Advanced Week 212

写在前面的话

“ScalersTalk 口译进阶小组”的前身是“ScalersTalk 交传小组”，成立于 2015 年 2 月，现阶段，小组继续专注高级阶段的交替传译与同声传译训练，在巩固语言基本功的同时训练各类口译技能，从而为承担正式场合的口译打下坚实基础。

本周复盘说明

第 212 周训练的主题为：新冠病毒。英译中练习包括交传练习WHO总干事谭德塞博士发言Coronavirus outbreak- WHO declares an international public health emergency（WHO正式认定新冠病毒疫情为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件）和视译练习《世卫组织关于新型冠状病毒疫情的国际交通建议》。小组成员利用该材料分别练习了交传和视译，并学习原文的词汇、表达和句型句式。设备建议：你需要电脑或手机播放音频、手机发送语音。

第 212 周——知识点整理

段落一

So far, the main clinical signs and symptoms reported in this outbreak include fever, difficulty in breathing, and chest radiographs showing bilateral lung infiltrates. As of 27 January 2020, human-to-human transmission has been confirmed largely in Wuhan city, but also some other places in China and internationally. Not enough is known about the epidemiology of 2019-nCoV to draw definitive conclusions about the full clinical features of disease, the intensity of the human-to-human transmission, and the original source of the outbreak.

参考译文

迄今为止，主要临床体征和症状已经在本次疫情中报告，包括发热，呼吸困难，胸片显示双肺浸润。截至2020年1月27日，人际传播已很大程度上在武汉市得到确认，而且也在中国其他地区以及海外得到确认。尚未能充分了解2019-nCoV流行病学以明确全部的疾病临床特征、人际传播的强度以及病毒感染源。

解析

• clinical signs and symptoms: 临床体征和症状

  ** “体征”与“症状”的区别：Though signs and symptoms describe the same conditions, these two are different in many characteristics. While signs are what a doctor sees, symptoms are what a patient experiences. A symptom can be defined as one of the characters of a disease. Meanwhile, sign is the definite indication of a specific disease. 简言之，症状是患者的主观感觉，体征是医生检查后得出的结论。

• difficulty in breathing: 呼吸困难

• chest radiographs showing bilateral lung infiltrates：胸片显示双肺浸润

  chest radiographs胸片；bilateral lung infiltrates: 双肺浸润

  ** 肺浸润是肺部病变的特征，一般指急、慢性肺部感染，或过去曾经感染，如出现“下呼吸道感染”所引起的肺炎，不但会有气管（windpipe）和肺泡（alveolus）的发炎、发烧、咳嗽、胸痛、呼吸急促或困难等症状，并可由胸片上看到肺部浸润。

• As of 27 January 2020, human-to-human transmission has been confirmed largely in Wuhan city, but also some other places in China and internationally. 截至2020年1月27日，人际传播已很大程度上在武汉市得到确认，而且也在中国其他地区以及海外得到确认。

  ** human-to-human transmission: 人际传播；人传人

  ** but also some other places in China and internationally 这里采取重复谓语的技巧，重复“得到确认（has been confirmed）”

段落二

Coronaviruses are a large family of respiratory viruses that can cause diseases ranging from the common cold to the Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). In case of symptoms suggestive of acute respiratory illness before, during or after travel, the travellers are encouraged to seek medical attention and share travel history with their health care provider.

参考译文

冠状病毒属于广泛的呼吸道病毒家族，可导致的疾病从普通感冒到中东呼吸综合征（MERS）和严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）不等。如果有症状表明得了急性呼吸道疾病，在旅行前、旅行中或旅行后出现症状，旅行者需就医并分享旅行史，告知医务人员。

解析

• In case of symptoms suggestive of acute respiratory illness before, during or after travel, the travellers are encouraged to seek medical attention and share travel history with their health care provider. 如果有症状表明得了急性呼吸道疾病，在旅行前、旅行中或旅行后出现症状，旅行者需就医并分享旅行史，告知医务人员。

  ** in case of: 如果

  ** travellers are encouraged to: 翻译时仍以旅行者为主语，“be encouraged to”译为“需/应”

  ** seek medical attention/seek medical care：就医

  ** share travel history with their health care provider：将旅行史告知医务人员/分享旅行史，告知义务人员（“with”采取“介词转动技巧”）。在本文中，“share”译为“告知”更符合中文表达习惯

段落三

Public health authorities should provide to travellers information to reduce the general risk of acute respiratory infections, via health practitioners, travel health clinics, travel agencies, conveyance operators and at Points of Entry. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) advice for the public published on the WHO website contains WHO standard recommendations for the general public to reduce exposure to and transmission of a range of illnesses, to protect yourself and others from getting sick, to stay healthy while travelling.

参考译文

公共卫生部门应向旅行者提供信息，以降低一般风险，应对急性呼吸道感染，途径包括医务人员、旅行健康门诊、旅行社和运输运营商以及入境口岸。就新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）对公众的建议已在世卫组织网站上发布，包含世卫组织的标准建议，针对一般公众，目的是减少人们接触和传播一系列疾病，使其能保护自己和他人不生病，并在旅行中保持健康。

解析

• Points of Entry：入境口岸

• Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) advice for the public：就新型冠状病毒对公众的建议

• reduce exposure to and transmission of a range of illness：“exposure”和“transmission”名词转换为动词，译为减少人们接触和传播一系列疾病

  *“protect…from…”译为“保护…免于”，在此处译为“保护……不生病”

  *“to”表目的时，可视情况译为“目的为……/为的是……/使得……/以”等等

段落四

Exit screening includes checking for signs and symptoms (fever above 38°, cough), interview of passengers with respiratory infection symptoms leaving the affected areas with regards to potential exposure to high-risk contacts or to the presumed animal source, directing symptomatic travellers to further medical examination, followed by testing for 2019-nCoV, and keeping confirmed cases under isolation and treatment.

参考译文

出境筛查包括检查体征和症状（38度以上的发烧及咳嗽），与乘客面谈，对象为有呼吸道感染症状且从疫区离开的乘客，查明其是否可能接触了高风险接触者或可能潜在的动物源，指导有症状的旅行者做进一步的医疗检查，然后检测2019-nCoV，并对确诊病例进行隔离和治疗。

解析

• with regards to：这里采用“介词短语转动词”的技巧，译为“查明”

• symptomatic travelers：有症状的旅行者

• followed by：然后/接着……

• exit screening：出境筛查；entry screening：入境筛查

• confirmed cases：确诊病例

• keep confirmed cases under isolation and treatment：对确诊病例进行隔离和治疗