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笔译群是ScalersTalk旗下的专攻笔译的训练组织，初步设定翻译量目标为十万字。群内活动主要包括每天的每日一句和周六晚上的限时周任务。如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请猛戳链接： 完成后在A群，B群或C群私信给Kevin或是慧慧，通过审核便可。笔译训练小组目前50人，每两周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员，每进一位，便移除排在末尾的一位。
下面是笔译训练群的第十三周（2015.07.20—07.25）训练日志，共包括五个每日一句（英译汉，汉译英）和一个周训练（英译汉，汉译英），均包括原文，参考译文，词汇整理以及相关点评。材料主要来源于外刊，政府工作报告以及笔译教材。
One idea has been to create transgenic cows which secrete important pharmaceutical substances in their milk. Other attempts are being made to express human interferon in the milk of sheep. （本段选自科技文）。
人们设想培育一种转基因牛奶，能分泌出含有珍贵药物成分的牛奶。此外，人们正在尝试使羊奶中含有人类干扰素。
secrete ①〔动物或植物的某一部分〕分泌〔某物质〕:The toad's skin secretes a deadly poison. 这种蟾蜍的皮肤会分泌出一种致命毒素。② 隐藏，藏匿:The money had been secreted in a Swiss Bank account. 这笔钱被藏在一个瑞士银行账户里。
important pharmaceutical substances 珍贵的药物成分；
interferon 干扰素；
one idea 要翻译成“人们设想”；important 在这里要翻译成“珍贵的”才恰当；
城市消费者数量不断增长，供货渠道正在扩展、改善，从中国大城市里的新超级市场和购物中心越来越多，可以看出这一点。这包括推广同顾客有关的技术，如越来越广泛地使用家用电冰箱。
The supply channels for the growing number of urban consumers are currently expanding and improving, as can be seen by the growing number of new supermarkets and shopping centers in China's major cities. This includes promotion of consumer-related technologies, such as a more widespread introduction of household refrigerators.
供应渠道 supply channel；
不断增长 the growing number of；
购物中心 shopping centers；
大城市 major cities;
推广 promotion；
同顾客有关的技术 consumer-related technologies；
广泛地使用家用电冰箱 widespread introduction of household refrigerators；
一共两句话，可是前后这两句我和我的小伙伴们都没看出有啥逻辑关系；
注意参考译文中as can be see 中的"as" 指的不是某个词，而是上文一些词和词组组成的一种行为概念。
Charles did his bit to counter the growth of tea, with several acts forbidding its sale in private houses. This measure was designed to counter sedition，but it was so unpopular that it was impossible to enforce it.
查尔斯二世极力想遏制茶的发展，他颁布了几道法令禁止私家咖啡馆售茶。这项措施意在打击反政府的离叛行为，但是它太不得人心，无法执行。
do one's bit to do sth 极力做某事；
counter 抵消; 对抗; 制止:Exercise helps to counter the effects of stress. 运动有助于抵消压力造成的影响。
act 法令；
sedition 煽动反政府的言论（文章、行动）:Trade Union leaders were charged with sedition.工会领导人被控犯有煽动反政府罪。
unpopular 不受欢迎的，不得人心的；
词汇都不难，但有几个词汇和短语可能在处理的时候措辞不太好拿捏。比如 did his bit，be designed to，counter，sedition。
小伙子爱上了某个姑娘，就用树叶包上树根、火柴、辣椒、大蒜送给她。树叶表示有很多心里话要说，树根表示思念不已，火柴喻态度坚决, 辣椒喻爱得炽热，大蒜则希望同意。
A lad falling in love with a girl would send her a tree root, matches, pepper, or garlic, all wrapped with tree leaves. Tree leaves meant he had many sweet words to tell her; a tree root meant he missed her very much; matches were an indication of determination; pepper indicated burning love; garlic meant he wished his courtship would be accepted.
小伙子，男青年 lad；
爱上某人 fall in love with sb.；
辣椒 pepper；
大蒜 garlic；
〔用布、纸等〕包，裹〔某物〕:wrap: The present was beautifully wrapped in gold paper. 礼物用金色的包装纸包着，很漂亮。
心里话 sweet words；
炙热的爱 burning love；
求爱，追求 courtship；
我在翻译这段话的时候一直在想怎么处理最后这几句并列句，总不能一直and 吧。参考译文用分号就给解决了。
Wonderful progress has been made during the last half of the twentieth century in the field of education. But still the number of adult illiterates, particularly women, rises.
20世纪后半叶，教育领域已取得了长足的进步。但成人文盲的人数，尤其是妇女文盲的人数却增加了。
he last half of the twentieth century 二十世纪后半叶；
adult illiterate 成人文盲；
wonderful progress 长足的进步；
难度不大。
1984年7月，许海峰在洛杉矶奥运会射击场登上颁奖台，打破了中国在奥运会上金牌“零”的记录。
In July 1984 the Chinese athlete Xu Haifeng won a gold medal in the men's free pistol event, shattering China's zero medal record at the Olympics.
