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ScalersTalk笔译专练小组第39周训练日志
笔译群是Scalerstalk旗下专攻笔译的训练组织，初步设定翻译量目标为十万字。群内活动主要包括周一到周五的每日一句和周末的周任务。如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请猛戳链接： 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（QQ：9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到Kevin或瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。以上三个群都不在的小伙伴，可先申请加入C群（群号：456036104，验证消息：ScalersTalk）。笔译训练小组目前50人，每两周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员，每进一位，便移除排在末尾的一位。
下面是笔译训练群的第三十九周（2016.01.18—01.24）训练日志，共包括五个每日一句（英译汉，汉译英）和一个周训练（英译汉，汉译英），均包括原文，参考译文，词汇整理以及相关点评。材料主要来源于外刊，政府工作报告以及笔译教材。
“I’m not particularly afraid of death or shy about discussing it,” Mr. Hayardeny said. “The way the site is put together, it kind of gives you some kind of comfort. It puts people at ease with the concept of you being gone.”
“我并不是特别害怕死亡或不愿讨论死亡，”哈亚尔德尼说。“这个网站的安排方式，算是给人某种程度的安慰，让人们接受你已经离开人世这一概念。”
shy 害羞的，畏缩的，胆怯的
at ease 安逸，舒适，自由自在
shy这个词，很多人下意识地就翻成“羞于……”，但在这应该是胆怯的意思。
经济结构有新的优化，粮食产量达到1.21万亿斤，消费对经济增长的贡献率上升3个百分点，达到51.2%，服务业增加值比重由46.9%提高到48.2%，新产业、新业态、新商业模式不断涌现。中西部地区经济增速快于东部地区。
The economic structure was upgraded. Grain output reached 605 million metric tons; the contribution of consumption toward economic growth rose by three percentage points to 51.2%; the value added of the service sector increased from 46.9% to 48.2% of the GDP; and there was a constant stream of new industries, new types of business, and new business models. The central and western regions grew faster in economic terms than the eastern region.
粮食产量 grain output
消费对经济增长的贡献率 the contribution of consumption toward economic growth
服务业增加值 the value added of the service sector
新业态 new types of business
不断涌现 there was a constant stream of
“1.21万亿斤”，斤是中国的重量单位，译为英语要换算一下，处理为605 million metric tons，要注意不要直接写tons，我们中国使用公制单位，所以吨和公吨是一样的，但英美的吨和公吨并不一样。
上升三个百分点，很多人直接写3%，这里要清楚，比率上升3个百分点和上升3%并不是一个概念。
Boys tend to have more discipline problems than girls overall. But the difference is much bigger for black and Latino children — and more than half of the difference is because of poverty and related problems, the researchers found. For instance, while boys in well-off families have almost the same test scores as their sisters, the gap is more than three times as large in the most disadvantaged families, the study found. While well-off boys are 3.1 percentage points less likely than their sisters to be ready for kindergarten, the most disadvantaged boys are 8.5 percentage points less likely.
总体来说，男孩比女孩更容易有纪律问题。这种差异在黑人和拉美裔孩子中更大，而且研究人员发现，差异中过半数是因为贫穷及其他相关问题。例如，研究发现，富裕家庭的男孩拥有跟姊妹差不多一样的测试分数，但最弱势的家庭的男女分数差异非常大，超过了三倍。在幼儿园入学准备状态方面，富裕家庭男孩比姊妹要差3.1%，而条件最不利的男孩比姊妹差8.5%。
Latino 拉丁美洲人，拉丁美洲（人）的
well-off 富裕的，顺利的，走运的
the most disadvantaged参考译文处理为“最弱势的，最不利的”，其实跟前面“富裕”对应，处理为“贫困”即可。
我们严格落实党中央八项规定精神，持之以恒纠正“四风”。严格执行国务院“约法三章”，政府性楼堂馆所、机关事业单位人员编制、“三公”经费得到有效控制。
We have been strictly putting into practice the CPC Central Committee’s eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct and making persistent efforts to fight formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance. We have been rigorously implementing the State Council’s three-point decision on curbing government spending, and have effectively controlled the construction of new government buildings, the staffing of government bodies and public institutions, and the spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality.
落实 putt into practice
党中央八项规定精神 the CPC Central Committee’s eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct
持之以恒纠正“四风”make persistent efforts to fight formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance
严格执行国务院“约法三章”rigorously implementing the State Council’s three-point decision on curbing government spending
机关事业单位人员编制 the staffing of government bodies and public institutions
“三公”经费 the spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality
这两句虽短，但难度不小，“八项规定”“四风”“三公”等表达，首先要知道汉语说的是什么，才能准确地译成英文。政府报告中这样的数字表达，要多留心，多记。
Some experts caution that the fast advance of oil production from shale in the United States is no guarantee of similar successes abroad, at least not in the near future.
