Advanced Week 77
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“ScalersTalk口译进阶小组”的前身是“ScalersTalk交传小组”，该小组成立于2015年2月。现阶段，小组专注高级阶段的交替传译与同声传译训练，在巩固语言基本功的同时训练各类口译技能，从而为承担正式场合的口译打下坚实基础。
So, in the next half hour or so, we're going to spend some time exploring your vision for what an exciting future might look like, which I guess makes the first question a little ironic: Why are you boring?
下面半个小时我们要谈谈未来是什么样子的。第一个问题有点儿意思：你为什么挖掘隧道？
“in the next half hour or so, we're going to spend some time exploring your vision for what an exciting future might look like”中的“going to spend some time exploring”指“将要谈”；“vision”可不译，直接译出后面的“未来是什么样子的”；整句译作“下面半个小时我们要谈谈未来是什么样子的”。
ironic 同amusing，指“有意思”。
congestion 拥堵
“Why are you boring?”中的“boring”是个双关，一方面指“无聊”，另一方面指“挖掘（隧道）”，观众听来会觉得比较有趣。译员只能通过了解背景，从标题“The future we are building and boring”以及讲者从事的项目中了解到“boring”在本次对话中指的是“挖掘（隧道）”，译为“你为什么挖掘隧道”就可以了。
soul-destroying things 烦人的事情
toll road-type 收费公路的模式
But if you shrink that diameter to what we're attempting, which is 12 feet, which is plenty to get an electric skate through, you drop the diameter by a factor of two and the cross-sectional area by a factor of four, and the tunneling cost scales with the cross-sectional area. So that's roughly a half-order of magnitude improvement right there.
直径减少到12英尺，那么直径会减少1倍, 横截面减少3倍, 隧道的成本随着横截面的减少而减少。因而这大概就是要改善的地方。
“But if you shrink that diameter to what we're attempting, which is 12 feet, which is plenty to get an electric skate through”本句的从句处理办法如下：
that diameter to what we're attempting, which is 12 feet第二个从句为第一个从句的具体内容，处理时可任选其一（推荐译出数字）；
which is plenty to get an electric skate through事实上本小句还是在解释前面的“12 feet”，因而可省译；
“if”可先不译，然后在后面补出假设的含义，整句可简单译为“直径减少到12英尺”。
drop … by a factor of 减少（n-1）倍或减少到原来的n倍
the cross-sectional area 横截面
scale with 本义为“与……相协调”，此处处理为“与……成正比”。
Also these machines are far from being at their power or thermal limits, so you can jack up the power to the machine substantially. I think you can get at least a factor of two, maybe a factor of four or five improvement on top of that. So I think there's a fairly straightforward series of steps to get somewhere in excess of an order of magnitude improvement in the cost per mile.
这些机器远没有达到用电和热度的极限，所以可以增加电量。我认为这样至少有两倍的增加，也可能有4倍或5倍的提升空间。这都是非常直接的改善，又在成本范围之内。
far from 远非
at … limits 达到上限
jack up 增加；提高
a factor of two 两倍（的系数）”
“So I think there's a fairly straightforward series of steps to get somewhere in excess of an order of magnitude improvement in the cost per mile.”这一句可解读为“采取了许多措施以进行改善，而成本不增加”，因而简单处理成“这都是非常直接的改善，又在成本范围之内”。
面对今年艰巨繁重的改革发展稳定任务，我们要通观全局、统筹兼顾，突出重点、把握关键，正确处理好各方面关系，着重抓好以下几个方面工作。
Confronted with the formidable tasks of reform and development and maintaining stability this year, we must keep in mind the big picture and adopt a holistic approach, have clear priorities and focus on key tasks, and properly handle interactions among various sectors. We should give priority to the following areas of work.
本小段出现了六个动词，所以处理时需要明确对应的关系。
主句为“我们要……着重抓好以下几个方面工作”，但是它所管的范围太广泛，因而将其拆分成两个句子，即“我们要……”和“我们要着重抓好以下几个方面工作”；
“通观全局、统筹兼顾”两者任译其一即可；
扎实有效去产能。今年要再压减钢铁产能5000万吨左右，退出煤炭产能1.5亿吨以上。同时，要淘汰、停建、缓建煤电产能5000万千瓦以上，以防范化解煤电产能过剩风险，提高煤电行业效率，优化能源结构，为清洁能源发展腾空间。
Take solid and effective steps to cut overcapacity. This year, we will further reduce steel production capacity by around 50 million metric tons and shut down at least 150 million metric tons of coal production facilities. At the same time, we will suspend or postpone construction on or eliminate no less than 50 million kilowatts of coal-fired power generation capacity, in order to guard against and defuse the risks of overcapacity in coal-fired power, improve the efficiency of this sector, omptimize the energy mix, and make room for clean energy to develop.
“扎实有效去产能”中的“扎实”一般而言都表示“扎实地去做……”，需着重记忆，译作“take…steps to do sth.”
