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笔译群是ScalersTalk旗下专攻笔译的训练组织，如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请猛戳链接： 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。
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以上三个群都不在的小伙伴，可先申请加入C群（群号：456036104，验证消息：ScalersTalk）。笔译训练小组每周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员。
下面是笔译训练群的第八十六周（2016.12.12-2016.12.18）训练日志。
The 24 solar terms is a gross name of the system that comprises of 12 major solar terms and 12 minor solar terms interlaced with each other.
Starting from “vernal equinox”，the 12 major solar terms are “vernal equi-nox”，“corn rain”，“corn forms”，“summer solstice”，“great heat”，“end of heat”，“autumnal equinox”，“frost”，“light snow”，“winter solstice”，“severe d” and “spring showers”. Each major solar term falls on one of the 12 lunar months designated by the 12 earthly branches.
二十四节气是一个统称，其中包括十二个中气和十二个节气，中气和节气相间地排列。
从春分起十二个中气分别是春分、谷雨、小满、夏至、 大暑、处暑、秋分、霜降、小雪、冬至、大寒和雨水，分属于12个以地支排列的月份
a gross name 统称；
12 major solar terms 十二个中气；
12 minor solar terms 十二个节气；
vernal equinox 春分；
corn rain 谷雨；
corn forms 小满；
summer solstice 夏至；
great heat 大暑；
end of heat处暑；
autumnal equinox 秋分；
frost霜降；
light snow 小雪；
winter solstice 冬至；
severe d 大寒；
spring showers 雨水
the 12 earthly branches 十二地支；
翻译这两段话简直要晕死，但积累一些传统知识方面的汉译英还是挺有意思的。
我同各国领导人一道，深入讨论世界经济面临的突出问题，形成许多重要共识。大家普遍认为，全球经济复苏仍然乏力，增长动力不足，经济全球化遇到波折，贸易和投资低迷，全球性挑战加剧世界经济不确定性。
I and other leaders had in-depth discussions and reached important consensus on major issues facing the world economy. We expressed concern about the sluggish recovery of the global economy, lack of growth momentum, backlash against economic globalization, weak trade and investment and growing global challenges that cloud the global economic outlook.
大家普遍认为 We expressed concern about…；
全球经济复苏仍然乏力 the sluggish recovery of the global economy；
增长动力不足 lack of growth momentum；
经济全球化遇到波折 backlash against economic globalization
加剧世界经济不确定性 cloud the global economic outlook；
译文中cloud我觉得用的非常灵活，这个词我们一般都是用作名词“乌云”，这里译者将其用作动词“使模糊”。
From the Earth’s perspective，the Sun moves through a year across the stars or celestial sphere along a path known as the ecliptic, which is measured in 360 degrees longitude. The 24 solar terms divide the ecliptic into 24 equal segments, with 15 degrees of the Sun’s longitude between the terms.
从地球上观测，太阳一年里在恒星间或天球划过的轨道称为黄道，以360度黄经来量度。二十四节气正好把黄道分成24等份，即每个节气相差黄经15度。
ecliptic 黄道；
celestial sphere 天球；
这段话除了有些专业词汇有些别扭外，句式还是挺简单的，难度不大。
现在看来，这次国际金融危机复杂程度远超以往，解决起来需要综合施策，绝非一日之功。这就是为什么国际金融危机发生已经7年，世界经济恢复仍然缓慢、增长仍然脆弱的原因。
However, as things stand now, the current crisis is far more complex than any of the previous crises, and it cannot be fixed overnight. A multi-pronged approach is therefore required to overcome the crisis. This explains why seven years into the crisis, the world economy is still slow in recovery and weak in growth.
现在看来 as things stand now；
绝非一日之功 it cannot be fixed overnight；
解决起来需要综合施策 A multi-pronged approach is therefore required to overcome the crisis；
金融危机发生已经7年 seven years into the crisis；
学一个关于时间的新表达，“……已经……年”可以用into；
At “vernal equinox”，the Sun’s longitude is 0 degree； at “bright and clear”, the Sun’s longitude is 15 degrees；and so forth. At “vernal equinox” and “autumnal equinox”，the periods of daylight and the night are equal in length. The period of daylight is the longest at “summer solstice” and the shortest at “winter solstice” (northern hemisphere). These were the earliest solar terms determined in ancient time. Then it came the four solar terms “spring commences”，“summer commences”，“autumn commences” and “winter commences”.
