Week19
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笔译群是ScalersTalk旗下的专攻笔译的训练组织，初步设定翻译量目标为十万字。群内活动主要包括周一到周五的每日一句和周末的周任务。如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请猛戳链接： 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（QQ：9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到Kevin或瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。以上三个群都不在的小伙伴，可先申请加入C群（群号：456036104，验证消息：ScalersTalk）。笔译训练小组目前50人，每两周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员，每进一位，便移除排在末尾的一位。
下面是笔译训练群的第十九周（2015.08.31—09.06）训练日志，共包括五个每日一句（英译汉，汉译英）和一个周训练（英译汉，汉译英），均包括原文，参考译文，词汇整理以及相关点评。材料主要来源于外刊，政府工作报告以及笔译教材。
Transgenic technology enables plant breeders to bring together in one plant useful genes from a wide range of living sources, not just from within the crop species or from closely related plants. （选自科技文）
转基因技术能让作物育种员集广泛作物物种(而非同种或相近作物物种)的有用基因于一种植物。
plant breeder 作物育种员；
transgenic technology 转基因技术；
今天的参考译文说实话是真不咋地，拆开译会更好。
中国的研究中心从那时起就开始研制先进的生物技术，如合成DNA 技术。如今，在运用农业生物技术方面，中国是最重要的几个国家之一。洛克菲勒基金会水稻技术项目的负责人认为：“显然，在水稻培育中使用遗传技术，中国领先世界。”
Chinese research centers since then have begun to develop advanced biotechnological tools, such as recombinant DNA technology. Today, China is one of the leading countries in agricultural biotechnology. According to a director of the rice biotechnology program at Rockefeller Foundation, "China is clearly the most advanced country in the world in terms of using genetic markers and tools in rice breeding.”
自那时起 since then；
先进的生物技术 advanced biotechnological tools；
合成DNA 技术 recombinant DNA technology；
最重要的国家 leading country；
某某认为 according to sb.；
负责人 director；
基金会 foundation；
显然 clearly；
使用遗传技术 using genetic markers and tools；
水稻培育 rice breeding；
基金会这个词怎么都没想起来foundation，还有“领先世界”也是查了字典才想到ahead；
In the early 1800s, ships carrying tea from the Far East to Britain could take over a year to bring home their precious cargo.
运茶快船在19世纪早期，从远东将贵重的茶叶运到英国要花上一年多的时间。
the Far East 远东；
cargo (船或飞机装载的)货物: a cargo ship 货船
precious cargo 珍贵的货物，这里要明确指出是“贵重的茶叶”；
这时迎亲队伍中的“长统”（女方媒人）走出来，郑重其事地倒出竹筒里的水酒给小姑娘喝，并送上一些喜糖和喜钱，但姑娘们仍不满足，一个劲地喊：“不准新娘过!” 正当“纠缠不休”时，伴娘们簇拥着新娘从另一头越过了路障。
The Changtong (the bride's go-between) will come forward and please them with wine and tip them with candies and money. But they are ”difficult" to please and shout, “ Don't let the bride go!” While they are haggling with the Changtong，the bridesmaids swarm over the barrier with the bride.
媒人 go-between/matchmaker；
please(v.) 使满意，使愉快；
tip(v.) 给小费；付小账: Did you remember to tip the waiter?
糖果 candy（注意不是sugar 食糖）；
讲价，讨价还价: haggle: Ted was haggling with the street vendors. 特德正在和街边小贩讨价还价。
成群结队地移动，蜂拥，涌往: swarm: Photographers were swarming around the princess.摄影师们一窝蜂似地围在公主身边。
有关中国文化的材料翻译起来就很难了，有关中国少数民族文化的材料更是难上加难。
Many work in difficult physical conditions; often life threatening; often unpaid. They are obliged to work in rice paddies or sell chickens to feed their families. Their only glory, as Ursula Weiseman put it, is the gleam in their learner's eyes.
