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ScalersTalk笔译专练小组第37周训练日志
笔译群是Scalerstalk旗下专攻笔译的训练组织，初步设定翻译量目标为十万字。群内活动主要包括周一到周五的每日一句和周末的周任务。如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请猛戳链接： 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（QQ：9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到Kevin或瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。以上三个群都不在的小伙伴，可先申请加入C群（群号：456036104，验证消息：ScalersTalk）。笔译训练小组目前50人，每两周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员，每进一位，便移除排在末尾的一位。
下面是笔译训练群的第三十七周（2016.01.04—01.10）训练日志，共包括五个每日一句（英译汉，汉译英）和一个周训练（英译汉，汉译英），均包括原文，参考译文，词汇整理以及相关点评。材料主要来源于外刊，政府工作报告以及笔译教材。
The events shocked Mr. Hayardeny, a technologist who lives in Seattle, into thinking about his own mortality and how he wanted to prepare a legacy for his children. He is certainly not the first man in his 50s to get his affairs in order after losing relatives or friends.
这些事让这名生活在西雅图的技术专家感到震惊，促使他考虑自己的死亡，以及他希望如何给孩子准备遗产的问题。他肯定不是50多岁的人当中，第一个在失去亲人或朋友后就安排好一切的人。
mortality 死亡；
in one’s 50s 在某人五十多岁；
get his affairs in order 安排好一切；
这句话还是挺简单的，每次我见到morality都要和moral（道德的）混淆；
增速稳，国内生产总值达到63.6万亿元，比上年增长7.4%，在世界主要经济体中名列前茅。
The growth rate was steady. China’s GDP reached 63.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.4% over the previous year, making China one of the fastest-growing major economies in the world.
稳定 steady；
达到 reach；
万亿 trillion；
上年 previous year；
在世界主要经济体中名列前茅 one of the fastest-growing major economies in the world；
“名列前茅”其实就是在“发展最快的之一”，别被成语吓到。
The reasons that boys react more negatively to disadvantage are varied and hard to pinpoint. Even in utero, boys are more sensitive to extreme stress than girls, and tend to have more unruly temperaments. Society discourages boys from showing vulnerability. Low-income families are often led by single mothers, which have been found to affect boys differently than girls.
男孩对不利因素反应更负面的原因各不相同，难以准确概括。即使是在子宫内，男孩亦比女孩更容易受极端压力的影响，往往比女孩任性。社会风气不鼓励男孩向他人展示脆弱的一面。低收入家庭通常都以单身母亲为首，这样的家庭对男孩和女孩造成不同的影响。
pinpoint(v.)明确指出，确定（位置或时间）；
in utero 在子宫内，尚未出生时；
be sensitive to 易受……影响；
unruly 难以驾驭的，难以控制的；
vulnerability 脆弱；
single mothers 单亲母亲；
哈哈，原来男人从没出生的时候就比女人承担的压力大。
政务公开深入推进，政府重大决策和政策以多种形式向社会广泛征求意见。完成第三次全国经济普查。改革信访工作制度。
We took thorough steps to increase transparency in government operations, and used multiple means to widely solicit comments from the public on major government decisions and policies. The third national economic census was completed. We reformed the system for handling public complaints made in the form of letters or visits.
深入推进 take thorough steps to；
透明度 transparency；
多种形式 multiple means；
广泛征求意见 to widely solicit comments；
政府重大决策和政策 major government decisions and policies；
经济普查 economic census；
信访工作制度 the system for handling public complaints made in the form of letters or visits；
政府工作报告里的好多词汇都是固定说法，比如经济普查、信访工作制度等。
Oil experts say the Vaca Muerta is probably just a start for Argentina, long a middle-ranked oil producer. Mr. Lynch noted that YPF had explored only 100 square miles out of 5,000 square miles in the whole shale deposit, and other oil companies working in the area had not announced any discoveries yet.