有些专家警告称，美国页岩油田生产取得了快速发展，但这并不意味着其他国家也能同样获得成功，至少在近期内不太可能。
caution n. 小心，谨慎 v.警告
is no guarantee of similar success abroad 并不意味着其他国家也能同样获得成功
没有生词，不要字对字硬翻就可以，拆分为短句，才符合汉语表达。
政府要勇于自我革命，给市场和社会留足空间，为公平竞争搭好舞台。个人和企业要勇于创业创新，全社会要厚植创业创新文化，让人们在创造财富的过程中，更好地实现精神追求和自身价值。
The government should be bold in imposing a reform on itself so as to leave ample space for the market and society to play their respective roles and level the playing field for fair competition. Individuals and enterprises must have the mettle to promote their business development and make innovations, and our society needs to nurture a culture of entrepreneurship and innovation. In this way, while creating wealth, people will be able to meet their cultural and intellectual needs and realize their full potential in life.
勇于自我革命 be bold in imposing a reform on itself
给市场和社会留足空间 leave ample space for the market and society to play their respective roles
为公平竞争搭好舞台 level the playing field for fair competition
勇于创业创新 have the mettle to promote their business development and make innovations
实现精神追求和自身价值 meet their cultural and intellectual needs and realize their full potential in life
“政府要勇于自我革命，给市场和社会留足空间”隐含着“政府自我革命是为了给市场和社会留足空间”的逻辑，因此译为：“The government should be bold in imposing a reform on itself so as to ……”
Yet to ecologists, he said, such a stock would be characterized as “depleted” — “a very pejorative word”. In the end, the scientists concluded that 63 percent of saltwater fish stocks had been depleted “below what we think of as a target range,” Dr. Worm said.
但是对于海洋生态学家而言，种群数量下降至这一水平将被定性为“枯竭”，这是一个“颇具贬义的字眼”。科学家们得出的最终结论是，63%的咸水鱼类资源已经耗尽，所剩资源“低于我们的目标范围，”沃姆博士如是说。
depleted 耗尽的，废弃的，贫化的
pejorative 轻蔑的，恶化的，变坏的
fish stocks 鱼群，鱼类资源
“such a stock”处理为“种群数量下降至这一水平”，补译了一下，表意更清楚。
公众参与控烟活动不广泛不深入，尚未引起社会的高度关注。控烟和在公共场所禁烟，不只是对烟民而言，要烟民戒烟需要社会、烟制品行业、每个社会公民的共同努力才能实现，更多的是关爱、理解、支持和帮助，和谐共建无烟公共场所。
The lack of public involvement in tobacco control fails to feature prominently on the priority list. Tobacco control and a total ban in public space call for greater care, understanding, support and commitment of not only tobacco users, but the wider civil society and manufacturers. Each and every citizen needs to contribute to a tobacco-free, harmonious environment for all.
公众参与 public involvement
引起社会的高度关注 feature prominently on the priority list
无烟tobacco-free
用Gabriel话说：“控烟是一场旷日持久的战争。”
参考译文将原文语序打乱，重新组句，流畅自然，值得学习。
Designating times to plug into the news — checking Twitter in the morning over coffee, but not listening to the radio while driving your kids to school, for instance — can help you manage anxiety if you are feeling stressed.
你可以在特定的时间来了解新闻——比如，在早上喝咖啡时查看Twitter，但不要在开车送孩子上学的路上听收音机——如果你感到紧张的话，这样做可以帮助你缓解焦虑情绪。
plug into 接通电源，与……连通
没什么生词，句子也不长。
立国之道，惟在富民。要以增进民生福祉为目的，加快发展社会事业，改革完善收入分配制度，千方百计增加居民收入，促进社会公平正义与和谐进步。
The only way to build a country is to enrich its people. With increasing people's quality of life as our objective, we will accelerate the development of social programs, reform and improve the income distribution system, do everything possible to increase people's incomes, and promote social equity, justice, harmony, and progress.
立国之道，惟在富民 The only way to build a country is to enrich its people
增进民生福祉increase people's quality of life
社会事业 social programs
收入分配制度 income distribution system
促进社会公平正义与和谐进步 promote social equity, justice, harmony, and progress
“立国之道，惟在富民”，中文的四字句，有逻辑关系，英文需要把逻辑关系清楚翻译出来，“The only way to build a country is to enrich its people.”
“A new baby! Why, Scarlett, this is surprise!” he laughed, leaning down to push the blanket away from Ella Lorena’s small ugly face.
“刚生的孩子！ 哎呀，思嘉，可真没想到哇！”他一边说，一边笑了，同时弯腰掀开毯子，看了看爱拉。洛雷纳难看的小脸。
lean down 弯腰；
“Don’t be silly ,” she said blushing. “How are you, Rhett? You’ve been away a long time.”
“看你说的，”思嘉说，脸也红了。“瑞德，你好吧？你离开的时间不短啊。”
blush 涨红了脸；
“So I have. Let me hold the baby, Scarlett. Oh, I know how to hold babies. I have many strange accomplishments. Well, he certainly looks like Frank. All expect the whiskers, but give him time.”
“的确是这样。思嘉，让我抱抱孩子吧。唔，我知道怎么抱孩子。我有许多你意想不到的才能。他的确很像弗兰克，就是没有胡子，不过到时候会长的。”
strange accomplishments意想不到的才能；
whisker 络腮胡子；
“I hope not. It’s a girl.”
