Advanced Week 213

写在前面的话

“ScalersTalk 口译进阶小组”的前身是“ScalersTalk 交传小组”，成立于 2015 年 2 月，现阶段，小组继续专注高级阶段的交替传译与同声传译训练，在巩固语言基本功的同时训练各类口译技能，从而为承担正式场合的口译打下坚实基础。

本周复盘说明

第 213 周训练的主题为：流行病Pandemics，练习多篇与冠状病毒和流行病相关的复述。复盘日志选自其中一篇日志：How to survive a pandemic? 复述练习步骤：1. 先自己播放一遍视频，做一遍recall，发群语音；之后再播放一遍并重新发一遍复述的语音；2. 对照原文文稿，梳理文章内容，积累词汇和句式；3.再做一到两遍，用刚刚学过的表达讲故事。

第 213 周——知识点整理

段落一

Being a doomsday prepper has its perks. After all, as Benjamin Franklin once said, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Influenza isn’t the only terrible outbreak we’ve had. In just the last 50 years, we’ve seen HIV, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, Ebola and the Zika virus.

解析

• Doomsday: the last day of the world when Christians believe that everyone will be judged by God最后审判日，世界末日（基督教认为在这一天世人都将接受上帝的审判）

• 其他有关末日的表达：

  • Apocalypse: the destruction of the world 世界毁灭

  • Civilization is on the brink of apocalypse. 文明已濒临毁灭的边缘。

  • the Apocalypse[sing.]the end of the world, as described in the Bible （《圣经》所述的）末世

  • an environmental apocalypse 环境大灾变

  • Judgement day：审判日

  • Armageddon： (in the Bible《圣经》)a battle between good and evil at the end of the world世界末日的善恶大决战

  • a terrible war that could destroy the world（足以毁灭世界的）大决战

• prepper：末日生存者，就这样一群人，他们把他们自己称为“准备者”（Prepper），他们时刻怀有过度的忧患意识，做好了各种应对危机的准备；

• An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. 一分预防胜似十分治疗；预防为主，治疗为辅。

• Influenza：a viral infection of the respiratory tract; n. [内科] 流行性感冒（简写flu）；家畜流行性感冒；

  • 禽流感：avian flu; 猪流感：swine flu；甲型流感：Influenza A (H1N1)；

• Zika Virus：寨卡病毒是一种通过蚊虫进行传播的虫媒病毒，宿主不明确，主要在野生灵长类动物和栖息在树上的蚊子，如非洲伊蚊中循环。该病毒最早于1947年偶然通过黄热病监测网络在乌干达寨卡丛林的恒河猴中发现，随后于1952年在乌干达和坦桑尼亚人群中发现。该病毒活动一直比较隐匿，仅在赤道周围的非洲、美洲、亚洲和太平洋地区有寨卡病毒感染散发病例。最早一次暴发流行是2007年发生在西太平洋密克罗尼亚群岛的雅铺岛，更大的一次流行于2013年-2014年发生在大洋洲的法属波利尼西亚，感染了约32000人。

段落二

There’s a new fear that a hostile nation or group could even bioengineer a killer pathogen, to unleash as a weapon. Pretty scary, right? It’s a sobering fact that scientific advances in gene editing and gene sequencing have made such a horror possible. Bioterrorism has the capacity to kill 30 million people a year, according to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. As a society, we are woefully unprepared. As individuals, we have to be prepared to save ourselves and our loved ones.