春分时黄经为0度，清明时黄经为15度，依此类推。春分和秋分昼夜平分。夏至昼最长（北半球，下同），冬至昼最短。春分、秋分、夏至和冬至是古人最初确立的节气。其后加入的是立春、立夏、立秋和立冬。
spring commences 立春；
summer commences 立夏；
autumn commences 立秋；
winter commences 立冬；
这周这篇文章，英文难度不大，但感觉是英文版的初中地理知识。
郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家。公元1405年，明朝的统治者为了巩固边防和开展海上贸易，派郑和下西洋。在此后的28年里，郑和带领船队七下西洋，前后出海的人员有10多万人，访问了30多个国家和地区。船队纵横南亚，西亚，一直到非洲大陆。郑和下西洋是世界航海史上的壮举，它展现了郑和卓越的航海和组织才能，同时展现了明朝的国力和国威，加强了明朝和海外各国之间的关系。
Zheng He was the most famous maritime explorer in Chinese history. In 1405 AD, the ruler of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He on a voyage to the Western Seas in order to strengthen border defense and develop trade by sea. In the following 28 years, Zheng He led his fleet, made seven voyages to the Western Seas with over 100 thousand crew members in total, and visited more than 30 countries and regions. The fleet traveled far into South Asia and West Asia, and made all the way to the continent of Africa. Zheng He’s voyages to the Western Seas were a great feat in the world’s navigation history. It showed Zheng He’s outstanding navigation and organization talents; meanwhile, it exhibited the national strength and prestige of the Ming Dynasty and the overseas countries.
航海家 maritime explorer；
巩固边防 strengthen border defense；
世界航海史上的壮举 a great feat in the world’s navigation history；
展现了明朝的国力和国威 it exhibited the national strength and prestige of the Ming Dynasty；
做英译汉我觉得是两层转化的过程，先要把汉语中的一些词语或句子转化成比较容易理解或是适合翻译成地道英语的表达，然后再处理成英语。
Other solar terms were named later according to the weather and agricultural activities prevalent at the respective times of the seasons. The “24 solar terms” reflects to some extent the climate over central China in ancient time. Each lunar month in the Agricultural Calendar contains a major solar term. A lunar month that does not include a major solar term is taken as the leap month of the preceding month.
至于其他的节气，便以该段季节常见的天气现象或农业活动而命名，这些节气从某种程度上反映了古代中原地区的气候。农历规定每一个月必定要有一个中气，没有中气的月份，便成为前一个月的闰月。
prevalent 流行的，普遍的；
leap month 闰月；
我们在译文中可以看出，译者在翻译Other solar terms…in ancient time.这两句话时，根据汉语习惯，将英语中的两句话处理成了汉语中的一句话，这样译文不至于太破碎。我们在翻译时也要学会整合译文，不要完全按照原文分句方式进行翻译。
第二，坚持构建开放型经济。多年来，亚太坚持大开放、大融合、大发展，走出独具特色、充满活力的区域经济合作道路，堪称发展水平悬殊的经济体共同推进一体化的典范。
Second, we must build an open economy. Over the years, the Asia-Pacific has pursued greater openness, integration and development and found a unique path of dynamic regional economic cooperation, setting a good example of integration endeavor involving economies vastly different in level of development.
坚持大开放、大融合、大发展 pursued greater openness, integration and development；
发展水平悬殊的经济体 economies vastly different in level of development；
“独具特色、充满活力的区域经济合作道路”这句话很短，但里边有好几个修饰“道路”的形容词和名词，如果我们完全按照“形容词—名词”的模式进行翻译的话，会给人感觉很累赘，所以在翻译时，可以先处理成a unique path of。
In 19 tropical years there will be 228 major solar terms and 235 synodic months. So 7 lunar months will not contain major solar terms and they are classified as leap months.
原来19个“回归年”共有228个中气和235个“朔望月”，即有7个月没有中气，这些没有中气的月便正好成为闰月。
tropical years 回归年；
synodic month 朔望月；
挺简单的一句话。
我们要更好发挥海外侨胞和归侨侨眷参与祖国现代化建设、促进祖国和平统一、推进中外交流合作的独特作用，使海内外中华儿女的向心力不断增强。
We need to ensure that overseas Chinese nationals, overseas Chinese nationals who have returned to China, and the relatives of overseas Chinese nationals who themselves live in China can all perform better the unique role they have to play in modernizing China, advancing its peaceful reunification, and promoting exchange and cooperation between China and other countries. We need to strengthen the bonds of attachment and affection of all Chinese, whether at home or overseas, to our motherland.