许多人是在非常艰苦的物质条件下工作的；他们还得常常冒生命的危险，而且，经常得不到任何报酬。他们不得不在稻田里教人读书识字；他们得出售自己喂养的鸡来养家糊口。正如乌尔苏拉·魏泽曼所说的，他们惟一感到自豪的是学生眼中闪烁出来的那种如饥似渴的求知欲望。
physical conditions 物质条件；
be obliged to do sth (形势、规定或法律)强迫，迫使：The storm got worse and worse. Finally, I was obliged to abandon the car and continue on foo. 暴风雨愈发猛烈，我最终不得不弃车步行。
rice paddy 稻田；
glory: fame, praise or honour that is given to sb because they have achieved sth important 荣誉；光荣；桂冠: Olympic glory in the 100 metres 奥林匹克 100 米赛跑的桂冠；
gleam: a pale clear light, often reflected from sth 微光(常指反光): the gleam of moonlight on the water 水面上荡漾的月光；②a small amount of sth 少量；一丝；一线: a faint gleam of hope 微弱的一线希望；③an expression of a particular feeling or emotion that shows in sb's eyes(感情的)表露,闪现：a gleam of triumph in her eyes 她眼里闪烁着胜利的光芒
这里的work是有上下文的，特指“教书，教学”；
最后一句两个their都译成了他们实属不应该，英汉过程中，在上下文语义不是特别明确的情况下，最好把代词所指具体化。
作为当今世界规模最大、水平最高的综合性体育盛会和持续时间最长的文化庆典，奥运会第一次在具有五千年悠久历史和灿烂文明的中国举办，有着特殊的历史意义。正如国际奥委会评估委员会指出的，在中国举办奥运会，将“给中国和世界体育留下独一无二的宝贵遗产。”
As we all know, for the first time, the Olympiad, one of the greatest sports games and cultural galas around the world, is scheduled to be held in China. Our 5,000-year-long history and splendid culture will make it special and unique. China is ready to turn it into an unprecedented Olympics, as an IOC Evaluation Commission report believes, leaving a unique legacy for both China and sports as a whole.
奥林匹克运动会 Olympiad；
文化庆典 cultural gala；
安排，预定 be schedule to: I'm scheduled to arrive in LA at 5 o'clock. 我预计在5点钟抵达洛杉矶。
五千年的历史 5000-year-long history；
灿烂的文明 splendid culture；
前所未有的，空前的 unprecedented: Crime has increased on an unprecedented scale.犯罪活动的增加规模空前。
国际奥委会评估委员会 IOC Evaluation Commission;
独一无二的宝贵遗产 a unique legacy;
参考译文第一句我觉得省略的太多，很多点都没处理；
五千年的历史, 5000-year-long 有丢掉了这个long，以前就犯过这个错误；
For all the natural and man-made disaeters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home. Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck.
尽管过去的一年天灾人祸不断，但这丝毫没有影响人们出游的兴致，出游意愿空前高涨。去年 12 月亚洲发生了特大海啸，近期克什米尔发生了地震，伦敦和巴厘岛也相继发生了自杀性爆炸事件，包括热门旅游目的地在内的许多地区都遭受了类似天灾人祸的影响。尽管如此，一些旅游胜地灾后旅游业复苏强劲，游客数量甚至超过了灾前水平。
natural or man-made disasters 天灾人祸；
tsunami 海啸；
suicide bombings 自杀式爆炸事件；
among other places on or off the tourist trail 包括热门旅游目的地在内的许多地区；
bounce back 恢复健康(或信心等)；重整旗鼓（SYN: recover）；
among other places on or off the tourist trail 包括热门旅游目的地在内的许多地区，处理极好，韩老师还是有很多地方值得学习的。。。
亚洲是我们共同的家园，亚洲的和平、稳定、发展关系到亚洲各国人民的共同命运。 我们高兴地看到，在当前总体和平稳定的国际环境下，亚洲也迎来了有史以来较为稳定的和平发展时期。这就是一个最重要的新机会。
Asia is the home of all of us. Peace, stability and development in Asia are crucial to the well-being of the people in our region. We are heartened to see that just as the world today enjoys overall peace and stability, so Asia is in a relatively stable and peaceful period for development rarely seen in its history. We often say that Asia should seize an opportunity for win-win progress. Now we are faced with this important opportunity.
