Advanced Week 225-226 cb
Last updated
Was this helpful?
Last updated
Was this helpful?
“ScalersTalk 口译进阶小组”的前身是“ScalersTalk 交传小组”，成立于 2015 年 2 月，现阶段，小组继续专注高级阶段的交替传译与同声传译训练，在巩固语言基本功的同时训练各类口译技能，从而为承担正式场合的口译打下坚实基础。
第225周训练的主题为：新版CATTI口译二级教材第二单元“经济论坛”。汉译英练习的是副总理胡春华在世界经济论坛东盟会议开幕式上的致辞。小组成员主要利用该材料练习了交替传译、同声传译和限时视译，并学习原文的词汇、表达和句型句式。设备建议：你需要电脑或手机播放音频、手机发送语音。
当前，世界经济总体回暖上行，但不稳定不确定因素在增加，特别是个别国家采取保护主义和单边主义措施，严重破坏了以规则为基础的多边贸易体制，成为影响世界经济的最突出风险。 面对错综复杂的形势，中国愿同东盟和世界各国一道，抓住新工业革命的机遇，共同应对挑战，推动构建创新、开放、联动、包容的世界经济。
Now the world economy is picking up, but uncertainties and destabilizing factors are on the rise, particularly as some individual country's protectionist and unilateral measures are gravely undermining the rules-based multilateral trading regime, posing a most serious hazard to the world economy. In such a complex environment, China stands ready to work with ASEAN and other countries across the world to seize the opportunity of the new industrial revolution, meet the challenges together and help develop an innovative, open, interconnected and inclusive global economy.
解析
不稳定因素：destabilizing factors；
世界经济总体回暖上行：the world economy is picking up；
pick up (verb)：贸易或经济好转，改善；If trade or the economy of a country picks up, it improves. Pickup (noun): ~ (in sth) an improvement 改进；好转；改善:a pickup in the housing market 房市景气的好转；
保护主义和单边主义措施：protectionist and unilateral measures；
严重破坏了 ：gravely undermine something；
以规则为基础的多边贸易体制：rules-based multilateral trading regime；
成为……的突出风险：pose a serious hazard to…；Verb + Hazard 的搭配：cause / create / pose present hazards to…；
联动的世界经济：the interconnected world economy
一是坚持开放共赢。历史经验表明，自我封闭没有出路，开放合作才是正确的选择。当今世界正变得“越来越小”，各国利益和命运紧密相连。我们要旗帜鲜明地反对保护主义和单边主义，坚定地支持多边主义，维护开放型世界经济和多边贸易体制，促进贸易和投资自由化、便利化。
First, we need to uphold openness and mutual benefits. What we could learn from the history is that self-isolation will lead nowhere and only openness for all represents the right way forward. In an increasingly "smaller" world, the interests and future of all countries are closely intertwined. We must categorically reject protectionism and unilateralism, firmly support multilateralism, uphold the open world economy and multilateral trading regime, and promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation.
解析
坚持开放共赢：uphold openness and mutual benefits；
历史经验表明：what we can learn from history is that；
开放合作才是正确的选择：openness for all represents the right way forward；
自我封闭没有出路：self-isolation will lead nowhere；
当今世界正变得“越来越小”，各国利益和命运紧密相连。In an increasingly smaller world, the interest and future of all countries are closely intertwined.
这句话包括两个完整的分句，翻译为中文时合为一句，因为重点在后一句，可改变前半部分句子成分，将“当今世界正变得越来越小”译为短语“in an increasingly smaller world”；
各国的利益和命运紧密相连：future of all countries are closely intertwined；
这里的“命运”应为“future”，不宜译为“destiny”，后者意思为：what happens to sb or what will happen to them in the future, especially things that they cannot change or avoid，更多的是表示一种命中注定、天意如此的结果，带有一丝宗教色彩。同理，“人类命运共同体”应为“a community of shared future for mankind”；
旗帜鲜明地反对：categorically reject something (categorically: expressed clearly and in a way that shows that you are very sure about what you are saying)；近义词：decisively; strongly; firmly; resolutely；
促进贸易和投资自由化、便利化：promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation
二是加强创新引领。创新是引领发展的第一动力，只有坚持创新驱动，才能成为新工业革命的领跑者，经济发展才能长盛不衰。我们要加快推进结构性改革，创新发展理念、政策手段和增长方式，推进新旧动能接续转换，挖掘世界经济的长期增长潜力。
Second, we need to promote innovation-driven development. Innovation is the first and foremost driving force for development. Only with a strong commitment to innovation-driven development can countries become front-runners in the new industrial revolution and achieve lasting economic prosperity. We need to accelerate structural reform, make innovative improvement on development visions, policy measures and growth models, advance the replacement of old growth drivers, and unlock the potential of world economic growth in the long run.