海外侨胞 overseas Chinese nationals；
归侨侨眷 overseas Chinese nationals who have returned to China, and the relatives of overseas Chinese nationals who themselves live in China；
促进祖国和平统一 advance its peaceful reunification;
使海内外中华儿女的向心力不断增强 to strengthen the bonds of attachment and affection of all Chinese, whether at home or overseas, to our motherland；
注意“归侨侨眷”是两个词，不要漏译：归侨是指回国定居的华侨。侨眷是指华侨、归侨在国内的眷属。
Volunteers work tirelessly to create a better future for all. They contribute to national well-being and show global solidarity at times of crisis. We see this in action all over the world, most notably over the past year as volunteers have provided shelter and wide-ranging support to millions of refugees forced from their homes by armed conflict and persecution.
志愿人员坚持不懈地努力为所有人创造一个更美好的未来。他们为国家的福祉做出贡献，在危机时刻展现了全球团结。我们在全世界都能看到这种精神在行动，尤其显著的是在过去的一年中，志愿人员为因武装冲突和迫害而被迫逃离家园的数百万难民提供住所和广泛的帮助。
work tirelessly to do坚持不懈地努力；
global solidarity 全球团结；
wide-ranging support 广泛的帮助；
armed conflict and persecution 武装冲突和迫害；
Volunteers help to eliminate poverty and reduce the impact of disasters. In Haiti, we saw the efforts of thousands during the recent floods, helping to re-build devastated communities. In Sri Lanka, volunteers were instrumental in achieving the great feat of eradicating malaria. In Mali and Colombia, UN Volunteers are among those working to achieve peace.
志愿人员帮助人们消除贫穷和减少灾害的影响。在海地，我们看到成千上万人在最近的洪灾中努力帮助人们重建遭到严重破坏的社区。在斯里兰卡，志愿人员为实现消除疟疾的伟大成就发挥了重要作用。在马里和哥伦比亚，联合国志愿人员参加实现和平的努力。
to eliminate poverty and reduce the impact of disasters 消除贫穷和减少灾害的影响；
eradicate malaria 消除疟疾；
Volunteering gives the most marginalized people in society an opportunity to get involved in the decision-making process. Volunteers can use their voices to shape conversations, question social norms and promote the values we all hold dear. Volunteers are critical to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
志愿服务使社会中最边缘化的群体有机会参与决策进程。志愿人员可以利用他们的声音引导对话、质疑社会规范和推广我们所有人珍视的价值观。志愿人员对于实现可持续发展目标至关重要。
the decision-making process 决策进程；
the most marginalized people 最边缘化的群体；
use their voices to shape conversations 利用他们的声音引导对话；
question social norms 质疑社会规范；
promote the values we all hold dear 推广的我们所有人珍视的价值观；
I extend my deepest gratitude to the more than 6,700 United Nations Volunteers, 12,000 United Nations Online Volunteers and the one billion community volunteers worldwide. You are all instrumental to the future of people and the planet. Your commitment and passion can act as inspiration to us all.
我对6700多名联合国志愿人员、12000多名联合国在线志愿人员和世界各地的10亿多名社区志愿人员表示最深切的感谢。你们对于人民和地球的未来有举足轻重的作用。你们的承诺和热情能够激励我们所有人。
instrumental in sth / in doing sth 起重要作用：He was instrumental in bringing about an end to the conflict. 他在终止冲突的过程中起了重要作用。
On this International Volunteer Day, let us recognize the immense value of the world’s volunteers. As they lend a hand to others, let us give volunteers a hand by applauding their global citizenship and their commitment to building a future of peace, prosperity and dignity for all.