石油专家们称，瓦卡穆埃尔塔很可能为阿根廷拉开新的序幕。长期以来，阿根廷一直都是一个中等规模的产油国。林奇（Lynch）先生说，整个页岩油田面积达 5,000 平方英里，YPF 只是对其中的 100 平方英里进行了勘探，在此油田进行勘探的其他石油公司尚未公布勘探结果。
a middle-ranked oil producer 中等规模的产油国；
shale deposit 页岩油田；
long a middle-ranked oil producer. 译者把long提出来单独处理成一句话，我们也要学习这种译法；
producer 在不同的语境下有不同的译法，这里是指“生产国”，还可指“生产商”、“生产井”等等。
另一方面，推动大众创业、万众创新。这既可以扩大就业、增加居民收入，又有利于促进社会纵向流动和公平正义。
At the same time, we will also encourage people to start their own businesses and to make innovations, which will not only create more jobs and increase personal incomes, but also improve upwards social mobility and social equity and justice.
大众创业、万众创新 encourage people to start their own businesses and to make innovations；
扩大就业 create more jobs；
增加居民收入 increase personal incomes；
促进社会纵向流动 improve upwards social mobility；
社会公平正义 social equity and justice；
*社会流动主要分为横向流动与纵向流动。纵向流动主要是指社会成员社会地位的变化，包括个人的纵向流动以及代际的流动，比如普通农民变化到集团总裁就是一种向上流动，父亲小学毕业儿子大学毕业也是一种向上流动；反之，就是向下流动。都属于纵向流动。（来自网络搜索结果）
At first, Dr. Hilborn said in an interview, “the fisheries management people would go to lunch and the marine ecologists would go to lunch” — separately. But soon they were collecting and sharing data and recruiting more colleagues to analyze it.
希尔本博士在接受采访时称，最初“渔业管理学家与海洋生态学家分开吃午饭”。不过， 没过多久，两个阵营就开始收集、共享数据，并招募更多同事来分析数据。
marine ecologists 海洋生态学家；
separately 分开地，单独地；
*“the fisheries management people would go to lunch and the marine ecologists would go to lunch” — separately.第一次看到这种表达方法。
在奥运会期间，应该说执行得很好，基本上实行无烟奥运，受到各国运动员的好评。但是在奥运会、残奥会结束后，这些规定的执行没有很好延续下来，巩固发扬成效，反而出现反弹。
Beijing won wide acclaim from the international athletic community during the proceedings of the Olympic Games in 2008 thanks to rigorous implementation of tobacco control measures that resulted in a “no-tobacco” Olympics. Yet, the best practice failed to persist following the Olympics and Paralympics, and tobacco use staged rebounded.
受到好评 win wide acclaim from；
各国运动员 international athletic community；
严格的执行rigorous implementation；
控烟措施 tobacco control measures；
残奥会 Paralympics；
出现反弹 stage rebounded；
*stage这里用的是动词含义to make sth happen: The dollar staged a recovery earlier today. 今天早些时候,美元出现回升。
Humans are bad at assessing risk, Martin Seif, a psychologist who specializes in treating anxiety disorders and the fear of flying, said in an interview. This means that when we fear the worst, it’s hard to rationalize that the outcome of, say, a flight or a train ride, is incredibly likely to be safe. But you have to try.
专门治疗飞行恐惧和焦虑症的心理学家马丁•西夫(Martin Seif)在一次采访中表示：人类非常不善于做风险评估。这意味着我们总担心会发生最坏的结果，在这种情况下，确实很难理性地认识到乘飞机或者火车出行之类的事其实是非常安全的。但你一定要尽力去做这样的尝试。
*be bad at 不善于做……；
assessing risk 风险评估；
psychologist 心理学家；
specializes in treating 专门治疗；
rationalize 对……进行理性地解释；
psychologist心理学家，philosopher哲学家，physicist 物理学家这几个词经常混淆。
要改革中央财政科技计划管理方式，建立公开统一的国家科技管理平台。把亿万人民的聪明才智调动起来，就一定能够迎来万众创新的浪潮。
We need to reform the management of science and technology plans funded by the central government to establish an open and unified national science and technology management platform. By giving free rein to the talent and ingenuity of the Chinese people, we will welcome in a new high tide of popular innovation.
