Week 5
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笔译群是ScalersTalk旗下的专攻笔译的训练组织，初步设定翻译量目标为十万字。群内活动主要包括每天的每日一句和周六晚上的限时周任务。如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请到猛戳 完成后在A群，B群或C群私信给Kevin或是慧慧，通过审核便可。
下面是笔译训练群的第五周（2015.05.24—05.30）训练日志，共包括六个每日一句（英译汉，汉译英）和一个周训练（英译汉，汉译英），均包括原文，参考译文，词汇整理以及相关点评。材料主要来源于外刊，政府工作报告以及笔译教材。
But while acknowledging that Saudi Arabia would one day stop using oil, gas and coal, Mr. Naimi said calls to leave the bulk of the world’s known fossil fuels in the ground to avoid risky levels of climate change needed to be put “in the back of our heads for a while”.
但是，在坦承沙特有朝一日会停止使用石油、天然气和煤炭的同时，纳伊米表示，让世界上大部分已探明化石燃料储量留在地下、以免气候变化达到危险水平的呼吁，需要“在一段时期内被置于脑后”。
bulk ①(某物的)主要部分，大半：The bulk of consumers are based in towns. 大多数消费者都是城镇居民；②团，大块 the great bulk of a building 楼房的庞大主体；③体积，尺寸，块头 The dough will rise until it is double in bulk.面团会发酵到原来的两倍大；（adj）大批量购买，大批的；（v）凸显重要，构成重要部分：bulk sth out 使膨胀，充实；
known fossil fuel 已探明化石燃料；
sth be put in the back of one's heads 某事被置于脑后；
for a while 在一段时间内。
"Mr. Naimi said calls to leave.... “in the back of our heads for a while”." 这句话我认为是一个难点，句式略长，有些复杂。可能对石油领域不太熟悉，"known" 我竟然没有理解到是 “已探明”的意思；后边的"back"我理解成了“支持”，"heads" 理解成了“领导”。大家一定要注意避免这种愚蠢的错误，多加分析
。
容闳回国后，看到了清政府的腐朽落后和国家的贫弱。面对现实，他忧国忧民。对比中西社会，他认识到，要使中国富裕强盛，就必须向西方学习。
But Rong Hong returned only to find a poverty-stricken country under a corrupt government. The stark reality set him worrying about the future of his country and its people. He realized, by the sharp contrast between China and the West, if China ever hoped to become a powerful and prosperous country, it had to learn from the West.
only to 结果只是（表示结果令人失望或感到意外）：I arrived only to find that the others had already left；
贫困的国家 a poverty-stricken country；
腐朽落后的政府 corrupt and backward government，（参考译文没译backward，我认为不太合适，还是要加上）；
the stark reality 严峻的现实，（stark(adj)①外表简陋的，荒凉的：the stark beauty of New Mexico；②明摆着的，严峻的：SYN：harsh）；
忧国忧民 worrying about the future of one's country and its people;
stark/marked/sharp etc contrast to sth 鲜明对比；
ever [一般用于疑问句、否定句、比较结构或带if 的句子中]在任何时候：If you're ever in Seattle come and see me.如果你到西雅图，来看我吧。；
富裕强盛 powerful and prosperous；
句子中出现了“和”，我们可能下意识就翻译成了"and", 而参考译文在这里译成了"under", 因为国家不是在政府的通统治之下么？这样不仅更合适恰当，而且也会让句子紧密；
参考译文没翻译 “腐朽落后” 的“落后”，我认为这里是不对的；
How does one characterize Benjamin Franklin? Journalist, scientist, educator, politician, writer, administrator, philosopher—he truly seemed to be able to do almost everything. His accomplishments and the talents and interests which he displayed during the course of his long life—1706 to 1790 — have caused him to be called both "the first American" and "the last universal man".
