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ScalersTalk笔译专练小组第92周训练日志
备战5月CATTI笔译训练营，主要针对今年上半年的CATTI二笔、三笔考试。训练营以持续行动为基调，对笔译持续强化训练。猛火力，高强度，玩命虐，连续训练两个月，让你的进步刹不住车，够胆你就来。测试链接在 完成任务后请以word文档的形式发送到scalerstalktrans@163.com，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。
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笔译训练小组每周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员。
下面是笔译训练群的第九十二周（2017.01.23-2017.01.29）训练日志。
HOLLYWOOD has produced plenty of films about underdogs rising to claim the limelight. Now Los Angeles is experiencing its own real-life Cinderella story, as the area’s technology scene has been transformed from backwater to boomtown in just a few years. Hordes of venture capitalists from northern California, once long dismissive of their southern neighbour, now regularly commute in search of deals in a less heavily hunted spot than the Bay Area. In 2016 the city’s startups received around $3bn in funding, around six times more than in 2012, according to CB Insights, a research firm.
Evan Spiegel went to Stanford University in the heart of Silicon Valley, but he wanted to live and work close to the sea. So he based his new company one block from the Pacific in Venice Beach, which is better known in Los Angeles for its silicone-enhanced bodies than the silicon chips that gave the Valley its name.
好莱坞拍摄众多失败者“逆袭”为题材的影片。如今，洛杉矶自己正上演着一场自身的现实版灰姑娘的童话故事——在短短几年间，该地区完成了从技术荒村到科技重镇的转变。如今大批来自北加利福尼亚的风险投资家们一改往日对这个南部邻居的轻视，定期穿梭于两地之间，在这个还未及旧金山湾区那样深度挖掘的地区寻求投资机会。据市场研究机构CB Insights 估算，2016年，洛杉矶初创企业共获投资约30亿美元，较2012年的总额多出近6倍。
埃文斯皮格尔（Evan Spiegel）曾就读于地处硅谷中心地带的斯坦福大学，但他想在海边生活和工作。因此，他将新公司的总部设于距太平洋仅一区之隔的威尼斯海滩。在洛杉矶，比起让硅谷得名的硅芯片，这片海滩更以硅树脂加工部件而闻名。
underdog 处于劣势的人(或团队、国家等)；弱者；比赛前不被看好者: Before the game we were definitely the underdogs. 我们在赛前绝对不被看好。
limelight 公众注意的中心: to be in the limelight 成为公众注目的中心
base(v.)以…为据点(或大本营等)；把(总部等)设在: They decided to base the new company in York. 他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在约克郡。
dismissive 轻蔑的，轻视的；
“underdog”不知道可不可以翻译成“屌丝”；
注意base这里用作动词。
当前，围绕经济全球化有很多讨论，支持者有之，质疑者亦有之。总体而言，经济全球化符合经济规律，符合各方利益。同时，经济全球化是一把双刃剑，既为全球发展提供强劲动能，也带来一些新情况新挑战，需要认真面对。新一轮科技和产业革命正孕育兴起，国际分工体系加速演变，全球价值链深度重塑，这些都给经济全球化赋予新的内涵。
There is now heated debate about economic globalization, which has both supporters and skeptics. In my view, economic globalization is in keeping with the law of economics and delivers benefits to all. On the other hand, it is a double-edged sword. While driving global development, it has also created new problems and challenges that need to be dealt with. Globally, a new round of scientific, technological and industrial revolution is in the making, change in international division of labor is accelerating and global value chains are being reshaped. All these developments have added new dimensions to economic globalization.
质疑者 skeptics；
符合经济规律 be in keeping with the law of economics;
双刃剑 a double-edged sword；
国际分工体系 international division of labor；
记得《中式英语之鉴》这本书里曾经说过我们在翻译时要透彻理解英文词汇的含义，不要重复翻译，比如“深度重塑”没必要翻译成“highly reshape”，因为“reshape”已经包含了“彻底改变，深度改变”之意。
Mr Spiegel’s firm, Snap, is best known for its ephemeral Snapchat social-media messages and is now valued at a whopping $18bn. Other successful technology firms are thriving nearby, including Dollar Shave Club, an e-commerce firm recently sold to Unilever for $1bn; Ring, a “smart” doorbell company, and Riot Games, maker of “League of Legends”, a popular online multiplayer contest.