解析
加强创新引领：promote innovation-driven development；
发展的第一动力：the first and foremost driving force of development；
成为新工业革命的领跑者：become fore-runners in the new industrial revolution；
经济发展才能长盛不衰：achieve lasting economic prosperity；
加快推进：accelerate；加快和推进意思相近，只需翻译其中一个即可；
推进新旧动能接续转换：advance the replacement of old growth drivers；
挖掘世界经济的长期增长潜力：unlock the potential of world economic growth in the long run
表示挖掘/释放潜力时，Verb + potential的搭配：develop, exploit, explore, unlock, unleash They were among the first companies to exploit the ~ of the Internet. | achieve, fulfil/fulfill, maximize, reach, realize his dream of fulfilling his true ~
三是促进包容增长。我们要将自身发展与联合国2030年可持续发展议程有效对接，加强宏观政策协调，加大教育、医疗、就业等民生领域的投入，让经济增长和技术进步惠及更多国家和群体，不断增强人民的幸福感。
Third, we need to pursue inclusive growth. We need to build synergy between our own development and the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. We need to strengthen macro policy coordination. We need to increase input in education, health care and job creation to deliver the benefits of economic growth and technological advance to more countries and more groups of people and continuously enable our people to enjoy a happier life.
解析
促进包容增长：pursue inclusive growth；
A与B有效对接：build synergy between A and B；integrate A with B；
让经济增长和技术进步惠及更多国家和群体：deliver the benefits of economic growth and technological advance to more countries and more groups of people；
注意用作名词时，advance和advancement的区别：简单来说，advance 搭配 in，表示具体的进展，复数为advances，而advancement后搭配of，表示所发生的整体进展，是不可数名词：
advance~ (in) : progress or a development in a particular activity or area of understanding进步；进展；例句：We live in an age of rapid technological advance. advancement~(of) : the process of helping something to make progress or succeed; the progress that is made促进；推动；发展；前进: the advancement of knowledge / education / science 知识/教育/科学的发展； 例句：Many advances in science contribute to the advancement of science.
“ScalersTalk 口译进阶小组”的前身是“ScalersTalk 交传小组”，成立于 2015 年 2 月，现阶段，小组继续专注高级阶段的交替传译与同声传译训练，在巩固语言基本功的同时训练各类口译技能，从而为承担正式场合的口译打下坚实基础。
本周复盘的内容是拉加德总裁在韩国金融界女性网的主旨演讲。
It is my honor to address the International Conference on Women’s Empowerment in Financial Services. Thank you—Sang-Kyung Kim and the Korean Network of Women in Finance—for your warm welcome.Your goal to promote gender diversity in the financial sector is critical.
Indeed, empowering women is not just the right moral choice; it is also the right macroeconomic choice. That is why many of us care—including the IMF. Helping women participate in the economy boosts growth, diversifies economies, reduces income inequality, and mitigates demographic change.
These factors are relevant across the globe—but especially here in Korea. Think, in particular, about growth.
能够在金融服务业女性赋权国际大会上讲话，我深感荣幸。感谢金相京和韩国金融界女性网络的热烈欢迎。你们在金融界促进性别多样化的目标至关重要。实际上赋权女性不仅是道义上的正确选择，也是宏观经济上的正确的选择。正因如此，才有包括国际货币基金组织在内的许多人士关心这项工作。通过帮助女性参与经济将促进增长使经济呈现多样性，减少收入不平等和减缓人口变化，这些问题在全球范围内都很重要，但在韩国尤其如此，特别是对经济增长来说意义重大。
demographic change 人口变化
For the last five years, the working-age population increased by 200,000 every year, boosting growth by 0.7 percentage points. Over the next five years, the workforce will shrink by 100,000 a year, subtracting 0.2 percentage points from growth. Enabling more women to work can dramatically alleviate the adverse effects of demographic change.There has never been a more critical time for Korea to invest in women. This challenge is the focus of my remarks.
First, despite progress, further actions are needed—by government and society—to help women participate in the economy; Second, from the corporate perspective, more ambitious steps are required to harness the substantial dividends from having more women in senior positions.
