Advanced Week 57

写在前面的话

“ScalersTalk口译进阶小组”的前身是“ScalersTalk交传小组”，该小组成立于2015年2月，目前已完成虐口译训练（《英语三级口译实务》教材篇章精练与复盘）、口译通关训练（《英语二级口译实务》教材篇章精练与复盘以及口译进阶训练（英汉同声传译入门、政府工作报告汉英视译、英汉语言刻意训练）。2017年1月1日，小组正式更名为“ScalersTalk口译进阶小组，专注高级阶段的交替传译与同声传译训练。我们针对英译汉开展融“交替传译”、“无稿同传”、“限时视译”于一体的模块训练，汉译英部分将通过“反向进英”练习夯实成员的语言基础并继续通过政府工作报告汉译英帮助成员积累背景知识和有关中国各方面发展的表达。

本周复盘说明

2017年的英译中采用分话题练习的形式。每月确定一个主题。本月主题为经济发展（一般主题），材料选自世界经济论坛。讲者有阿里巴巴创始人马云、英国首相特丽莎·梅、刚刚卸任的美国副总统拜登以及国际货币基金组织总裁克里斯蒂娜·拉加德，帮助大家通过在巩固口译技巧的同时从不同角度了解世界经济和发展的现状及趋势。

本周英译汉的练习材料是英国首相特丽莎·梅在2017年达沃斯世界经济论坛上的演讲的英文视频（资料网址http://t.cn/RJGMGqt），内容主要包含四部分：Brexit脱欧、Global Britain英国的全球性角色、Economic reform经济改革和Social reform社会改革 。小组成员利用本材料练习了英汉交替传译、同声传译和限时视译，并学习原文的词汇、表达和句型句式。汉译英部分为政府工作报告视译练习。我们学习了相关表达、积累了领域知识。本日志为本周练习的英译汉部分，及第57周政府工作报告的汉译英。

第57周英译汉——会议发言知识点整理

本周default整理

(有关default的说明请点击“阅读原文”参考进阶训练第33周日志)

• self-determination 自决

• turn back on 背叛

• shy away from 避开

• claim to 宣称

• far left and far right parties极左极右翼政党

• cement 巩固

• embark on 开始

• heritage 传统/遗产

• embrace 接受

• root out 根除

• business 企业/工商界

• outsource 外包

• undercut 减少

• governance 治理

• institution 体制

段落一

For a little over six months ago, millions of my fellow citizens upset the odds by voting – with determination and quiet resolve – to leave the European Union and embrace the world.

参考译文

6个月前，数百万英国人民推动了变革，通过投票决定离开欧盟，拥抱世界。

解析

• upset the odds 意为make a difference，“做出改变”或“推动变革”。

• by voting - with determination and quiet resolve 将“by”译成“通过”时，一定要将句子被充完整：“通过……实现改变”。“determination and quiet resolve”名词译成动词，且两个词意义相近，译其一即可。

段落二

So while it would have been easy for the British people to shy away from taking such a path, they fixed their eyes on that brighter future and chose a bold, ambitious course instead.

参考译文

尽管英国人民可以避开这条道路，但他们关注的是更好的未来，选择了大胆、雄心勃勃的道路。

解析

• while it would have been easy for the British people to shy away from taking such a path一句的“while”表转折，译作“尽管”；shy away意为“避开（责任）”。

• focus on关注的是

• chose…course意为“选择……道路”

段落三

That is why we are among the most racially diverse countries in Europe, one of the most multicultural members of the European Union, and why – whether we are talking about India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, America, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, countries in Africa, Asia or those that are closer to home in Europe – so many of us have close friends and relatives from across the world.

参考译文

因此我们是种族最多元化的欧洲国家，是文化最多元化的欧盟成员。谈到了、印度、巴基斯坦、孟加拉国、美国、澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰、非洲国家、亚洲国家及我们附近的欧洲国家——我们有亲密的朋友和亲人，遍及天下。

解析

• 本小段第一句原文较松散，需着眼关键词“racially diverse”、“multicultural members”。

• 原文出现“why”、“whether”等疑问词时先不译，直接译后面的内容。

• talk about谈到

• “are closer to home”中的“home”实指“Britain”，译作“距离（我们）很近的”或者“我们附近的”。

• from across the world 遍及世界/天下

段落四

That is why, as I said in my speech on Tuesday, I want the UK to emerge from this period of change as a truly Global Britain – the best friend and neighbour to our European partners, but a country that reaches beyond the borders of Europe too; a country that gets out into the world to build relationships with old friends and new allies alike.

参考译文

因此，正如我周二所说的，我希望英国变成一个真正的全球化的国家，成为最好的朋友和邻居，与欧洲为伴。同时也要超越欧洲走向世界，构建关系，团结老朋友和新同盟。

解析

• 译文时用词尽量简洁。

• to our European partners 译作“与欧洲为伴”

• reaches beyond 超越

• get out into 进入

• “build relationships with old friends and new allies alike”中的介词转成动词，译作“联合/团结”，即“构建关系，联合/团结老朋友和新同盟。”

段落五

A Global Britain is no less British because we are a hub for foreign investment. Indeed, our biggest manufacturer, Tata, is Indian – and you still can’t get more British than a Jaguar or a Land Rover.