Los Angeles is now the third-most-prominent outpost for startups in America, after San Francisco and New York. It has several advantages, including good universities, warm weather, a relaxed culture, proximity to San Francisco and much lower costs. Michael Schneider, the boss of Service, a customer-relations startup, reckons he would need to have raised at least 40% more money if based in San Francisco, “just to pay for the same space and people”.
斯皮尔格的公司Snap因其开发的“阅后即焚”社交媒体应用Snapchat而广为人知，目前估值高达180亿美元。其它一些成功的科技公司也同样活跃在这片区域附近，包括近期联合利华以10亿美元收购的男性护肤品电商Dollar Shave Club，智能门铃公司Ring以及目前流行的网游《英雄联盟》（League of Legends）制作公司Riot Games。
洛杉矶目前被评为全美第三大创业社区，仅次于旧金山和纽约。洛杉矶具备多项优势：气候温和，优质大学集聚，文化十分休闲，临近旧金山，同时成本更加低。客户关系初创企业Service的老板迈克尔•施内德（Michael Schneider）认为，如果将公司建在旧金山，同样的场地和雇员将会多耗费至少40%的费用。
ephemeral 短暂的，瞬息的；
whopping 巨大的；
outpost 〔通常作为军营或贸易点而建的〕边远村落，偏远居民区；
这两段话难度不大，注意积累新词“阅后即焚”。
我们应该根据各自国情采取必要的财政和货币政策，促进全球经济增长，维护国际市场稳定。主要发达经济体要努力巩固和扩大复苏势头。新兴市场国家和发展中国家则要努力克服下行风险和压力，保持和恢复增长。在这一过程中，各方应该特别注意加强彼此政策的沟通和协调，防止负面外溢效应。在世界经济中举足轻重的大国，则更需要在制定宏观经济政策时充分考虑对他国的影响，提高透明度。中国将继续作出自己的努力。
We should take necessary fiscal and monetary policies in line with our respective national conditions to drive global growth and maintain market stability in the world. Major developed economies should consolidate and strengthen the momentum of recovery, while emerging markets and developing countries should overcome downward risks and pressure to keep growth on track. In this process, the parties should pay particular attention to the communication and coordination of their respective policies in order to avoid negative spillovers. For major countries who carry significant weight in the world economy, it is all the more necessary for them to take into full consideration the impact of their macroeconomic policies on others and increase the transparency of their policy-making process. China will continue to make its own efforts toward this end.
财政和货币政策fiscal and monetary policies；
努力克服下行风险和压力 overcome downward risks and pressure；
保持和恢复增长 keep growth on track；
负面外溢效应 negative spillovers；
充分考虑 take into full consideration
所谓溢出效应(Spillover Effect)，是指一个组织在进行某项活动时，不仅会产生活动所预期的效果，而且会对组织之外的人或社会产生的影响。
Although Los Angeles has fewer experienced engineers, those that are there tend to be more loyal, not least because there are fewer firms out to poach them. Startups can convince people to move. Ophir Tanz of GumGum, an advertising startup, says he has recruited several employees looking for a more balanced life away from cities like New York and San Francisco.Los Angeles may at last be getting the attention it deserves. “The original monetisation of the internet was created here, not Silicon Valley,” says Mark Suster, a venture capitalist with Upfront Ventures, referring to pioneers such as Applied Semantics, bought by Google. But for Los Angeles to establish itself as an enduring place for startups, it needs Snapchat to continue to thrive and go public, which could happen as soon as next year.
虽然洛杉矶没有那么多经验丰富的工程师，但是，现有的工程师们却更显得加忠诚，一个重要原因是这里“挖墙脚”的公司较少。初创企业能够促使人们迁居。广告创业公司GumGum的Ophir Tanz称，公司目前招收了一些希望在纽约和旧金山等城市之外寻求更加平衡的生活的员工。洛杉矶最终或将得到它应得的关注。Upfront Ventures公司的风险投资人马克苏斯特（Mark Suster）认为，最初的互联网盈利模式创建于洛杉矶而并非硅谷。这里他所提及的创业先驱是指Google收购的Applied Semantics。不过，对洛杉矶来说，要想持续地吸引初创公司，就需要Snapchat继续保持兴旺且公开上市，而这最快有望于明年实现。
poach 盗用，挖走（人员）；
go public 上市；
monetisation of the internet 互联网的盈利模式；
monetisation of the internet 译者翻译成了“互联网的盈利模式”，monetize本意是“使货币化”，我觉得译者这么处理还是不错的。
“这是最好的时代，也是最坏的时代”，英国文学家狄更斯曾这样描述工业革命发生后的世界。今天，我们也生活在一个矛盾的世界之中。一方面，物质财富不断积累，科技进步日新月异，人类文明发展到历史最高水平。另一方面，地区冲突频繁发生，恐怖主义、难民潮等全球性挑战此起彼伏，贫困、失业、收入差距拉大，世界面临的不确定性上升。
“It was the best of times, it was the worst of times.” These are the words used by the English writer Charles Dickens to describe the world after the Industrial Revolution. Today, we also live in a world of contradictions. On the one hand, with growing material wealth and advances in science and technology, human civilization has developed as never before. On the other hand, frequent regional conflicts, global challenges like terrorism and refugees, as well as poverty, unemployment and widening income gap have all added to the uncertainties of the world.