过去五年，适龄工作人口每年都会增加200,000，带动0.7%的增长。未来五年工作人口每年将会减少100,000，增长速度下降0.2%。让更多的女性能够参加工作可以大大减少人口变化的负面影响。现在，韩国向女性投资比以往更紧要。这一挑战是我演讲的重点。首先，虽然取得了进步。政府和社会需要更多的努力，帮助女性参与经济。第二，从公司角度来讲，还需要更大胆的措施，让女性参与到高层管理工作中，从而获益。
这一段数字信息密集，需集中注意力。
Let me start with Korea’s progress. The proportion of women in the workforce—the female labor force participation rate—has increased from 46 percent in 1980 to 58 percent in 2016.Between 1990 and 2010, the share of women in regular jobs rose from 20 to 40 percent. On the global stage, many Korean women are shining—figure-skaters; musicians; golfers like Park Sung-hyun, recent champion of the U.S. Women’s Open. Yet, Korea still has one of the lowest rates of female labor force participation in the OECD— 20 percentage points below the best performers. Women are paid about 37 percent less than men. Females take up just 2 percent of senior management positions—compared to the OECD average of 20 percent.
With many women leaving the workforce in their 30s to have families, they typically miss a decade or more of prime working life. Re-entering the workforce is a challenge. For those who do, opportunities can be limited. Many take non-regular jobs, or never reach the next rung on the career ladder.The good news is that steps are being taken to remove these barriers.
我首先从韩国取得的进步说起。女性在劳动力中的比重，即女性的劳动力参与率，已经从1980年的46%上升到了2016年的50% 。1990年至2010年期间，女性在正式就业人数中的比重，从20%增加到40%。在全球舞台上有着很多光彩耀人的韩国女性，包括花样滑冰选手，音乐家和最近赢得女美国女子公开赛冠军的朴成炫这样的高尔夫球员。
然而，韩国依然是经合组织中女性劳动力参与率最低的国家之一，比表现最好的国家低20%。女性的薪酬比男性低大约37%，女性在高管职位中的比率仅为2%。相比之下，经合组织的平均比例为20%。
很多女性在三十几岁时便离开工作岗位去组建家庭，因此错过了10年甚至更长时间的黄金工作时段。重新就业并不容易，对那些再次进入劳动力市场的女性来说，机会是有限的。很多人从事非正式工作，或职位永远升不上去。可喜的是，政府正在采取措施消除这些障碍。
shining有同学翻译成了熠熠生辉是不太合适的
*reach the next rung on the career ladder.升职。
to have families,很容易被翻译成成家立业，这里立业是错误的。根本没有业可立。
As the Korean proverb goes: “Beginning is half the task.”Korea has had legally-compulsory gender budgeting for over a decade. It is one of only a few countries that collect and analyze gender-disaggregated data to assess the effectiveness of its approach.
Building on this, parental leave provisions have been expanded, and investments made in childcare. Steps have been taken to help mothers return to work after an absence, alongside efforts to make workplaces more family-friendly. These priorities have been part of the IMF’s discussions with the government for several years.
Most recently, President Moon has honored his pledge for women to take up 30 percent of his Cabinet. The government is planning other crucial steps. These include making 175 employment centers available to women seeking work, and letting mothers work reduced hours for an extended period.
正如韩国英语说的那样好的开头即是成功的一半。十几年来，韩国一直在法律上强制实施性别预算，韩国是为数不多的收集，并分析以性别分类的数据，以评估性别预算效果的几个国家之一。
韩国在此基础上扩大了育婴假的范围，并增加了儿童保育方面的投资，韩国也采取了措施帮助母亲能在离职一段时间后重返工作岗位，同时努力使工作场所变得更为家庭友好。过去几年国际货币基金组织一与韩国政府就上述优先事项等问题开展了讨论，最后文在晏总统履行了承诺，使女性在他的内阁中占到30%的席位，政府正在规划其他重要措施，包括为求职女性提供175个就业中心已延长母亲享受缩短工时的待遇。
honored his pledge 履行了承诺
parental leave provisions 扩大了育婴假的范围
Further efforts are needed, including to strengthen childcare, flexible working, and job search and training support. These can pay big dividends.
An IMF study looked at the potential impact of reforming secondary earner taxation, increasing childcare benefits, and boosting tax incentives for part-time work. It estimated that these reforms could help increase female labor force participation by 8 percentage points over the medium term—reducing the gap between male and female participation by one-third.
我们还需要开展更多的工作，这包括完善儿童保育，灵活的工作时间，以及求职培训支持，这些努力都将带来显著成效。国际货币基金组织的一项研究着眼于改革第二收入者的税收、增加育儿福利和提高非全日制工作税收优惠带来的潜在影响。据估计，这些改革有助于女性劳动力参与率在中期内提高8%，从而把男女参与率之间的差距缩小三分之一。
pay big dividen 带来显著成效
boosting tax incentives for part-time work（改革/利用税收，鼓励兼职）
8 percentage points 这里应该是8个百分点而不是8%
