Advanced Week 217

写在前面的话

“ScalersTalk 口译进阶小组”的前身是“ScalersTalk 交传小组”，成立于 2015 年 2 月，现阶段，小组继续专注高级阶段的交替传译与同声传译训练，在巩固语言基本功的同时训练各类口译技能，从而为承担正式场合的口译打下坚实基础。

本周复盘说明

第 217 周训练的主题为：性别平等（Gender Equality）。英译中练习的是联合国秘书长的妇女节致辞“Video Message by H.E. Mr. António Guterres, United Nations Secretary-General, on International Women’s Day”。小组成员主要利用该材料练习了交传，并学习原文的词汇、表达和句型句式。设备建议：你需要电脑或手机播放音频、手机发送语音。

第 217 周——知识点整理

段落一

Gender equality is fundamentally a question of power. Transforming the balance of power is essential, not only as a question of human rights, personal development, health and well-being. It is critical to solving some of the most damaging and intractable problems of our age. From the ridiculing of women as hysterical or hormonal, to the routine judgement of women based on their looks; from the myths and taboos that surround women’s natural bodily functions, to mansplaining and victim-blaming – misogyny has been everywhere.

参考译文

性别平等从根本上而言是权力的问题。改变权力平衡状态十分重要，不仅仅关乎人权、个人发展、健康和福祉等问题。性别平等对于解决当下危害最大和最困难的一些问题至关重要。从用歇斯底里或荷尔蒙嘲笑女性，到日常中对女性的外貌评头论足；从围绕着女性自然身体机能的种种谣言和禁忌，再到男式说教和指责受害者，厌女症随处可见。

解析

• balance of power: a position in which both or all of the groups or people involved, usually in a political situation, have equal power 权力平衡

• intractable: (formal) (of a problem or a person 问题或人) very difficult to deal with

  很难对付(或处理)的

• ridicule somebody: unkind comments that make fun of sb / sth or make them look silly 嘲笑；奚落；讥笑

• judgement of women based on their looks：to judge someone based on their looks: 以貌取人；对样貌评头论足

• Mansplaining：Mansplaining is a portmanteau of the words man and explaining, defined as "to explain something to someone, typically a man to woman, in a manner regarded as condescending or patronizing 男式说教，指男性以高高在上的态度向女性解释问题

• victim-blaming：指责受害者

• misogyny：the hatred of women厌女症，女性贬抑（与之相关联的一个词是“toxic masculinity”，指“直男癌”或“大男子主义”）

• taboos that surround women’s natural bodily functions: 围绕女性自然身体机能的禁忌

段落二

Involving women leaders and decision-makers in mediation and peace processes leads to more lasting and sustainable peace. Gender equality, including men stepping up and taking responsibility, is essential if we are to beat the climate emergency. Women’s equal economic rights and opportunities are a global imperative if we are to build a fair globalization that works for all. Unless women play an equal role in designing digital technologies, progress on women’s rights could be reversed. It is simple math. Women’s participation improves institutions. The 21st century must be the century of women’s equality. Let us all play our part in making it so.

参考译文

让女性领导者和决策者参与调停和和平进程可以带来更持久、可持续的和平。性别平等对于解决气候危机而言十分重要，这包括要让男性站出来承担责任。如果我们要建立人人受益的公平性全球化，那么让女性获得平等经济权利和机会就是全球的要务。除非女性能平等参与数字技术的创造，否则我们所取得的女性权利进步有可能会倒退。这是简单的算术题。女性的参与可改善机构的状况。21世纪必须要实现男女平等，让我们所有人都贡献出自己的力量实现这个目标。

解析

• mediate ~ (in sth) | ~ (between A and B) to try to end a disagreement between ten or more people or groups by talking to them and trying to find things that everyone can agree on调停；调解；斡旋

• women play an equal role in something：女性平等参与……

段落三

Women’s rights have made significant progress in recent decades, from the abolition of discriminatory laws to increased numbers of girls in school. But we now face a powerful pushback. Legal protections against rape and domestic abuse are being diluted in some countries; women’s sexual and reproductive rights are under threat. All this is because gender equality is fundamentally a question of power. Centuries of discrimination and deep-rooted patriarchy have created a yawning gender power gap in our economies, our political systems, our corporations and our culture. This profoundly affects us all and is a barrier to solving many of the challenges and threats we face, from achieving a fair globalization that works for everyone, to ending the epidemic of violence against women and building peaceful and secure societies. We must also urgently address the digital gender divide that threatens to entrench gender inequality in societies and economies for decades to come.

参考译文

近几十年来，妇女权利取得重大进展，从废除歧视性法律到提高在校女童人数不一而足。但我们现在遇到很大阻力。在一些国家，针对强奸和家庭暴力的法律保护措施不断削弱；妇女的性权利和生殖权利也受到威胁。其原因在于性别平等从根本上讲是一个权力问题。几百年的歧视做法和根深蒂固的父权意识给各国经济、政治制度、企业和文化带来越来越大的性别权力差距。这种差距深刻影响到我们所有人，有碍化解我们面临的许多挑战和威胁，不利于实现人人受益的公平全球化乃至终止普遍存在的暴力侵害妇女现象和建设和平与安全的社会。我们还必须在今后几十年紧急采取行动，弥合可能加深社会和经济体性别不平等的性别数字鸿沟。

解析

• abolition of discriminatory laws: 废除歧视性法律

• face a powerful pushback: 面临很大阻力

• domestic abuse: 家庭暴力

• reproductive rights: 生殖权利

• patriarchy: a society, system or country that is ruled or controlled by men男性统治的社会(或制度、国家)；男权政治；父权制（matriarchy 则为母权、母系社会）

• yawning (gap): describes a difference or amount that is extremely large and difficult to reduce （差异或数量）巨大的，难以缩减的

• This profoundly affects us all and is a barrier to solving many of the challenges and threats we face, from achieving a fair globalization that works for everyone, to…这种差距深刻影响到我们所有人，有碍化解我们面临的许多挑战和威胁，不利于实现人人受益的公平全球化乃至……

  这里的“from achieving a fair globalization”指的是上文的“妨碍实现公平全球化等一系列挑战”，这里译为“不利于实现……”

• the epidemic of violence against women：普遍存在的暴力侵害妇女现象

• gender divide/gender gap: 性别鸿沟/性别差距

• entrench (gender inequality)：[usually passive] (sometimes disapproving) to establish sth very firmly so that it is very difficult to change使处于牢固地位；牢固确立