人类文明发展到历史最高水平 human civilization has developed as never before；
收入差距拉大 widening income gap；
“这是最好的时代，也是最坏的时代”，当年大一上第一节高级英语课，老师为了鼓励我们阅读原著，就给我们背了这句话。
A PICTURE is said to be worth a thousand words. That metaphor might be expected to pertaina fortiori in the case of scientific papers, where a figure can brilliantly illuminate an idea that might otherwise be baffling. Papers with figures in them should thus be easier to grasp than those without. They should therefore reach larger audiences and, in turn, be more influential simply by virtue of being more widely read. But are they? Bill Howe and his colleagues at the University of Washington, in Seattle, decided to find out.
有种说法叫“一图抵千字”。在只有用图表才能清楚阐明复杂概念的科学论文中，这种说法显得尤为恰当。有图表的论文比没有图表的论文更易于理解。因此，它们的受众更为广泛，从而，这类论文仅仅因为更为广泛的阅读量就能获得更大的影响力。但是事实真的如此吗？比尔•豪（Bill Howe）和他在西雅图华盛顿大学的同事们决定一探究竟。
pertaina 存在，适用；
a fortiori 更有理由，理由更充分；
baffling 难解的，令人困惑的；
a fortiori 这是个固定表达，注意积累。
第四，坚持推进互联互通。互联互通的根本目的，是使亚太经济血脉更加通畅，从而扩大经济社会发展潜力。互联互通要注重基础设施、制度规章、人员交流三位一体，并行推动政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通。要通过互联互通对接各国发展战略和规划，找准优先领域和项目。
Fourth, we must promote connectivity. Connectivity will make the Asia-Pacific economy more vibrant, which will in turn increase potential in economic and social development. It focuses on infrastructure, rules and institutions and personnel movement, and calls for progress in policy communication, infrastructure linkage, trade flow, financing arrangements and friendly exchanges between the people. Through connectivity efforts, countries can align their national development strategies, plans and programs, and identify priority areas and projects.
使亚太经济血脉更加通畅 make the Asia-Pacific economy more vibrant；
设施联通 infrastructure linkage；
资金融通 financing arrangements；
民心相通 friendly exchanges between the people；
文中有一些比喻说法，一定要注意准确理解原文含义之后再下笔翻译。
First, they trained a computer algorithm to distinguish between various sorts of figures—which they defined as diagrams, equations, photographs, plots (such as bar charts and scatter graphs) and tables. They exposed their algorithm to between 400 and 600 images of each of these types of figure until it could distinguish them with an accuracy greater than 90%. Then they set it loose on the more-than-650,000 papers (containing more than 10m figures) stored on PubMed Central, an online archive of biomedical-research articles.