我们如何来描述富兰克林呢？记者、科学家、教育家、政治家、作家、管理专家、哲学家——他似乎真的是无所不能。在他漫长的生命历程中（1706—1790），他取得的成就和展现出的非凡才能和广泛兴趣，使他赢得了“美国第一人” 和“最后一个通人的称号”。
characterize ①描述...的特性；描绘（SYN: portray）；②[人、地方或事物]以...为特征，以...为典型：Bright colors characterize his paintings.明亮的色彩是他的画作的特点。；
administrator [公司或机构的]管理人，行政官员，主管；
philosopher 哲学家；思想深刻的人；
accomplishment 成就，成绩，才能，才艺；
the course of one's long life 某人漫长的生命历程；
universal man 通人，（通人，指学识渊博通达的人。见《庄子·秋水》：“当桀纣而天下无通人，非知失也。”）。
这句话虽然有些长，但总体并没有啥难度。
庞巴迪（Bombardier ）表示，拉丁美洲、中国和俄罗斯“目前的经济形势和地缘政治问题”冲击了其在商务机市场上的新订单。
Bombardier said that “current economic conditions and geopolitical issues” in Latin America, China and Russia had hit its new orders across the business jet market.
经济形势 economic conditions；
地缘政治问题 geopolitical issues；
冲击 hit；
在商务机市场 across the business jet market；
airplane: An airplane is a flying vehicle that has fixed wings and engines or propellers that thrust it forward through the air. It's most common when you travel long distances to take an airplane; jet: A jet is an aircraft that gets its power from jet engines rather than propellers.
艾玛，今天每日一句谁发的，这么仁慈，
汉英也比较简单（其实是我
乀(ˉεˉ乀) ）。
Effective immediately, he said in a statement, a new, multiagency task force will conduct salon-by-salon investigations, institute new rules that salons must follow to protect manicurists from the potentially dangerous chemicals found in nail products, and begin a six-language education campaign to inform them of their rights.
他在一份声明中说，紧急措施立即生效，将由一个新成立的多部门工作组对美甲沙龙挨家进行调查，并将制定美甲沙龙必须遵循的新规则，以保护美甲工不受美甲产品中可能存在的危险化学品的危害，还将用六种语言开始一场教育活动，让美甲工知道她们的权利。
multiagency （尤指防止犯罪，社会福利，研究工作等方面）多机构合作的，多方合作的；
task force （未处理某一特定问题而暂时组成的）工作组；（军队的）特遣部队；
salon 发廊，美发厅，高级时装店，沙龙；
institute (v)制定[制度、规则等]；提出[诉讼]；（n）学院，研究所；
manicurist 美甲师；
inform sb about/of sth （正式）通知，告知（某人）；
这句话难点我认为有两个，一个是前半句生词，短语比较多，比如multiagency，task force等；第二就是后半句的"begin a six-language education campaign" 这里我觉得不太好处理。
目前，西藏已经深深融入全国统一的市场体系，来自全国和世界各地的商品源源不断地进入西藏，丰富着城乡市场和百姓生活。西藏的名、优、特产品及民族手工艺产品，大量进入全国市场。
Currently Tibet is incorporated into the national market system. Commodities from all over the nation and across the world keep flowing into Tibet, enriching the urban and rural markets as well as the lives of the people. At the same time, well-known and quality products with local characteristics and folk handcrafts are transported to other parts of the country in large quantities.
incorporate 把（某事物）并入，包含：incorporate sth into/in sth；
全国统一的市场体系 the national market system；
源源不断的进入 keep flowing into；
名、优、特产品 well-known and quality products with local characteristics；
民族手工艺产品 folk handcrafts；
大量 large quantities；
“深深地融入” 我又是直接“deeply”干上了，大家一定避免这种，看见啥就直接译；
总体来讲这句话并不难，有些词汇可能想不到，比如“源源不断”、“民族手工艺品”等。
In August 2008, the people of Beijing and China invite the citizens of the world to come together to celebrate "One World, One Dream". These first ever Games in Beijing will thus respond to the vision of a man, Zhang Boling, who, a century ago, expressed his dream of seeing his home country being part of the Olympic Movement.