家园 home
关系到…… be crucial to sth；
亚洲各国人民的共同命运 the well-being of the people in our region；
很高兴地看到 be heartened to see that；
总体和平稳定的环境 enjoy overall peace and stability；
抓住机遇 seize an opportunity；
面临，面对 be faced with；
家园翻成了homeland，好像不太好，homeland一般指祖国、故乡；
明显的韩式译法。。。继续学习，希望不要中毒太深。。。
Many companies get into exporting almost by happenstance: Most export sales are simply a spin-off from domestic contracts. Similarly, most agent and distributor relationships are born from random inquiries or chance meetings at trade shows.
许多公司开展出口业务几乎纯属偶然：大部分出口销售业务只是从国内业务中剥离出去的一小部分。类似的情况是，大多数公司与代理商和分销商的关系也来源于随机的查询或是贸易展会上的偶然相遇。
happenstance 意外事件，偶然事件
spin-off 副产品，衍生物
are born from 来源于
random 随机的，任意的
chance meeting 偶然相遇，邂逅
trade shows 贸易展会
有小伙伴把export sales/domestic contracts 处理成外销/内销，这样处理很好，简单又准确；另外我觉得inquiry应该译成询盘比较好。
中国是农业大国，在中国成为发达国家的道路上，农业有着决定性的作用。中国的农业应该是世界的奇迹，养活了 13亿的人口，解决了世界 1/5人口的吃饭问题，对中国经济的快速发展起到了坚实的保障作用。
Agriculture holds the key to China's ambition to be a fully developed country. As a major agricultural economy, China has made an agricultural miracle happen, as it has managed to feed its 1.3 billion people, roughly 1/5 of the world's total. Agriculture represents a solid underpinner/bedrock/groundwork/foreground for China's economic boom.
有着决定性的作用 hold the key to
中国的农业应该是世界的奇迹 China has made an agricultural miracle happen
对中国经济的快速发展起到了坚实的保障作用 Agriculture represents a solid underpinner/bedrock/groundwork/foreground for China's economic boom.
hold the key to China's ambition to be a fully developed country第一次见这个表达；
养活13亿人口与解决世界1/5人口的吃饭问题是一个意思，后半句只处理1/5就行。
Strolling beside Amsterdam's oldest canals, where buildings carry dates like 1541 and 1603, it is easy to imagine the city's prosperity in the 17th century. Replace today's bicycles and cars with horse-drawn carts, add more barges on the waterways, and this is essentially how Amsterdam must have looked to Rembrandt as he did his rounds of wealthy merchants.
阿姆斯特丹古老的运河旁矗立着许多年代久远的老建筑，在这里（甚至）能看到 1541 年和 1603 年修建的建筑。沿着这些运河徜徉漫步，人们不禁会浮想：17 世纪的阿姆斯特丹该是何等的繁华！当年伦布朗在这里为富商巨贾作画，他眼中的阿姆斯特丹想必是马车熙攘，驳船如织，一派繁忙景象，而今天的阿姆斯特丹则是自行车和汽车的天下，河道水运已不复往昔。
stroll 漫步，闲逛
buildings carry dates like 1541 1541 年修建的建筑
Such musings are not, of course, unprompted. This year, Amsterdam is celebrating the 400th anniversary of Rembrandt's birth, and it is hard to escape his shadow. His birthplace in Leiden, 20 miles south, has naturally organized its own festivities. But Amsterdam has two advantages: it boasts the world's largest Rembrandt collection — and tourists like to come here anyway.