首先，他们设计了一套用来区分不同类型图表的计算机算法，将图表分为示意图、方程式、照片、统计图（例如柱状图和散点图）和表格。他们分别使用了各种类型的图表400-600张来测试他们的算法，直到这种算法区分各类图表的准确率高于90%。然后他们将这种算法应用于生物医学学术论文在线数据库公共医学文献检索服务系统PubMed Central中的65万多篇论文（内含一千多万图表）。
computer algorithm 计算机算法；
bar charts 柱状图；
scatter graphs 散点图；
equation 方程式；
这一段难度不大，可以积累些数学方面的词汇。
我们将坚持对台工作大政方针，巩固两岸坚持“九二共识”、反对“台独”的政治基础，保持两岸关系和平发展正确方向。努力推进两岸协商对话，推动经济互利融合，加强基层和青少年交流。依法保护台湾同胞权益，让更多民众分享两岸关系和平发展成果。我们期待两岸同胞不断增进了解互信，密切骨肉亲情，拉近心理距离，为实现祖国和平统一贡献力量。我们坚信，两岸关系和平发展是不可阻挡、不可逆转的历史潮流。
We will adhere to our policies concerning Taiwan and work to strengthen the political foundation of both sides of the Straits, upholding the 1992 Consensus and opposing the independence of Taiwan, and keep cross-Straits relations on the right course in peaceful development. We will strive to make progress in discussion and dialogue between the two sides of the Straits, advance cross-Straits economic integration for mutual benefit, and promote local and youth exchanges. We will protect the rights and interests of our compatriots from Taiwan in accordance with the law, and see that the fruits of peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations benefit more people. We hope that our compatriots on both sides of the Straits will continue to strengthen mutual understanding and trust, deepen their bonds of kinship, bring hearts and minds closer together, and work together to achieve China’s peaceful reunification. We are firmly confident that the peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations is a historical trend that can be neither resisted nor reversed.
九二共识 the 1992 Consensus；
两岸关系 cross-Straits relations；
密切骨肉亲情 deepen their bonds of kinship；
不可阻挡、不可逆转的历史潮流 a historical trend that can be neither resisted nor reversed；
文中有很多成语或四字格的词汇，翻译此类词汇要注意分解词汇含义后在进行翻译。
This is a testing time. Almost a decade on, the world is still reeling from the fallout of the global financial crisis. China faces its fair share of challenges, but we choose to confront them head on.
这是一个充满考验的时代。国际金融危机爆发近十年后，世界经济仍未能完全摆脱其负面影响，中国也面临不少挑战。但我们选择迎难而上。
reeling from the fallout of the global financial crisis 摆脱金融危机的负面影响；
Above all, we remain convinced that economic openness serves everyone better, at home and abroad. The world is a community of shared destiny. It’s far preferable for countries to trade goods and services and bond through investment partnerships than to trade barbs and build barriers. Should differences arise, it behooves us all to discuss them with respect and a keen sense of equality.
我们坚信，开放的经济符合各方利益，对中国如此，对世界亦然。世界各国是命运共同体，相互间开展贸易与投资合作，远比相互攻讦、高筑壁垒好。出现分歧，本着相互尊重、平等相待的精神商谈解决之道，最符合各方利益。
a community of shared destiny 命运共同体；
to trade barbs and build barriers 相互攻讦、高筑壁垒；
China stands resolute with the World Trade Organization and multilateral free-trade agreements designed to be inclusive. Economic globalization has enabled the creation and sharing of wealth on an unprecedented scale. There are problems, too, more on the sharing side. These can be addressed, but only if countries work together to ensure that a rising tide really does lift all boats.
中国坚定支持世界贸易组织和一切旨在推动包容发展的自贸安排。经济全球化在前所未有的规模上推动了财富的创造和分享，但这一进程也存在问题，主要是在分享方面。只要各国齐心协力，确保所有人都能从全球化中受益，这些问题是完全可以解决的。
At home, the government is opting for a lighter, more balanced touch while engaging the market. To make doing business in China easier, the state is consolidating administrative reviews and focusing more on compliance oversight, risk preparedness, and providing services. We keep improving implementation of the VAT reform to make sure that tax costs drop across the board.
在国内，中国政府在处理同市场关系时采取介入更少、更加平衡的方式。为改善中国的营商环境，我们推动简政放权、放管结合、优化服务等改革，着力防范各种风险隐患，并将不断完善营改增改革，确保各行业税负只减不增。
a lighter, more balanced touch 介入更少、更加平衡的方式；
the VAT reform营改增改革；
We are opening new sectors of the economy to investment and widening access to many others. We are piloting a “negative list” model before a nationwide rollout, where investment access is assumed unless specifically restricted. More measures are in the pipeline to ensure all businesses registered in China are treated equally. Companies can enjoy additional incentives if they invest in less-developed western regions or in the northeastern industrial belt.
我们将开放更多行业，并放宽更多行业准入。我们正在对基于负面清单管理模式的外资准入制度进行推广前的试点，未来还将出台更多措施，让所有在华注册的企业都能一视同仁享受政策。在西部欠发达地区或东北老工业基地投资的企业，还可享受更多优惠政策。
piloting a “negative list” model 试行负面清单模式；
While the government is continuing to invest in infrastructure to boost domestic demand, more resources are going to improving rural roads, water supply, sewage systems, and information networks – areas that traditionally haven’t been as visible. In parallel with such hardware improvements, we’re continuing efforts to expand the safety net, not least for the more vulnerable members of society.
