Advanced Week 218
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“ScalersTalk 口译进阶小组”的前身是“ScalersTalk 交传小组”，成立于 2015 年 2 月，现阶段，小组继续专注高级阶段的交替传译与同声传译训练，在巩固语言基本功的同时训练各类口译技能，从而为承担正式场合的口译打下坚实基础。
第 218 周训练的主题为：性别平等（Gender Equality）。英译中练习的Why Gender Equality Is Good for Everyone — Men Included。小组成员主要利用该材料练习了交替传译、同声传译和限时视译，并学习原文的词汇、表达和句型句式。设备建议：你需要电脑或手机播放音频、手机发送语音。
We would read some text in feminist theory and have a conversation about it. And during one of our conversations, I witnessed an interaction that changed my life forever. It was a conversation between two women. One of the women was white, and one was black. And the white woman said -- this is going to sound very anachronistic now -- the white woman said, "All women face the same oppression as women. All women are similarly situated in patriarchy, and therefore all women have a kind of intuitive solidarity or sisterhood." And the black woman said, "I'm not so sure. Let me ask you a question." So the black woman says to the white woman, "When you wake up in the morning and you look in the mirror, what do you see?" And the white woman said, "I see a woman." And the black woman said, "You see, that's the problem for me. Because when I wake up in the morning and I look in the mirror," she said, "I see a black woman. To me, race is visible. But to you, race is invisible. You don't see it." And then she said something really startling. She said, "That's how privilege works. Privilege is invisible to those who have it." It is a luxury, I will say to the white people sitting in this room, not to have to think about race every split second of our lives. Privilege is invisible to those who have it.
我们会阅读关于女性主义的文章并且相互讨论。然而目睹其中一次对话的经历彻底改变了我的人生。那是两个女生之间的讨论。一个是白人，另一个是黑人。白人女生说——这在现在听起来可能已经不合时宜——白人女生说：“所有的女性，都承受着同样的压迫。在这个父权制的社会，女性都处在同一地位。所以，所有女性都会出于直觉地团结在一起，视彼此为姐妹。”而那个黑人女生说，“我有不同的看法。那我问你个问题”，黑人女生问白人女生，“你每天早上醒来，对着镜子，你看到什么？”“我看到的是我，一个女人”，白人女生回答。黑人女生说：“你看，这就是我的问题。因为我每天早上醒来对着镜子，我看到的是我，一个女黑人。对于我来说，种族差异是可见的，而对你，种族观念是无形的。你是感受不到的。”之后她说的话很令我震撼。她说：“这就是特权。对于拥有它的人来说，它是无形的。”我想对这个屋子里所有的白人说，能够不用在生活中时刻考虑种族的问题，这是种奢侈。特权对于拥有它的人来说是无形的。
have a conversation about something: discuss about something 相互讨论
anachronistic：old-fashioned; outdated过时；落伍
oppression：压迫；collocation：face oppression
patriarchy：男权政治；父权制
I’m not so sure：指的是有不同的看法
every split second：every second
It is a luxury to do something：做……是一种奢侈
Gender equality is good for countries. It turns out, according to most studies, that those countries that are the most gender equal are also the countries that score highest on the happiness scale. And that's not just because they're all in Europe. Even within Europe, those countries that are more gender equal also have the highest levels of happiness. It is also good for companies. Research by Catalyst and others has shown conclusively that the more gender-equal companies are, the better it is for workers, the happier their labor force is. They have lower job turnover. They have lower levels of attrition. They have an easier time recruiting. They have higher rates of retention, higher job satisfaction, higher rates of productivity. So the question I'm often asked in companies is, "Boy, this gender equality thing, that's really going to be expensive, huh?" And I say, "Oh no, in fact, what you have to start calculating is how much gender inequality is already costing you. It is extremely expensive." So it is good for business.
性别平等对国家来说是有益的。多项研究显示，性别最平等的国家，幸福度也最高。这并不只是因为他们都是欧洲国家。即使是在欧洲范围内，也是男女越平等的国家幸福度越高。性别平等对公司而言也是好事。Catalyst 以及其他一些机构的调查显示，如果一家公司对待男女的方式越平等，对于员工就越有利，员工的幸福度会更高。工作流动率更低，流失率也更低，这样的公司更容易招揽人才。员工的忠诚度和工作满足感都更高。生产率也会提高。在公司里我经常被问到的问题是：哦，你说的这个性别平等，要花很多钱吧。我说，并不是的，你反倒要算算，性别不平等浪费了你多少钱。性别不平等才费钱呢。所以性别平等对企业有利。
job turnover：（人员的）流动率；The turnover of people in an organization or place is the rate at which people leave and are replaced.
levels of attrition：人员流失率
retention rate：留职率
job satisfaction：工作满意度；工作满足感
更容易做……：to have an easier time doing something
幸福度高：score high on the happiness scale；have high level of happiness
Because here's what the data show: when men share housework and childcare, their children do better in school. Their children have lower rates of absenteeism, higher rates of achievement. They are less likely to be diagnosed with ADHD. They are less likely to see a child psychiatrist. They are less likely to be put on medication. So when men share housework and childcare, their children are happier and healthier, and men want this.
现在我想换一个更激进的词，叫“共同分担”。数据显示，当男性开始分担家务、照料孩子。孩子在学校的表现会提高。这些孩子的缺勤率更低，表现更好，患注意缺陷障碍的概率更低，患儿童精神疾病的概率更小，甚至更少生病。也就是说，当男人开始分担家务和照顾孩子之后，孩子们可以变得更健康更快乐。而这也是男人所希望的。
have low rates of absenteeism：低旷课率；absenteeism：the fact of being frequently away from work or school, especially without good reasons （经常性无故的）旷工,旷课
ADHD：attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 注意缺陷障碍；多动症； 过动症
to be on medication：进行药物治疗；Be put on medication：接受药物治疗
They are less likely to be diagnosed with ADHD. 患注意缺陷障碍的概率更低。Be diagnosed with：患上……疾病；be less likely to译为“……的概率更低”
平权运动（Affirmative action） 是60年代伴随非裔美国人民权运动、妇女解放运动、性革命等一连串民权运动兴起的一项社会运动，1965年由民主党的美国总统林登·约翰逊发起，主张在大学招生、政府招标等情况下照顾如少数民族、女性、同性恋等弱势群体，是一个特定时期“种族优先”的法律，保障他们不会在教育及工作方面受到歧视及不公平对待（positive steps taken to increase the representation of women and minorities in areas of employment, education, and culture from which they have been historically excluded）。
女性参政权/投票权（Women's suffrage，Woman suffrage） 指允许女性拥有平等参与选举投票以及担任候选人的政治权利。在人类历史的多数时期中，女性大多都不被允许参与政治。在法国大革命（1794-1830）之后，伴随民主理念与女权主义理念的兴起，欧洲开始有人推动让女性拥有同等的投票权，被认为是妇女权利的一部份。19世纪开始，随着两性教育平等的推广，更多女性懂得投入推动女性参政权的运动，在第一次世界大战之后推广到全世界。