2008年8月，北京市与全中国人民将邀请世界各国人民欢聚一堂，共同庆贺“同一个世界，同一个梦想”的奥林匹克盛事。这是首次在北京举办奥运会，将圆了一个中国人——张伯苓先生一个世纪以前表达的梦想，那就是看到他的祖国成为奥林匹克运动的一部分。
come together 欢聚一堂；
respond to 作出反应，回应：Responding to the news, Mr. Watt appealed for calm.面对这个消息，瓦特先生呼吁保持冷静；
vision ①视力（SYN：sight）,twenty-twenty vision/20-20 vision 极好的视力；②视野：a figure at the edge of her vision在她视野边缘的人影；③构想，设想，念头：He had a clear vision of how he hoped the company would develop.；
express sb.'s dream of 表达某人的梦想；
the Olympic Movement 奥林匹克运动；
句子不难，但有些简单的词汇、短语我们处理的可能不够华丽，比如"come together" 我们可能会处理成“共同”，而参考译文“欢聚一堂”显然更为适合这种喜庆的语境；
后一句我认为难点在于"respond to" 和"vision", "dream" 翻译过来如何衔接、处理的问题。参考译文处理成了“圆了梦想”，衔接上处理的就比我的“实现美好愿景”要好得多。
第29届奥林匹克运动会（北京奥运会），将于2008年8月8日在北京隆重开幕，这是全球瞩目、海内外中华儿女期盼已久的体育盛会和文化庆典。正当全国人民深入开展“迎奥运，讲文明，树新风”的时候，孙海麟同志主编的《中国奥运先驱——张伯苓》问世，适逢其时，很有意义，令人欣喜。
The 29th Olympic Games is set to start in Beijing on August 8, 2008. All the Chinese people around the globe are looking forward to this great sports and cultural event. As we are stepping up preparation for the Olympiad under the guideline of "welcoming the Olympics, promoting civility and creating a sound social environment", the publication of Chinese Olympic Pioneer--Zhang Boling, complied by Mr. Sun Hailin, comes just in time and is of special significance.
即将召开 be set to start；
海内外中华儿女 all the Chinese people around the globe；
期盼已久 be looking forward to；
体育盛会 this great sports；
文化庆典 the cultural event；
step sth up 使增加，使上升，使加快：The health department is stepping up efforts to reduce teenage smoking.；
Olympiad [现代]奥林匹克运动会；
under the guideline of 在...纲领指导下；
“迎奥运，讲文明，树新风” "welcoming the Olympics, promoting civility and creating a sound social environment"；
主编 参考译文用了comply 我查遍了字典都是“遵从，遵守”的意思，我认为这里用"edit" 也是合适的；
适逢其时，很有意义，令人欣喜 sth comes just in time and is of special significance；（这里我也没看到哪里“令人欣喜”啊！？）；
有些词汇不太好处理，比如“深入开展”、“迎奥运，讲文明，树新风”、“适逢其时，很有意义，令人欣喜”等；
这句话我认为译者给的参考译文还是有些糟点的吧，“全球瞩目”，“令人欣喜”在这里为何不译呢？
The Olympic Games are an international multi-sport event subdivided into summer and winter games. They are each held every four years. Until 1992, they were both held in the same year. Since then, they have been separated two years apart.
奥运会是具有多项竞技项目的国际性体育赛事，分为夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会，每隔四年举行一次。在1992年之前，夏季和冬季奥运会是同年召开的，自1992年以后，则改为相隔两年召开。
multi-sport 多种运动；
subdivide 把（分过的东西）再细分：subdivide sth into sth；
apart (adj) [时间]相隔的，相距的：Our birthdays are exactly a month apart. 我们俩的生日正好相差一个月。
注意 不要看见"until" 就翻译成“直到...”；
最后这句"they have been separated two years apart" 这句话如果对奥运会不太了解的话，处理起来还是有些难度的，我是查了冬夏奥运会举办时间才理解。
谈起斯诺，恐怕了解中国近代史的人对他并不陌生，他不就是那个60年前越过国民党的军事封锁，冒险进入陕北苏区采访毛泽东及刚走完长征路的工农红军的美国记者吗？不错，正是他。可这位被称为“新闻王国的普罗米修斯”的人与旅游有什么关系呢？
Speaking of Snow, anyone who has some knowledge of modern Chinese history ought to know about him. Wasn't he the American journalist, who crossed the KMT army's military blockades and ventured into the northern part of Shaanxi Province to interview Mao Zedong and cover the news about the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army just after completing the Long March? Yes, exactly. But how could the man, who is known as Prometheus of the press, have anything to do with travel?