中央 central government；
财政科技计划管理方式 the management of science and technology plans；
公开统一的国家科技管理平台an open and unified national science and technology management platform；
把……调动起来 give free rein to sth；
聪明才智 talent and ingenuity；
万众创新的浪潮 a new high tide of popular innovation；
“把什么什么调动起来”我们可能很难想到“rein”这个词汇，其余的都还不算难。
SAN FRANCISCO — California is not quite ready to let self-driving cars hit the road on their own.
旧金山——加州还没完全准备好让自动驾驶汽车上路！
hit the road 上路；
The state’s Department of Motor Vehicles on Wednesday issued a draft of potential regulations for putting regular people behind the wheel of autonomous vehicles. The draft is a big step toward legal recognition of self-driving technology, but it comes with significant requirements.
加州机动车管理局星期三公布了一部草拟的法规，规定自动汽车驾驶盘后得坐着一个真正的人。这个草案是向法律承认自动驾驶技术迈进的一大步，可是门槛很高。
*issue a draft of potential regulations 公布了一部草拟的法规；
a big step toward 迈向……的一大步；
self-driving technology 自动驾驶技术；
The D.M.V. proposal would mandate that autonomous vehicles be operated by a licensed driver who could take over if necessary. That driver would also be on the hook for traffic violations.
机动车管理局的草案是：规定自动汽车在必要的时候应该转由持证的驾驶人操控，该驾驶人也难逃交通违规之责。
mandate 操控，控制；
be on the hook for traffic violations 难逃交通违规之责
The manufacturers of self-driving cars would have to subject their vehicles to a third-party safety test. And they would apply for three-year permits that would allow them to lease but not sell self-driving cars to the public.
自动驾驶汽车的制造商必须将汽车交由第三方做安全测试。他们必须申请为期三年的许可证，许可出租车辆而不能卖给公众。
*subject to 提交；
third-party safety test 第三方安全测试；
lease 出租；
Manufacturers would also have to regularly report accidents, come up with security measures to prevent hackers from taking over cars, and tell passengers what kind of data, beyond whatever information is needed to safely run the car, the companies are collecting about them.
制造商也得定期报告车祸，设计出安全措施以避免骇客掌控车辆，得告知乘客除了安全驾车所需数据之外，汽车公司还收集了乘客的哪些资料。
Self-driving cars are already a common sight around California, particularly in Mountain View, where Google is based and often tests the vehicles. But outside of press events and other private showings, regular people have yet to operate them.
自动驾驶汽车在加州已经是个常见的景象，尤其是在山景市，因为是谷歌总部所在，自动汽车经常在此测试。可是除了新闻发布和私人展示以外，一般人很少开这类车。
outside of press events 除了新闻发布；
Google’s self-driving-car project is focused on producing a fully autonomous car, and its prototype does not have pedals or a steering wheel, though Google does add a steering wheel and other controls when it tests the vehicles on public roads.
谷歌的自动驾驶汽车设计重点在生产一种全自动车，设计原型甚至没有脚踏板或驾驶盘，虽然在公路上测试的时候谷歌还是加上了驾驶盘和其他的控制机件。
prototype 原型；
pedal 脚踏板；
steering wheel 驾驶盘；
While the draft released Wednesday does not directly address vehicles like the Google prototype, the D.M.V. said it believed that “manufacturers need to obtain more experience in testing driverless vehicles on public roads prior to making this technology available to the general public.”
星期三公布的草案并不是针对谷歌自动车原型，但是机动车管理局说他们坚信“在提供这项产品给公众之前，制造商得先在公路上测试无人车以获取更多经验。”
obtain more experience 获取更多的经验；
prior to 在……之前；
“The department will address the unique safety, performance and equipment requirements associated with fully autonomous vehicles without the presence of a driver in subsequent regulatory packages,” the draft read.
这份草案说：“管理局在随后的规章中会论及无人全自动车独特的安全、性能和装备标准。”
subsequent 随后，后来；
Google’s autonomous vehicle effort is part of the X division of Alphabet, a holding company formed in August to separate Google’s search and advertising businesses from more speculative projects.