射击比赛 pistol event；
打破金牌“零”的记录 shatter zero medal record；
打破纪录的“打破”，我认为在这里参考译文用的shatter不太合适，牛津词典解释如下①to suddenly break into small pieces; to make sth suddenly break into small pieces (使)破碎,碎裂:；②to destroy sth completely, especially sb's feelings, hopes or beliefs; to be destroyed in this way (使感情、希望或信念等)粉碎,破灭；被粉碎；被破坏；③ to make sb feel extremely shocked and upset 使极为惊愕难过；给予极大打击。所以我个人倾向于用break a record。
When it first came out in 1936，it was a huge success, both popular and critical, and won the Pulitzer Prize. It was banned in Nazi Germany and in the Iron Curtain countries, because it was seen as a celebration of the individual over the state.” Taylor sees the book as the story of Atlanta itself, a city that overcame adversity and rebuilt itself from the ashes of war.
该书1936 年刚一出版立刻获得巨大成功，一路畅销而且好评如潮，还赢得了普里策奖。《飘》由于被认为赞扬了个人高于国家的精神，在纳粹德国与铁幕国家遭禁。” 泰勒则把《飘》看作是关于亚特兰大的书，描写了这个城市在战争废墟上逆境备起，重振旗鼓。
come out 出版；
critical success 好评如潮的；
a huge success 巨大的成功；
ban 禁止，取缔；
the Iron Curtain countries 铁幕国家；
adversity 逆境，不幸，厄运: his courage in the face of adversity 他面对逆境的勇气；
the ashes of war 战争的废墟；
critical 在这里是个难点，我就疏忽了在这里摔了跟头。critical在这里取的是“根据(艺术、音乐、文学等)评论家的评论”之意: the film director's greatest critical success 那位电影导演从评论界获得的最大成功。
只有除夕放假，年文化的主题及相应的民俗才有了一个承载的空间与平台，传统价值观和文化魅力才不会涣散。其他传统节日如清明、端午、中秋也是如此。
Only a free New Year’s Eve can offer space and platform to observe the folk customs that reflect the theme of New Year culture, can give full play to traditional value and cultural charm of this festival. This is true of other traditional events as well, such as the Pure Brightness (Tomb-sweeping), Dragon Boat and Mid-autumn festivals.
民俗 folk custom ；
遵守，奉行〔宗教或习俗〕observe；
文化魅力 cultural charm；
充分发挥某物的作用 give full play to sth；
……也是如此 be true of:I accept that the romance may have gone out of the
marriage, but surely this is true of many couples...我同意婚姻里可能已经没有了浪漫这一说法，而且很多夫妻都的确如此。
清明 the Pure Brightness/Tomb-sweeping Festival；
端午 Dragon Boat Festival；
中秋 Mid-autumn Festival；
每次都感觉参考译文很灵活，能够很透彻的理解汉语并很好的转化成英语。比如第一句“只有除夕放假” 用了“free”，而我第一想法就是holiday。我们在做汉英的时候也一样，要多思考一下；
While not everyone will agree with her comparison of it to War and Peace, the book is vastly superior to the vapid caricature presented in the movie. It contains much sharp-eyed social satire, and in many ways Scarlett O'Hara — energetic and superficial, resourceful and unscrupulous — is a symbol of Atlanta and the New South, determined never to go hungry again. （the book is Gone with the Wind）
尽管泰勒将《飘》 与《战争与和平》相提并论，并没有得到每个人的认同，但是小说里的人物比起同名电影里乏味的人物要好上许多。小说里有许多洞察社会针砭社会的情节，在许多方面，郝斯佳简直就是亚特兰大和新南方的化身，充满生气、肤浅、聪慧、莽撞，决心再也不过那种饥饿的日子。
comparison 比较；
vapid 愚蠢的; 乏味的; 缺少灵性的: vapid conversation 平淡无奇的对话；
caricature 人物漫画，夸张的描述；
sharp-eyed 目光敏锐的: My sharp-eyed mother had already spotted him. 我那目光敏锐的母亲已经看见他了。
satire 讽刺，讥讽: the characteristic use of satire in Jonson's work 琼森作品中讽刺手法的独到运用；
superficial 肤浅的；
resourceful 足智多谋的，机智的；
unscrupulous 不择手段的，不讲道德的; 无耻的
短短的一句话，生词有好几个。后边的几个形容郝思嘉的形容词，我觉得处理起来并不容易。
过年要有年味，而年味越来越淡，也是常令大冯感到困惑的问题。年味变淡有其正常的和必然的原因：中国春节是与农耕文化、生产节律紧密相连的；过完年，春耕即将开始。
New Year must be accompanied by a strong festival mood. But in recent years, the New Year mood was fast becoming rarefied, a fact that made Feng very puzzled. The thinning of the festival mood has its normal and inevitable causes: the Chinese Spring Festival is closely associated with farming culture and farming cycle. Spring ploughing starts soon after the Spring Festival.