参考译文

全球化的英国会保持本色/不会褪色，因为，我们是枢纽，欢迎外国投资。 我们最大的制造商Tata是印度公司。最具英国特色的还有捷豹或路虎。

解析

• “A Global Britain is no less British”译作“全球化的英国会保持本色/不会褪色。”

• a hub for foreign investment to our European partners 介词for转成动词，译作“欢迎/聚集外国投资”

• reaches beyond 超越

• get out into 进入

• more British 更具英国本色

段落六

And for business, it means doing even more to spread those benefits to more people. It means playing by the same rules as everyone else when it comes to tax and behaviour, because in the UK trust in business runs at just 35% among those in the lowest income brackets. And it means putting aside short-term considerations and investing in people and communities for the long-term.

参考译文

对于企业来说，这意味着要让发展成果惠及更多人。也意味着遵循同样的规则，在税收和行为方面尤为如此。因为在英国对企业的信任率只有35%，收入最低的群体的情况是这样。也意味着将短期考虑放一边，投资人民和社区，做长远打算。

解析

• “spread those benefits to more people”译作“让发展成果/好处惠及更多人”

• “It means playing by the same rules as everyone else when it comes to tax and behavior”中的“playing by the same rules”译为“遵循同样的规则”，其后的“when it comes to tax and behavior”需补充完整，将话说完，即“在税收和行为方面尤为如此”。

• “because in the UK trust in business runs at just 35% among those in the lowest income brackets”处理时可切分成两部份，即in the UK trust in business runs at just 35%，译作“因为在英国对企业的信任率只有35%”；“among those in the lowest income brackets”需补充完整，将话说完，即“收入最低的群体的情况/的统计数字是这样”。

段落七

Businesses large and small are the backbone of our economies, and enterprise is the engine of our prosperity. That is why Britain is – and will always be – open for business: open to investment, in our companies, infrastructure, universities and entrepreneurs. Open to those who want to buy our goods and services. And open to talent and opportunities, from the arts to technology, finance to manufacturing.

参考译文

企业，不论大小都是我们的经济支柱，是繁荣的引擎。因此英国一直向企业开放，欢迎投资，投资于企业、基础设施、高校、企业家；欢迎那些想购买我们产品和服务的人，欢迎人才和机遇，艺术、技术、金融和制造业的机遇我们都欢迎。

解析

• is – and will always be 一直是

• open to investment，in our companies欢迎投资，投资于企业（介词转动）

第57周汉译英——政府工作报告知识点整理

段落一

推进新型城镇化和农业现代化，促进城乡区域协调发展。缩小城乡区域差距，既是调整经济结构的重点，也是释放发展潜力的关键。要深入推进以人为核心的新型城镇化，实现1亿左右农业转移人口和其他常住人口在城镇落户，完成约1亿人居住的棚户区和城中村改造，引导约1亿人在中西部地区就近城镇化。到2020年，常住人口城镇化率达到60%、户籍人口城镇化率达到45%。

参考译文

We should make progress in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions. Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment; it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential. We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization. This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and “villages” in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions. By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China’s population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.

解析

• “左右农业转移人口”解读为“居住在城市的农村人口”，译作“people with rural household registration living in urban areas”。

• “在中西部地区就近城镇化”解读为“让其居住在当地城镇”，译作“enabling … rural residents to live in local towns and cities”。

• “到2020年，常住人口城镇化率达到60%、户籍人口城镇化率达到45%”中的“城镇化率”解读为“城镇人数应占中国总人数的比重”，因而切忌译作“urbanization rate”，整句译作“By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China’s population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.”

段落二

实施一批水利、农机、现代种业等工程，推动农业适度规模经营和区域化布局、标准化生产、社会化服务。

参考译文

We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services.

解析

• “社会化服务”解读为“将现代化农业推广出去，使农业实现产业化、商业化”，译作“commercial agricultural services”。

段落三

到2020年，粮食等主要农产品供给和质量安全得到更好保障，农业现代化水平明显提高。以区域发展总体战略为基础，以“三大战略”为引领，形成沿海沿江沿线经济带为主的纵向横向经济轴带，培育一批辐射带动力强的城市群和增长极。加强重大基础设施建设，高铁营业里程达到3万公里、覆盖80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通车里程约3万公里，实现城乡宽带网络全覆盖。

参考译文

By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, and notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture. Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas. We should also expand major infrastructure projects. The high-speed railways in service will cover 30,000 kilometers and link more than 80% of big cities in China. We’ll build or upgrade around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieve/realize full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.

解析

• “农业现代化水平明显提高”解读为“农业现代化取得重大进展”，译作“make great achievements/progress/headway”。

• ‘以区域发展总体战略为基础，以“三大战略”为引领’。本句重点在于添补主语，实词开句，译作 “the general strategy should be our bases and the Three Initiatives should be our guidance”或“The general strategy should be the basis for our regional development and we need to act with the guidance of the Three Initiatives.”

• “纵向横向经济轴带”中的“纵向横向”解读为“南北向和东西向”，译作“north-south and east-west”。

• “加强重大基础设施建设，//高铁营业里程达到3万公里、覆盖80%以上的大城市，//新建改建高速公路通车里程约3万公里，实现城乡宽带网络全覆盖。”口译时可以切分成几个小句，如//所示，译出时先补上主语，整句译作“The high-speed railways in service will cover 30,000 kilometers and link more than 80% of big cities in China. We’ll build or upgrade around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieve/realize full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.”

• 中英口译时，重要的技巧为实词开句，抓住句子的主谓宾。