去产能 cut/shut down/eliminate overcapacity
钢铁产能 steel production capacity
煤炭产能 coal production facilities
缓建 postpone construction on…
煤电产能 coal-fired power generation capacity
清洁能源 clean energy
产能 overcapacity, facility, capacity
防范 guard against
化解 defuse
“今年要再压减钢铁产能5000万吨左右，退出煤炭产能1.5亿吨以上”：
注意积累“以上”的表达，此处用的是“at least”，下文用的是“no less than”，避免重复；
“退出煤炭产能”：退出煤炭产能的做法包括“依法淘汰关闭一批煤矿”，这里将“退出煤炭产能”解读为“关闭矿井”，译为“shutdown coal production facilities”；
“以防范化解煤电产能过剩风险，提高煤电行业效率,优化能源结构”中“煤电”第二次出现时用“this sector”指代，审议版中加入“优化能源结构”，更好地呼应推进高能耗产业结构调整、去产能的政策；
市场化法治化手段 market and law-based methods
首先，我代表展览各主办单位向出席今天开幕式的各位领导、各位来宾和新闻界的朋友们表示热烈的欢迎！向参加国土资源调查的全体同志致以诚挚的慰问和崇高的敬意！也借此机会，向长期以来关心、支持国土资源事业发展的司马义·铁力瓦尔地副委员长、罗富和副主席，以及发展改革委、财政部等有关部门和社会各界表示衷心的感谢。
First, on behalf of the organizers, I’d like to say, officials, guests and friends from the media, welcome to you all. To everyone who took part in the assessment, I appreciate what you’ve done and I salute you! Also, to those who have been supporting our work, to Vice Chairman Simayi Tieliwaerdi and Vice Chairman Luo Fuhe, the Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Finance and other departments and people involved. Thank you!
“首先，我代表展览各主办单位向出席今天开幕式的各位领导、各位来宾和新闻界的朋友们表示热烈的欢迎！”一句可套用句式“on behalf…, I’d like to say…”，整句译为“on behalf of the organizers, I’d like to say, officials, guests and friends from the media, welcome to you all”。
“向参加国土资源调查的全体同志致以诚挚的慰问和崇高的敬意。”可解读为“向……全体同志，我表示……慰问和……敬意”，即“To sb., I appreciate… and salute…”，整句译为“To everyone who took part in the assessment, I appreciate what you’ve done and I salute you!”
“也借此机会，向长期以来关心、支持国土资源事业发展的司马义·铁力瓦尔地副委员长、罗富和副主席，以及发展改革委、财政部等有关部门和社会各界表示衷心的感谢。”由前文可预判，接下来将继续表达感谢，因而可预测先译；本句中涉及许多人名及其头衔，我们可注意积累常见的那一部份，比如副主席，以及发展改革委、财政部等。
国土资源是经济社会发展的重要物质基础，国土资源调查评价是支撑经济社会发展的先行性、基础性工作。1998年以来，国土资源部会同发展改革委、财政部，按照党中央、国务院的决策部署，组织开展了历时12年的国土资源调查评价工作。先后实施了国土资源大调查、青藏高原地质矿产调查、新疆“358”地质矿产调查、油气资源战略调查、危机矿山接替资源勘查、海洋资源调查和第二次全国土地调查、全国耕地后备资源和农地分等定级调查等一系列重大调查专项，取得了一大批具有全局意义的开创性成果，为国家重大战略决策、经济社会发展、国土资源管理提供了坚实的支撑和保障，为加快我国的现代化建设和构建和谐社会作出了积极贡献。回首12载风雨历程，我们感慨而自豪，这是国土资源调查评价工作波澜壮阔的12年，也是艰苦奋进的12年，更是硕果累累的12年。
National land and resources are the basis of development. The assessment supports such development as its precursor. Since 1998, we have been working with NDRC and MoF to implement the Party and State Council’s decisions. We’ve worked for 12 years on our land and resources assessment, including an overview on geology and minerals of the Tibetan plateau, Xinjiang 358 geology and mineral project, oil and gas strategy, mine substitutes, marine resources an the second national land survey, arable land reserves and agricultural land rating. We have achieved a substantial amount of ground-breaking results, contributing to our national strategy, economic and social development and resource management. It helps to accelerate our modernization and the development of a harmonious society. Looking back on the 12 years, we’re very proud. The assessment over the past 12 years has been eventful, hard work and rewarding.
“国土资源是经济社会发展的重要物质基础，国土资源调查评价是支撑经济社会发展的先行性、基础性工作。”中的“经济社会发展”可用“发展”来代表包含广泛的各方发展；“国土资源调查评价是支撑经济社会发展的先行性、基础性工作。”后半句的重心在“国土资源调查评价支撑发展”，而后才是“先行性、基础性工作”，因而可先译重心，然后补出后面的内容。全句译为“National land and resources are the basis of development. The assessment supports such development as its precursor”。
“国土资源部会同发展改革委、财政部，按照党中央、国务院的决策部署，组织开展了历时12年的国土资源调查评价工作。”
“会同”解读为“与……一起”，即“work with …”；
“按照党中央、国务院的决策部署”紧跟前文的句子时，避免处理成状语。尽量译成宾语或者谓语。此处可译成“实施”、“执行”；
“组织开展了历时12年的国土资源调查评价工作。”解读为“我们为此工作了12年”；
全句译为“Since 1998, we have been working with NDRC and MoF to implement the Party and State Council’s decisions. We’ve worked for 12 years on our land and resources assessment”。
第77周英译汉训练的主题是未来，本次材料为美国太空探索技术公司（SpaceX）的首席执行官兼首席技术官 Elton Musk（埃隆·马斯克）与TED主要负责人之一Chris Anderson在TED的对话。他们讨论了在洛杉矶地底下挖隧道建高铁、特斯拉及美国太空探索技术公司的近况，以及在火星上建设未来的原因。（视频及文本网址： ) 政府工作报告42-45段，主题是去产能 2) 徐绍史在国土资源调查评价成果展开幕式上的致辞。本日志整理的是第77周练习的英译汉部分和汉译英部分。
背景知识：SpaceX（美国太空探索技术公司）是一家由PayPal早期投资人埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）2002年6月建立的美国太空运输公司。它开发了可部分重复使用的猎鹰1号和猎鹰9号运载火箭。SpaceX同时开发Dragon系列的航天器以通过猎鹰9号发射到轨道。SpaceX主要设计、测试和制造内部的部件，如Merlin、Kestrel和Draco火箭发动机。（来源：百度百科