当然，产生这种联想对比自有缘由。今年恰逢伦布朗 400 周年诞辰纪念，阿姆斯特 丹到处都有伦布朗的“身影”。作为伦布朗的出生地、位于阿姆斯特丹以南 20 英里的莱顿也举办了各种纪念活动。不过，阿姆斯特丹的纪念活动有两大优势：一是这里关于伦布朗的收藏品是世界上最多的，二是阿姆斯特丹本身就是旅游胜地。
musings 沉思，冥想
unprompted 自发的，未受提示的
True, anniversaries can be pretty corny, but what city resists them? This year, Amsterdam is competing with Salzburg, where Mozart was born 250 years ago, and Aix-en-Provence, where Cézanne died a century ago. A sign in Amsterdam's tourist office by the Central Station hints at one motive for such occasions: “Buy your Rembrandt products here.”
诚然，周年纪念活动难免落入俗套，但又有哪个城市能抵制住诱惑呢？今年除了阿姆斯特丹的伦布朗周年纪念活动，还有萨尔斯堡的莫扎特 250 周年纪念活动以及艾克司普罗旺斯的塞尚逝世百年祭活动。在中央车站附近的阿姆斯特丹旅游办公室里有一个贴士，曰：“可在此购买伦布朗纪念品，”可以说为此类纪念活动一语道破天机。
corny 老套的，陈腐的，粗野的
hint at 暗示
Still， if you start off by liking Rembrandt, as I do, there is much to discover. For instance, when in Amsterdam I always make a point of paying homage to the Rembrandt masterpieces in the Rijksmuseum, yet until now I had never bothered to visit Rembrandt House, where the painter lived from 1639 until driven out by bankruptcy in 1658. In brief, I had never much connected his art to his person.
不过，如果你同我一样是伦布朗的拥趸者，那么，此时到访阿姆斯特丹还是很有意义的/也肯定不虚此行。比如，以前只要到阿姆斯特丹，我都会专程去国立博物馆欣赏伦布朗的杰作，然而，我之前从没有想过要去参观伦布朗故居。伦布朗从 1639 年起开始在这里居住，一直到1639 年因破产而不得不搬离此地。总之，此前我从没有将伦布朗的艺术创作与其个人生活联系在一起。
make a point 立论，重视，说明看法
pay homage to 表示敬意
Now, at least, I have made a stab at doing so because, for this anniversary (he was born on July 15, 1606), Amsterdam has organized a host of events that offer insights into Rembrandt's world. They highlight not only what is known about his life, but also the people he painted and the city he lived in from the age of 25 until his death at 63 in 1669.
伦布朗出生于 1606 年 7 月 15 日，阿姆斯特丹为他举办的一系列诞辰纪念活动向人们展示了伦布朗的个人世界，我也得以开始尝试了解这位艺术巨匠的私人生活。伦布朗从25 岁开始直到他63 岁（1669 年）去世一直生活在阿姆斯特丹。纪念活动不仅展示了早已为人所知的伦布朗的个人生活，而且还突出展示了伦布朗画作中相关人物的背景以及他生活过的这座城市的旧有风貌。
have/make/take a stab at doing 尝试做某事
a host of 许多，大量
offer insights into 使人们了解，向人们展示
Although the Rijksmuseum is undergoing a massive renovation through 2009, the museum is not snubbing its favorite son. Throughout the year, in part of the building to be renovated last, it is presenting some 400 paintings and other 17th-century objects representing the Golden Age in which Rembrandt prospered. These include works by Jan Steen, Vermeer and Frans Hals as well as by Rembrandt and his pupils. And they climax with Rembrandt's largest and best known oil, “The Night Watch,” itself the focus of “Nightwatching,” a light and sound installation by the British movie director and Amsterdam resident, Peter Greenaway.