中国近代史 modern Chinese history；
了解 have some knowledge of sth；
军事封锁 military blockades；
冒险进入 venture into；
cover(v) 报道：I'd just returned from covering the Cambodian war.；
长征 the Long March；
工农红军 the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army；
普罗米修斯 Prometheus；
句子难度不大，有些固定词汇我们还是多积累吧。中国近代史、军事封锁、长征、工农红军等等。
This was the first significant victory for Mary Rose Taylor, the chairman of the Margaret Mitchell House, Inc., Foundation, who has championed the efforts to save the house. Taylor looks like a typical Buckhead Society matron: a former University of North Carolina homecoming queen, she is tall, blond, carefully coifed and married to a successful real-estate developer.
玛丽.罗斯.泰勒初战告捷。泰勒是玛格丽特.米切尔故居基金会主席，一直致力于保护米切尔故居，她看上去是典型的布克罕协会成员，曾就读于北卡罗来纳大学，当选过“返校日女王”。泰勒个头高挑，一头金色头发，经过了精心梳理，丈夫是成功的房地产开发商。
the Margaret Mitchell House, Inc., Foundation 玛格丽特.米切尔故居基金会；
the first significant victory 初战告捷；
champion（v）捍卫，维护：She championed the cause of
religious freedom.她捍卫宗教自由事业。；
matron 主妇，护士长，[学校的]女总管；
homecoming queen 返校日女王；
coif(v) （尤指精心）把头发做成式样；
real-estate developer 房地产开发商。
开篇"the first significant victory " 处理起来我觉得就不太简单，参考译文处理成了“初战告捷” 我觉得很好。我们在平时也要多积累成语，免得在处理这种很简单的句子时出现无话可说的尴尬；
这句话还有些知识背景问题，我们在处理时可能会有些困难。比如homecoming queen，Buckhead Society matron。
一年一度的新春佳节即将来临。今年春节的最大亮点是除夕首度列入国家法定假日。著名作家、文化学者冯骥才接受本报记者专访时欣慰地说，只有广大人民过好春节，从精神到心理都能得到满足，节日遗产才能传承下去，这也是最好的文化保护。
As the Lunar New Year draws near again, people feel this New Year special in that for the first time the New Year's Eve has been instituted as a statutory holiday. Feng Jicai, a well-known writer and scholar on culture says with elation in an exclusive interview given to this newspaper that only when a great majority of people have a good time during the Spring Festival and are fully satisfied spiritually and psychologically can the legacy of festivals be preserved. That is also the best way to protect cultural heritages.
春节 the Lunar New Year；
临近 draw near/closer;
除夕 the New Year's Eve;
国家法定假日 a statutory holiday；
institute 制定（制度、规则等）；
elation兴高采烈，欢欣鼓舞；
专访 an exclusive interview；
广大人民 a great majority of people；
精神地 spiritually，心理地 psychologically；
节日遗产 the legacy of festivals；
做中译英总是苦于没有丰富的词汇、表达、句式可用，开篇就被“一年一度”给难倒了，看了参考译文又有一种恍然大悟的赶脚。后边的“列入”、“欣慰地”这些词汇用的准确也都不容易，多积累呗！
Historian Samuel Eliot Morison gives this view of the man: “Franklin’s secret, the thing that ‘made him tick’ and pulled every aspect of his mind together, was his love of people. He talked with English and French statesmen as an equal; he was as homely and comfortable as an old shoe.” Morison even speculated that if we had been alive in 1776 and had made a call upon Benjamin Franklin, he would have made us feel at home. He would have asked about our parents, and probably would have known them, or at least about them; he would then have asked us about ourselves, drawn us out, and sent us away with some good advice, a handshake, and a smile.
历史学家萨缪尔.艾略特.莫里森这样评价富兰克林：“富兰克林成功的秘诀——令他如此具有活力并将他的心智的各个方面凝聚在一起的东西——是他对人民的爱。他以平等的身份与英国和法国的政治家对话；他就像一只穿旧的鞋子，让人感到普通而又舒适。”莫里森甚至推测，如果我们生活中在1776年，并且登门拜访本杰明.富兰克林，他会让我们感到宾至如归。他会询问我们父母的情况，或许还认识他们，至少是知道他们；他会询问我们的情况，鼓励我们跟他畅谈，临别时还会给我们一些忠告，微笑着和我们握手告别。
give the view of sb. 评价某人；
what makes sb. tick 某人这样做的原因是什么：I've never really understood what makes her tick. 我实在弄不明白她为什么这样. ；
pull sth together 将...凝聚在一起；
homely 简单舒适的；
speculate that 猜测，推测；
make sb. feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归；
draw sb. out 消除某人的羞怯，使某人愿意说话：She just needed someone to draw her out and take an interest in her.她就需要有个人来使她消除羞怯并关怀她。；
Benjamin was one of 17 children, all of whom were expected to help support the large Franklin household. As a young child, he worked in the shop of his father, a soap and candlemaker, but this work did not appeal to a boy who loved to read and study. Therefore, when he was 12, Benjamin was sent to assist his half-brother James who had a printing shop. There, surrounded by books, young Ben would often stay up late into the night reading on a wide range of subjects; and as he read, he practiced improving his own style of writing.