解析

• woeful: adj.[usually before noun]very bad or serious; that you disapprove of糟糕的；严重的；

• unleash as a weapon释放出来作为一种武器

• Pretty scary, right? 听起来很吓人吧

• scientific advances科学进步

• bioengineer n. 生物工程师，bioengineer a killer pathogen此处为动词，意为“对病原体进行基因改造”

• killer pathogen：致命病原体

• sobering fact：让人警醒的事实

段落三

Well, the first thing you’re gonna want to do is stock up on water and food. It’s a good idea to have at least 2 weeks’ worth. Buy non-perishable foods that don’t need to be cooked or refrigerated. Hopefully, you’re a fan of canned beans, cold soup and canned ham. The only really good news is that in this scenario, you can at least justify feeding your junk food addiction. Hey, chips don’t need refrigeration. As for water, store 4 liters (1 gallon) per person, per day. Some of that is for drinking, some for food prep, some for hygiene, and sanitary uses.

解析

• stock up：PHRASAL VERB If you stock up on something, you buy a lot of it, in case you cannot get it later. 大量储备

• To have at least two weeks’ worth: worth: ( a week's, month's, etc. ~ of sth ) an amount of sth that lasts a week, etc. 能用（一个星期、一个月等）的东西

• justify doing something: verb to show that somebody/ something is right or reasonable证明…正确（或正当、有理）

  • justify feeding your junk food addiction：名正言顺地满足你对垃圾食品的欲望了

• non-perishable food: 不易变质；不易腐烂的食品

段落四

Next, buy a large supply of the prescription medicines you take. Some pandemics can last for years. If you don’t have your meds, that can hurt you even more than the outbreak, or even kill you. Third, prepare for heat and cold. Make sure you don’t rely on modern comforts like furnaces and air conditioners. Get good-quality blinds to keep the sun out, and reduce heat buildup, and make sure you have blankets and warm clothes for cold weather. Fourth, get yourself a face mask. If you want a super-duper cool mask, get the N95 respirator, as it keeps out 95% of particles. A standard face mask is helpful, too. While it doesn’t block out tiny particles, it does reduce your exposure to the disease-spreading water droplets from coughs and sneezes.

解析

• super-duper 英 [,sju:pə'dju:pə] 美 [,sʊpɚ'dʊpɚ] adj. 极出色的；非常好的

• prescription medicines: 处方药

• Modern comforts: 现代化设施

  Comfort: [C, usually pl.]a thing that makes your life easier or more comfortable舒适的设施（或条件）T

• blind：卷帘；窗帘

• heat buildup: 热累积；热量生成

• block out tiny particles: 阻挡细小微粒

• keep the sun out：遮挡太阳

段落五

Fifth, have the equipment and supplies you need for good hygiene, including soap and bandages. Even if your shower still works, using a washcloth will save a lot of water. And sixth, be prepared for chaos. Contrary to popular opinion, it isn’t the virus itself that’s the greatest danger, but the panicked behavior of other people. Fear and civil unrest can be dangerous. As society collapses, you could be in danger of anything from home invasions, to desperate people trying to take your emergency food and water. Stay inside as much as possible, and secure your home with heavy locks. After a pandemic, your world will certainly be different. You may have lost colleagues, friends or even family. Your city will need to rebuild itself. The more self-sufficient you are, the better. Food shortage? Grow your own, even in an apartment. Transport troubles? Take your bike. Life may never be the same, but if you follow this advice, you have a good chance of surviving, according to science.

解析

• washcloth：（洗澡用/洗擦身体的）小毛巾

• panic：可作为名词/动词/形容词，均为恐慌的意思；注意过去时态为：panicked；ing形式为panicking

• civil unrest：国内骚乱；内乱；国内动荡

• be in danger of anything from…to…：因……遇到危险

• home invasion：入室抢劫；入室行窃

• have a good chance of…：有很大几率；有很大可能

• outbreak、epidemic和pandemic的区别：

  • Epidemic流行病：refers to a sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected. 指可以感染众多人口的疾病，但不一定为传染病（infectious/contagious disease）

  • Outbreak疫情、疾病爆发：carries the same definition as an epidemic but is often used to describe a more limited geographic event.在有限地理区域发生的流行病

  • Pandemic大流行病：refers to an epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents, usually affecting a large number of people. 在多国或全世界范围流行的疾病，范围较广。