年味 a strong festival mood；
（年味）变淡 rarefied（adj）/thin（v）；
困惑的 puzzled；
必然的，不可避免的inevitable；
农耕文化 farming culture；
生产节律 farming cycle；
春耕 spring ploughing；
中国本土气息很浓的词汇，在汉英过程中一直都是难点，比如“年味儿比较淡”，我觉得很难处理。参考译文分别用了festival mood 和thinning/rarefied。遇到这类问题我们首先要弄清“年味儿”是什么，然后在找出对应的形容词。
As he（Chu Teh）talked Chou En-lai stood facing him, his head a little to one side as was his habit, listening intently until the story was told, and then questioning him.
他娓娓而谈，周恩来就站在他面前，习惯地侧着头，一直听到朱德把话说完，才提出问题。
When both visitors had told their stories, Chou smiled a little, said he would help them find rooms, and arrange for them to join the Berlin Communist group as candidates until their application had been sent to China and an answer received. When the reply came a few months later they were enrolled as full members, but Chu’s membership was kept a secret from outsiders.
两位来客把经历说完后，周恩来微笑着说，他可以帮他们找到住的地方，替他们办理加入党在柏林的支部的手续，在入党申请书寄往中国而尚未批准之前，暂作候补党员。过了几个月，回信来了，两人都被吸收为正式党员，但朱德的党籍对外一直保密。
intently 认真地，专注地；
enroll 招（生），吸收（成员）; 注册（学习）；
a full member 正式成员；
这两段出现了四处被动语态。第一处until the story was told，译文没用被动式，而是根据上下文，以“朱德”为主语，译成了主动句。第二处until their application had been sent to China 译做“在入党申请书寄往中国”，这种被动语态的译法叫做主动的形式具有被动的含义。第三处they were enrolled as full members 译做“两个人都被吸收为正式党员”，此处用了“被”字。最后一处Chu's membership was kept a secret from outsiders，译做“朱德的党籍对外界保密”，也是主动形式用作被动含义。总之，汉语中“被” 字并不常用，多表不好的含义，我们在处理英语被动式时尽量换一种说法，不用被动。
母亲发现孟轲提前逃学回来，非常生气，她从织布机上站起来，严肃地问儿子：“你又逃学？”孟轲看了看母亲，低下头，说：“念书没意思，我不念了！”
Finding that Meng Ke was playing truant, the mother was indignant. She rose from the loom and said to her son in a serious tone, “So you are playing truant again!” Meng Ke cast a glance at his mother and lowered his head, saying, “I find my lessons dull. I’m going to give up.”
逃学 play truant；
非常生气 indignant；
看了看某人 cast a glance at sb.；
没意思的，无聊的 dull；
孟母一听，气得浑身哆嗦，拿起剪刀，把没有织完的绸子剪断了。母亲的行动惊呆了孟轲，他睁着惊愕的眼睛，不知如何是好。
Hearing this, his mother shook with anger. She took a pair of scissors and cut through the silk on the loom. Confounded by his mother’s action, Meng Ke gazed at her in bewilderment, not knowing what to do.
气的浑身哆嗦 shake with anger；
一副剪刀a pair of scissors；
剪断 cut through；
〔因出乎意料〕使困惑; 使惊讶: cofound；
盯着 gaze at；
困惑，迷惘 bewilderment；
孟母痛心的指着那一根根丝线，语重心长地说：“你看，这绸子是一根根丝线用力气织起来的，人的学问是一点一滴慢慢积累起来的。你不读书，荒废学业，就如同我剪断了这没织成的绸子一样，是件废品。你不读书，怎么能长大成材呢！” 孟轲听了母亲的话，看着那剪断了的丝绸和伤心的妈妈，心里难过极了。
His mother pointed at the loose silk threads, and said with feeling, “Look! With toil, silk is woven thread by thread, and knowledge is accumulated bit by bit. If you give up school,you will be just like the silk I have cut, which is useless. Such silk is of no use. And how can you be of use when you grow up if you stop studying?” Hearing this and looking at the severed silk and his heartbroken mother, Meng Ke was conscience-stricken.
语重心长地说 say with feeling；
一点一滴 bit by bit；
长时间的辛苦劳作 toil；
（布）一卷，一匹 bolt；
剪断的丝绸 severed silk；
伤心的 heartbroken；
内疚的，悔恨的 conscience-stricken；
这种叙事故事类型的题材，读起来很轻松很简单。但翻译的时候，很容易就处理成很简单的句子，用很低级的词汇。我们在翻译的过程中，不妨把同一个句子、词汇自己能想到的每个译法都列出来，然后在进行斟酌挑选。