“还是别长的好。这是个女孩儿。”
“A girl? That’s better still. Boys are such nuisances. Don’t ever have any more boys, Scarlett.”
“是个女孩儿？那就更好了。男孩子都讨人嫌。你可别再生男孩儿了，思嘉。”
nuisance 讨厌的人（或事）；
It was on the tip of her tongue to reply tartly that she never intended to have any more babies, boys or girls, but she caught herself in time and smiled…
思嘉本来想回敬一句，说无论男孩儿女孩儿都不想再生了，可是话到了嘴边，她又收住了。她笑了笑……
the tip of her tongue 话到嘴边；
tartly: sharply；
“Did you have a nice trip, Rhett? Where did you go this time?”
参考译文
“这次出去，一切都好吗，瑞德？你这次到了哪里？”
“Oh---Cuba---New Orleans----other places. Here, Scarlett, take the baby. She is beginning to slobber and I can’t get to my handkerchief. She is a fine baby, I’m sure, but she’s wetting my shirt bosom.”
“唔，到了古巴----新奥尔良----还有一些别的地方。哎呀，思嘉，快把孩子接过去吧。她流哈喇子了，我又没法掏手绢儿。我知道，她是个好孩子，不过她把我的前襟弄湿了。”
slobber 流口水；
shirt bosom 前襟；
这篇短文是《飘》中男女主公的一段对话，翻译时要注意尽量口语化。第一段中的“surprise”如果译为“惊讶”就比较文，所以从相反的角度来处理，译作“可真没想到哇！”；还有后边的“slobber”可以译作“流口水”，但译作“流哈喇子”更符合口语的说法。
中非从来都是命运共同体。半个多世纪以来，无论国际风云如何变幻，中非始终是风雨同舟的好朋友、休戚与共的好伙伴、肝胆相照的好兄弟。中非传统友好深得人心，已成为中非双方的宝贵财富。长期以来，中非双方坚持真诚友好、平等相待，这是中非关系历久弥坚的精神内核。新形势下，中非双方将在此基础上，致力于合作共赢、共同发展，为中非关系赋予新的内涵，注入不竭动力。
China and Africa have always belonged to a community of shared future. Over the past five decades and more, they have always been good friends who stand together through thick and thin, good partners who share weal and woe, and good brothers who fully trust each other despite changes in the international landscape. The traditional friendship between China and Africa is deeply rooted in people's minds and has become an invaluable asset for both. China and Africa have long valued sincerity, friendship and equality, which constitute the underlying rationale for China-Africa relations to grow stronger with time. Based on this tradition, China and Africa will be committed to mutually beneficial cooperation and common development under the new circumstances, adding new substance and injecting inexhaustible impetus to China-Africa relations.
命运共同体 a community of shared future；
风雨同舟 stand together through thick and thin；
休戚与共 share weal and woe；
国际风云 international landscape；
宝贵财富 invaluable asset；
真诚 sincerity；
精神内核 underlying rationale；
赋予新的内涵 adding new substance；
注入新的活力 injecting inexhaustible impetus to；
2006年中国政府提出中非建立和发展政治上平等互信、经济上合作共赢、文化上交流互鉴的新型战略伙伴关系。10年来，双方共同制订并落实了一系列深化中非合作的重大举措，极大地促进了中非各领域友好合作关系快速发展。中非政治互信进一步增强，在国际和地区事务中协调与配合更加紧密。中非务实合作成果丰硕。中国自2009年起成为非洲第一大贸易伙伴国，2014年中国对非贸易额增至2006年的4倍。中非人文交流快速增长，中非人员往来每年近300万人次，中非友好的社会和民意基础进一步扩大。中非交往与合作的广度和深度前所未有，中国对非洲经济发展的贡献率显著提升。
In 2006, the Chinese government proposed a new type of China-Africa strategic partnership featuring political equality and mutual trust, economic win-win cooperation and cultural exchange. In the past decade, China and Africa jointly formulated and implemented a series of major measures to deepen cooperation, which greatly promoted the rapid development of their friendly and cooperative ties across the board. Political mutual trust between China and Africa has been strengthened. Their coordination and cooperation in international and regional affairs have become closer. Their pragmatic cooperation has borne abundant fruit. China has been Africa's largest trading partner since 2009. In 2014, China's trade volume with Africa rose to four times that of 2006. People-to-people and cultural exchanges have flourished with nearly 3 million visits made between China and Africa every year, garnering greater social and popular support for China-Africa friendship. The scope and depth of China-Africa exchanges and cooperation has been unprecedented. China's contribution to Africa's economic growth has significantly increased.
新型战略伙伴关系 a new type of China-Africa strategic partnership；
共同制定 jointly formulate；
务实合作 pragmatic cooperation；
成果丰硕 abundant fruit；
贸易额 trade volume；
人文交流 people-to-people and cultural exchanges；
获得 garner；
广度和深度 scope and depth；
好多成语处理起来真的不太简单，还是平时多积累吧。