政府将继续投资基础设施建设，增加国内需求。更多资源将投向乡村公路、供排水系统和信息网络建设等以往并不显眼的短板领域。在改善硬件的同时，努力加强民生保障，特别是对弱势群体的保障力度。
sewage systems 污水处理系统；
vulnerable members of society 弱势群体；
Structural reforms are showing results. In 2016, China shed more than 65 million and 290 million tons of inefficient steel and coal-mining capacity, respectively. We plan to raise those numbers to 140 million and 800 million tons within the next three to five years to restore healthier fundamentals to those industries. Meanwhile, the government is working with business communities on various retraining programs. In 2016 alone, 700,000 workers once employed in downsized industries moved on to new jobs.
结构性改革正在收到成效。2016年，中国压减落后过剩钢铁产能6500万吨以上、煤炭产能2.9亿吨以上。我们计划在三至五年内钢铁、煤炭产能分别压减1.4亿吨和8亿吨，使相关行业恢复更加健康的基本面。与此同时，政府还联手企业，为转岗人员提供多种形式的再培训。仅2016年，转岗安置人数就达到70万。
inefficient steel and coal-mining capacity 落后过剩钢铁产能；
At the same time, new growth drivers are emerging strong. Services, which have surpassed manufacturing as a share of the economy, keep consolidating their lead. Consumption now contributes more than 60 percent of the growth in China’s gross domestic product. While creating new value, these drivers are also boosting the efficiency and competitiveness of traditional sectors, with high-tech and equipment manufacturing leading industrial expansion.
中国经济增长的新动能正在蓬勃兴起。服务业占经济总量的比重已超过制造业，领军地位更加巩固，消费对GDP增长的贡献率在六成以上。新动能不仅创造新价值，也提升了传统产业的效率和竞争力，推动高技术产业和装备制造业增长领跑整个工业。
new growth drivers 增长的新动能；
Entrepreneurship and innovation are taking root. Meanwhile, new business models are thriving, transforming many previously unimaginable services into daily conveniences. The mobile-internet-enabled sharing economy is only one obvious case.
大众创业、万众创新向纵深发展。新的商业模式不断涌现，此前许多意想不到的服务正日益成为生活中随处可享的便利。一个典型的例子是建立在移动互联网基础上的共享经济。
建立在移动互联网基础上的共享经济 mobile-internet-enabled sharing economy；
这篇文章节选自李总理在《彭博商业周刊》发表的署名文章，虽然是英译汉，但给人感觉是英语翻译成汉语又给翻译成英语的。
回首最近100多年的历史，人类经历了血腥的热战、冰冷的冷战，也取得了惊人的发展、巨大的进步。上世纪上半叶以前，人类遭受了两次世界大战的劫难，那一代人最迫切的愿望，就是免于战争、缔造和平。上世纪五六十年代，殖民地人民普遍觉醒，他们最强劲的呼声，就是摆脱枷锁、争取独立。冷战结束后，各方最殷切的诉求，就是扩大合作、共同发展。
Over the past century and more, mankind has gone through bloody hot wars and the chilling Cold War, but also achieved remarkable development and huge progress. In the first half of last century, mankind suffered the scourges of two world wars, and the people yearned for the end of war and the advent of peace. In the 1950s and 1960s, people in colonies awakened and fought to shake off shackles and achieve independence. Since the end of the Cold War, people have pursued a shared aspiration, namely, to expand cooperation and promote common development.
血腥的热战、冰冷的冷战 go through bloody hot wars and the chilling Cold War；
两次世界大战的劫难 the scourges of two world wars；
迫切希望 yearned for；
这100多年全人类的共同愿望，就是和平与发展。然而，这项任务至今远远没有完成。我们要顺应人民呼声，接过历史接力棒，继续在和平与发展的马拉松跑道上奋勇向前。
Peace and development: this has been the aspiration held dear by mankind over the past century. However, the goal to achieve peace and development is far from being met. We need to respond to the people’s call, take up the baton of history and forge ahead on the marathon track toward peace and development.
接过历史接力棒 take up the baton of history；
奋勇向前 forge ahead；
这两段节选自习主席在联合国日内瓦总部的演讲，还是主席演讲的一贯风格，惯用成语和俗语，文章虽然通俗易懂，但要想翻译好并不容易。