值此国际志愿人员日之际，让我们承认世界志愿人员的巨大价值。在志愿人员伸手帮助他人的时候，让我们伸手为他们的全球公民意识和他们为所有人建设一个和平、繁荣和尊严的未来的努力而鼓掌吧。
immense value 巨大价值；
这篇文章选自联合国秘书长潘基文在国际志愿者日上的致辞，不可否认，每位志愿者都很伟大，是他们的无私奉献精神世界才变得更加美好；
文中有一处词性活用现象，question social norms 质疑社会规范，对于这类词我们在平时多加留意，用在译文中，能给译文增色不少。
近年来，世界经济尤其是发达国家经济持续低迷不振，而中国经济依然保持中高速稳定增长。因此，各方日益把期待的目光投向中国，希望我们为推动世界经济复苏增长、促进全球治理体系变革发挥更大的作用。面对这样的期待，以习近平同志为核心的党中央着眼国内和国际两个大局，高度重视，主动谋划。中央政治局在不到一年时间两次围绕全球治理进行集体学习，提出要抓住机遇、顺势而为，推动国际秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。
Over the last couple of years, economic growth in the world, advanced countries in particular, has remained anemic. Yet all this while, the Chinese economy has maintained a steady medium-high growth rate. Therefore, more people are looking to China to play a greater role in driving the recovery and growth of the world economy and moving forward the reform of global governance system. Bearing in mind China’s domestic and international interests, the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as its core has worked earnestly and proactively to live up to these expectations. The Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee has had two group study sessions on global governance in less than 12 months, and decided to act along the trend and seize the opportunity to help shape the international order toward greater justice and equity.
持续低迷不振 remain anemic；
保持中高速增长 maintained a steady medium-high growth rate；
促进全球治理体系变革 moving forward the reform of global governance system；
以习近平同志为核心的党中央 the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as its core；
着眼国际和国内两个大局 Bearing in mind China’s domestic and international interests；
推动国际秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展 shape the international order toward greater justice and equity；
我们成功主办二十国集团领导人杭州峰会。时值世界经济、全球治理、二十国集团机制本身发展的关键时刻，习近平主席主持的这次G20杭州峰会被国际社会寄予厚望。作为东道主，中方推动各方把创新和结构性改革作为开创世界发展新局的主线，扩大了中国五大发展理念的国际影响，提升了中国改革开放的世界意义，引领了世界经济和全球治理的前进方向。面对制约世界经济增长的根源性问题，我们开出标本兼治、综合施策的“中国药方”，为推进全球增长注入强劲动力。同时，在中方精心设计和全力打造下，杭州峰会成为G20历史上发展中国家参与最广泛、发展特色最鲜明、发展成果最突出的一次峰会。峰会首次把创新作为核心成果，首次把发展议题置于全球宏观政策协调的突出位置，首次形成全球多边投资规则框架，首次发布气候变化问题主席声明，首次把绿色金融列入二十国集团议程。峰会达成的29项重要成果，在G20进程中留下深刻中国印记，成为G20发展史上一座里程碑。
We have successfully hosted the G20 Hangzhou Summit. The Summit, chaired by President Xi Jinping, took place at a critical moment for the world economy, global governance and institution-building of the G20 itself, hence was looked upon with high hopes by the international community. As the host, China actively encouraged parties to make innovation and structural reform the new pathway to re-energize the world economy. This has increased the international visibility of China’s vision for innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, enhanced the relevance of China’s reform and opening-up experience to other countries, and pointed the way forward for the world economy and global governance. For the underlying problems holding back global growth, we offered a multi-pronged “Chinese prescription” that addresses both the short-term and long-term issues, injecting strong momentum into global growth. Under China’s thoughtful and diligent presidency, the Hangzhou Summit has set a record in the G20 history in terms of the number of participating developing countries and the distinctly pro-development agenda and outcomes. For the first time in the G20 history, innovation features as a core outcome; development takes a prominent place in global macro policy coordination; a framework for multilateral global investment rules is established; a presidency statement on climate change is issued; and green finance is put on the G20 agenda. The Summit has produced 29 important outcomes, leaving an indelible China mark in the G20 process and a milestone in its history.
*中方推动各方把创新和结构性改革作为开创世界发展新局的主线 China actively encouraged parties to make innovation and structural reform the new pathway to re-energize the world economy；
扩大了中国五大发展理念的国际影响 increased the international visibility of China’s vision for innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development；
制约世界经济增长的根源性问题 the underlying problems holding back global growth；
开出标本兼治、综合施策的“中国药方” offered a multi-pronged “Chinese prescription” that addresses both the short-term and long-term issues；
绿色金融 green finance；
在G20进程中留下深刻中国印记 leaving an indelible China mark in the G20 process；
原文中有很多地道的比喻表达，比如“中国药方”，遇到这种情况，我们首先要摸透它的真是含义在做翻译处理；
“中国五大发展理念”遇到类似情况不可直接处理成“five China’s development concepts”,一定要查阅相关资料，译出具体的五个发展理念。