekeeping operations.
今年早些时候，我们参与谈判了巴黎气候变化协议。我们承诺执行这一协议，宣布加拿大要投资26.5亿美元，在未来5年资助清洁、低碳增长，帮助发展中国。 为促进和平与安全，帮助受到不稳定因素影响的地区，我们重申了对北约的支持，承诺增强加拿大的作用，支持联合国维和行动。
“we helped negotiate the Paris Agreement on Climate Change”中的“help”一词切忌译成“帮助”，否则译文将不知所云。这里转译为“参与”，即“我们参与谈判了巴黎气候变化协议。”
“we announced that Canada would invest $2.65 billion over five years to fund clean, low-carbon growth in developing countries”中的“in developing countries”介词“in”转化为动词，译为“帮助发展中国家”。
“expanding Canada’s role in United Nations peacekeeping operations”译作“增强加拿大的作用/角色，支持联合国的维和行动”。
And we are going to refuse to give in to the pressure of trading our cherished values for easy votes. The world expects better from us, and we expect better from ourselves. In the end, my friends, there is a choice to be made. Strong, diverse, resilient countries like Canada didn’t happen by accident, and they won’t continue without effort.
我们要拒绝屈服于压力，不拿我们珍视的价值观来交换选票。世界期待我们做得更好，我们也期待自己做得更好。最后，朋友们，我们要做出选择。强大、多元、坚韧如加拿大这样的国家不是偶然出现的。要继续发展，就要努力。
“trading our cherished values for easy votes”中的“trade…for…”表示“拿……与……做交易。
“they won’t continue without effort”采用反译技巧，译作“要继续（发展），就要努力”。
Our citizens, the nearly 7.5 billion people we collectively serve, are better than the cynics and pessimists think they are. They want their problems solved not exploited. Listen, Canada is a modest country. We know we can’t solve these problems alone. We know we need to do this all together.
我们的公民有近75亿，是我们共同服务的对象。他们过得很好，好于愤世嫉俗者和悲观主义者想象的那样。 他们希望问题得到解决，而不是被利用。 诸位，加拿大是一个能力有限的国家/加拿大能力有限。我们知道，我们不能单独解决这些问题。 我们知道必须齐心协力。
“are better than the cynics and pessimists”中的“better”虽为比较，但是视译处理时先将其还原成原形“good”，然后在后面被出比较的意思。
“Canada is a modest country”的“modest”表示“good or great but not very good or great”，本句译作“加拿大是一个能力有限的国家/加拿大能力有限”。
四是科技创新实现重大突破。量子通信、中微子振荡、高温铁基超导等基础研究取得一批原创性成果，载人航天、探月工程、深海探测等项目达到世界先进水平。
Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation. Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research. World-class advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.
“科技创新实现重大突破”有两种处理方式：一是以“重大突破”为主语，用被动语态来表达，如参考译文；另一种则以“we”做主语，表示“我们实现了重大突破”，译为“We made significant breakthroughs in…”（推荐使用主动语态）。
“量子通信、中微子振荡、高温铁基超导等”这类词属于科技词汇，有专门的译法，需多加了解。在第一遍视译时可用概述性的语言来处理。
“……高温铁基超导等基础研究取得一批原创性成果”中的“原创性成果”译为“original achievements”。“原创”即作者首创,非抄袭模仿的、内容和形式都具有独特个性的。
五是人民生活水平显著提高。居民收入增长快于经济增长，城乡收入差距持续缩小。城镇新增就业人数超过6400万人。城镇保障性安居工程住房建设4013万套，上亿群众喜迁新居。农村贫困人口减少1亿多，解决3亿多农村人口饮水安全问题。
Fifth, living standards improved significantly. Personal income increased/grew faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed. Over 64 million urban jobs were created. Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people. The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water.
“城镇新增就业人数超过6400万人”解读为“城镇新增就业岗位超过6400万个”，译作“Over 64 million urban jobs were created”。
城乡收入差距the urban-rural income gap
“城镇保障性安居工程住房建设4013万套，上亿群众喜迁新居”中的“城镇保障性安居工程住房建设”包括廉租住房、经济适用住房、公共租赁住房、限价商品住房等，都是政府以补贴的方式进行的建设，因而此处可简单解读为“政府补贴建成4013万套”，因而为“上亿群众提供了新住房”。参考译文为被动语态，但口译时更推荐使用主动语态。
“解决3亿多农村人口饮水安全问题”解读为“3亿多农村人口能够获得安全饮用水”，译作“over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water”。
“贫困人口减少1亿多”译作：over 100million people have got rid of/lifted out of poverty; over 100million people are living above poverty.
六是社会发展成就斐然。教育公平和质量明显提升。基本医疗保险实现全覆盖，基本养老保险参保率超过80%。文化软实力持续提升。依法治国全面推进。中国特色军事变革成就显著。经过五年努力，我国经济实力、科技实力、国防实力、国际影响力又上了一个大台阶。
Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development/we have made notable achievements. Significant progress was made in ensuring equal access to education, and the quality of education markedly improved. Basic health insurance was expanded to cover all rural and municipal areas, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population. China’s soft power continued to grow/increase. We continue to promote/advance the rule of law. We have made significant achievements in the military reform with Chinese characteristics. Over the past five years, we have improved a lot in our power in terms of economy, science and technology, military, and international influence/reputation.
“基本医疗保险实现全覆盖”解读为“基本医疗保险实现对农村和城市的全覆盖”。译作“Basic health insurance was expanded to cover all rural and municipal areas”。
“教育公平和质量明显提升”中的“教育公平”指的是“fairness of education”。
“依法治国全面推进”译作“we continue to promote/advance the rule of law”。
“军事变革”实指“军事改革”，译作“military reform”。
注意多用主动语态。