国立博物馆现正进行大修，要到 2009 年才能完工，不过伦布朗作为该博物馆的宠儿并未受到冷落。该博物馆分段进行翻修，按计划暂不翻修的区域全年都将展示17 世纪伦布朗发迹的那个黄金时代的约400 幅画作和其他代表作品，其中包括扬•斯滕、韦梅尔、弗朗斯•哈尔斯以及伦布朗的名作，还有伦布朗学生的一些画作。镇馆之宝当属伦布朗的巨幅名作、油画《夜巡》。现居阿姆斯特丹的英国电影导演彼得•格林纳威的电影《夜巡》 就是围绕伦布朗的这幅名作而展开的。
is undergoing a massive renovation 正进行大修
snub 冷落，斥责
prosper 繁荣，成功
climax with 镇馆之宝为
largest and best known oil 巨幅名作
有的地方意译比较多，比如第一段最后一句；
翻的时候要注意处理句式，调整语序，长句切分；忠于作者的同时要忠于读者，说的像中国话才行。
四川从今年开始将新建三个大熊猫自然保护区，使全省的大熊猫自然保护区达到 40 个，以确保 50%左右的大熊猫栖息地和 60%左右的野生大熊猫个体分布在保护区内。 目前，四川省共有 37 个大熊猫自然保护区，占地 200 多万公顷，其中国家级大熊猫自然保护区 11 个。据第三次全国大熊猫普查，四川省野外的大熊猫数量为 1206 只，约占全国 的 76%。全省大熊猫栖息地面积达到 177 万公顷，占全国的 77%。
Three new nature reserves for giant pandas are to be added to the existing protection network in Sichuan from this year. These new shelters will, once in place, bring the total number of natural refuges for the endangered species to 40 in the southwestern province of China. All the conservation areas promise to cover 50% of all habitats of giant pandas, providing shelter for roughly 60% of the wild population. At the moment, Sichuan is home to 37 nature reserves dedicated to giant pandas, 11 of which are state-level. These sanctuaries cover a combined area of over 2 million hectares. According to the third national census on giant panda population, 1206 giant pandas or 76% of the national total are living in the wild in Sichuan. Habitat area of giant pandas in the province stands at 1.77 million hectares, accounting for 77% of the national total.
自然保护区 nature reserves
第三次全国大熊猫普查 the third national census on giant panda population
达到 stand at
全国总数 the national total
be home to 是...的所在地
国家水平 state-level
sanctuaries 圣殿，庇护所
cover a combined area of 共占地。。
20 世纪 50 年代，中国就创立了第一个以保护大熊猫为目的的自然保护区。1992 年 中国政府启动了一个旨在全面彻底保护大熊猫栖息地的“中国保护大熊猫及其栖息地工 程”，1998 年开展了天然林保护、退耕还林等生态工程建设，这些工程开展以后，大熊猫 生存繁衍状况明显好转。
Back in 1950s, China established the first-ever nature reserve dedicated to giant pandas. In 1992, the Chinese government embarked on a massive project designed to protect giant pandas and their habitats. And in 1998 China set in motion natural forest protection and grain-for-green/farmland-to-forest programs. As a result, giant pandas today live in much better habitats. Over time, all these endeavors have made a visible difference in the habitat well-being of giant pandas.
以...为目的 dedicated to
启动项目 embark on/set in motion
退耕还林 grain-for-green/farmland-to-forest
made a visible difference in 有影响，有作用
大熊猫 生存繁衍状况 the habitat well-being of giant pandas
大熊猫是世界上最珍贵的濒危动物之一，被称为活化石。目前，野生大熊猫仅存 1590 只左右，主要分布在四川和陕西。
As one of the most endangered species in the world, the giant panda is billed as/dubbed the living fossil. At this point, only about 1590 giant pandas remain in the wild, mainly in Sichuan and Shaanxi provinces.
濒危动物 endangered species
被称为 is billed as/dubbed
活化石 living fossil
第一段感觉有点啰嗦，不过很多表达值得学习，比如be added to the existing protection network， promise to cover等等；另外，韩刚很喜欢well-being这个词啊，还有as。