本杰明家共有17个孩子，每人都要为养活这个大家庭出力。很小的时候，富兰克林就在父亲经营的制造肥皂和蜡烛的作坊里干活。但是在这种工作对于一个喜欢读书学习的孩子来说实在没有意思。于是12岁的时候，本杰明就被送到同父异母的哥哥詹姆斯的印刷所里帮忙。在那里，年幼的本杰明被包围在书海之中，他常常呆到深夜，广泛阅读各种题材的书籍；他一边读书，一边练习提高自己的写作风格。
appeal to 有吸引力：The idea of working abroad really appeals to me.；
half-brother 同父异母（同母异父）兄弟；
read on a wide range of subjects 广泛阅读各种题材的书籍；
第一段"Franklin’s secret" 注意这里要补译“secret”，应该是“成功的秘密”；后边还有几处，大家注意，不要译出来语义不完整；
"and probably would have known them, or at least about them" 这里参考译文处理成了“认识他们”、“知道他们”，处理的非常精当；
注意积累文中出现的短语，比如draw sb. out。
当时他（容闳）的主张主要有两点：一是培养通晓西方文化科学知识的各种人才；二是引进西方先进技术，发展民族工业和交通运输业。为了实现自己的主张，容闳不辞辛劳、四处奔走、寻觅可行的途径。就在这时，曾国藩为了兴办洋务，广泛招聘人才，向容闳发出了邀请。1863年9月，容闳应邀到达安庆，入曾国藩大营。
He had two objectives that stood out in his mind then: firstly, China had to train talents equipped with a good knowledge of Western culture and science; secondly, it had to introduce advanced technology from the West to develop its national industry, communications and transportation. He began to run about, trying to seek possible means to this end. At that time, Zeng Guofan, busy recruting people for his Westernization drive, issued an invitation to Rong Hong. In September, 1863, Rong Hong went to Anqing and joined Zeng in his campaign.
主张 objective；
培养人才 train talents；
通晓西方文化知识 equip with a good knowledge of Western culture and science；
引进先进技术 introduce advanced technology；
民族工业 national industry；
交通运输业 communications and transportation；
目的，目标 end：political/ military ends;
洋务 Westernization drive；
向某人发出邀请 issue an invitation to sb.;
到安庆后，容闳向曾国藩提出了建立机器工厂的建议，这个建议与曾国藩建立近代兵工厂的想法基本一致，曾国藩即授予他出洋购办机器的全权。1865年9月， 容闳从美国订购回100多种机器， 为江南制造总局提供了主要设备。
Rong Hong suggested to Zeng Guofan that a machinery plant be established and, as his suggestion coincided with Zeng's idea of setting up a modern munitions factory in China, he authorized him with the mission of purchasing machines from abroad. In 1865, Rong Hong bought over one hundred sets of machines from the United States, which constituted the bulk of the equipment for Jiangnan General Manufacturing Bureau.
机器工厂 a machinery plant；
近代兵工厂a modern munitions factory；
（想法、观点）相符，一致 coincide with；
授权某人做某事 authorize sb. to do sth;
constitute 为...的成分，构成：Lone parents constitute a great proportion of the poor.;
(某物的)主要部分，大半 the bulk （of sth）；
江南制造总局 Jiangnan General Manufacturing Bureau.
注意细节，第一段“当时” 我就直接给漏译了。当然，不漏译的话，我也不清楚这个“then” 还有“当时”的意思。都是用作“然后”了；
像“容闳不辞辛劳、四处奔走、寻觅可行的途径”这种，很多意思是重复的，就直接快刀斩乱麻，剔出主要意思译出即可；