谷歌自动汽车项目属于字母公司X部门的一部分。字母公司是8月成立的一家控股公司，把谷歌的研究与广告业务跟风险项目分开。
a holding company 控股公司；
speculative projects 风险项目；
But self-driving cars are likely to be spun off into their own division soon. In September, Alphabet hired John Krafcik, an auto industry veteran, to be chief executive of the division, at which point the company said the self-driving-car unit, while not yet a stand-alone company, was “a good candidate to become one at some point in the future.”
可是自动驾驶汽车很可能不久就会转入谷歌自己的部门。9月时，字母公司聘用了汽车工业的老手约翰•克拉夫奇为这个部门的首席执行官，当时字母公司宣称自动汽车部门虽然还不是成绩斐然，但是“将来很可能脱颖而出。”
spin off into 转入；
stand-alone 独立的；
文中“自动驾驶汽车”用了好多种不同的表达，比如autonomous，driverless等；
最后一段中“while not yet a stand-alone company”，译者处理成了“虽然还不是成绩斐然”，首先这句话就有语病，其次stand-alone这里应该是“独立的”意思。
我们要建立平等相待、互商互谅的伙伴关系。联合国宪章贯穿主权平等原则。世界的前途命运必须由各国共同掌握。世界各国一律平等，不能以大压小、以强凌弱、以富欺贫。主权原则不仅体现在各国主权和领土完整不容侵犯、内政不容干涉，还应该体现在各国自主选择社会制度和发展道路的权利应当得到维护，体现在各国推动经济社会发展、改善人民生活的实践应当受到尊重。
We should build partnerships in which countries treat each other as equals, engage in mutual consultation and show mutual understanding. The principle of sovereign equality underpins the UN Charter. The future of the world must be shaped by all countries. All countries are equals. The big, strong and rich should not bully the small, weak and poor. The principle of sovereignty not only means that the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries are inviolable and their internal affairs are not subjected to interference. It also means that all countries' right to independently choose social systems and development paths should be upheld, and that all countries' endeavors to promote economic and social development and improve their people's lives should be respected.
互商互谅engage in mutual consultation and show mutual understanding；
联合国宪章 UN Chart；
主权平等的原则the principle of sovereign equality；
贯穿 underpin；
欺凌bully；
领土完整 territorial integrity；
不受侵犯 inviolable；
内政 internal affairs；
不受侵犯 are not subjected to interference；
维护 uphold；
我们要坚持多边主义，不搞单边主义；要奉行双赢、多赢、共赢的新理念，扔掉我赢你输、赢者通吃的旧思维。协商是民主的重要形式，也应该成为现代国际治理的重要方法，要倡导以对话解争端、以协商化分歧。我们要在国际和区域层面建设全球伙伴关系，走出一条“对话而不对抗，结伴而不结盟”的国与国交往新路。大国之间相处，要不冲突、不对抗、相互尊重、合作共赢。大国与小国相处，要平等相待，践行正确义利观，义利相兼，义重于利。
We should be committed to multilateralism and reject unilateralism. We should adopt a new vision of seeking win-win outcomes for all, and reject the outdated mindset that one's gain means the other's loss or that the winner shall take all. Consultation is an important form of democracy, and it should also become an important means of exercising contemporary international governance. We should resolve disputes and differences through dialogue and consultation. We should forge a global partnership at both international and regional levels, and embrace a new approach to state-to-state relations, one that features dialogue rather than confrontation, and seeks partnership rather than alliance. Major countries should follow the principles of no conflict, no confrontation, mutual respect and win-win cooperation in handling their relations. Big countries should treat small countries as equals, and take a right approach to justice and interests by putting justice before interests.
多边主义 multilateralism；
单边主义 unilateralism；
坚持 be committed to；
新理念 a new vision；
旧思维 outdated mindset；
我赢你输、赢者通吃 one's gain means the other's loss or that the winner shall take all；
现代国际治理 contemporary international governance；
解争端化分歧 resolve disputes and differences；
建设全球伙伴关系forge a global partnership；
冲突、对抗confrontation；
义重于利 putting justice before interests；
高级笔译期末考试就考了这里的其中的一段话，这简直是太巧合了。然而我没做就简单地看了看。