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ScalersTalk笔译专练小组第29周训练日志
笔译群是ScalersTalk旗下专攻笔译的训练组织，初步设定翻译量目标为十万字。群内活动主要包括周一到周五的每日一句和周末的周任务。如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请猛戳链接： 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（QQ：9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到Kevin或瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。以上三个群都不在的小伙伴，可先申请加入C群（群号：456036104，验证消息：ScalersTalk）。笔译训练小组目前50人，每两周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员，每进一位，便移除排在末尾的一位。
下面是笔译训练群的第二十九周（2015.11.09—11.15）训练日志，共包括五个每日一句（英译汉，汉译英）和一个周训练（英译汉，汉译英），均包括原文，参考译文，词汇整理以及相关点评。材料主要来源于外刊，政府工作报告以及笔译教材。
Now, less than two years after Mr. Jobs’s death, Ms. Powell Jobs is becoming somewhat less private. She has tiptoed into the public sphere, pushing her agenda in education as well as global conservation, nutrition and immigration policy.
现如今，乔布斯先生去世不到两年，波尔威·乔布斯女士逐渐受到公众的关注。她开始悄然进入公众视野，推动她在教育领域的公益事业，并且还将关注点转向了全球生态保护，营养问题和移民政策等领域。
become somewhat less private 逐渐受到公众的关注；
tiptoe into 悄然进入……；
public sphere 公众视野；
global conservation 全球生态保护；
immigration policy 移民政策；
“is becoming somewhat less private” 参考译文采用了“反译法”，即本来原文的意思是“变得不那么低调了”，但这么说的话略带贬义，所以参考译文巧妙的从反面来处理：“逐渐受到公众的关注”。
改革开放以来，中国金融业伴随现代化建设而快速成长，但实现持续发展依然任重道远。
The reform and opening-up has witnessed rapid growth of China's financial sector together with the modernization of the country. However, it still remains a long and arduous task for China to sustain this momentum of growth.
改革开放 the reform and opening-up；
金融业 financial sector；
伴随…… together with；
现代化建设 modernization；
任重道远 a long and arduous task for；
实现可持续发展 to sustain this momentum of growth；
该句将“改革开放以来”处理成译文中的名词主语，将主句译为该句的宾语。虽然汉语是一个完整的语句，但我们注意到，汉语中前后两个意群的主语并不一致，而且还有转折的关联词。因此，我们可以将其拆分成两个单句来译。
The archivists requested a donkey, but what they got from the mayor’s office were four wary black sheep, which, as of Wednesday morning, were chewing away at a lumpy field of grass beside the municipal archives building as the City of Paris’s newest, shaggiest lawn mowers. Mayor Bertrand Delano has made the environment a priority since his election in 2001, with popular bike‐ and car‐sharing programs, an expanded network of designated lanes for bicycles and buses, and an enormous project to pedestrianize the banks along much of the Seine.
档案保管员们想要一头驴子，可市长办公室却给了四只黑绵羊。这四只绵羊从周三早上开始就一直在市档案馆旁边的草地上吃草。这些绵羊可谓是巴黎最新潮的割草机，一身长毛柔软蓬松。自 2001 年当选以来，市长伯特兰•德拉诺（Bertrand Delanoë）就一直把环境问题作为工作的重中之重，推出了共用自行车和汽车活动，增建了自行车和公交车通道，并且把部分塞纳河沿岸改造成步行区。
archivist 档案管理员；
sheep 绵羊，goat 山羊；
wary 小心的，谨慎的；
lumpy: covered with or containing small solid pieces 布满团块的; 有团块的: a lumpy mattress 不平整的床垫；
shaggy 头发或皮毛蓬乱的a huge shaggy white dog 皮毛乱蓬蓬的大白狗；
lawn mower 割草机；
pedestrianize 使成为步行区；
参考译文有多处漏译，比如wary black sheep应该是“机警的黑绵羊”而参考译文是“黑绵羊”；a lumpy field of grass 应该是“高低不平的草地”，参考译文是“草地”；an enormous project to pedestrianize the banks along much of the Seine应该是“实施大型工程，将部分塞纳河沿岸改造成步行区”，而参考译文漏译了“an enormous project”
清朝建立后，由于它的建立者本身也是游牧民族，他们觉得没有必要继续修筑长城。不过，清政府还是颁布法令对长城进行保护，禁止拆砖。但是，岁月的流逝和连续战乱使人们易到之处遭到了严重的破坏。十几年来，蓬勃发展的旅游业促进了长城的修缮工程。目前，多处长城已经修复，或正在修缮中。
After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, since its founders were themselves nomads, they did not see a need to continue with wall building. Nonetheless, the Qing government did institute a law to preserve the wall, banning the removal of bricks from it. But, the impact of time and continuous wars has left the wall greatly damaged in its most accessible sections.
Over the past 10-plus years, the booming tourist industry has stimulated the Great wall's renovation project. Now, many of its sections have been or are being revamped.
游牧民族 nomad；
觉得做某事没必要 do not see a need to do sth；
不过 nonetheless；
颁布法令 institute a law；
保护长城 preserve the wall；
禁止拆砖 to ban the removal of bricks from the wall；
岁月的流逝 the impact of time；
连年的战乱 continuous wars；
十几年来 over the past 10-plus years；
蓬勃发展的旅游业 booming tourist industry；
促进 stimulate；
修缮工作 renovation project；
修改，翻新，改进 revamp: to change something in order to improve it and make it seem more modern；
颁布 institute，保护 preserve，促进 stimulate，修缮 revamp多积累些灵活的动词。
“We have established this as a strategic objective, a long-term commitment to break through the American market,” said Corina Suteu, who leads the New York branch of the European Union National Institutes for Culture and directs the Romanian Cultural Institute. “For nations in Europe, be they small or large, literature will always be one of the keys of their cultural existence, and we recognize that this is the only way we are going to be able to make that literature present in the United States.”
科瑞娜•苏图（Corina Suteu）是欧盟国家文化研究所纽约分部负责人，也是罗马尼亚文化研究所所长。她说，“我们将征服美国市场作为一个长期战略目标。对于欧洲各国而言，无论国家大小，文学将一直是各国文化的核心要素，我们也认识到，上述举措是让欧洲文学立足美国的必由之路。”
a strategic objective 战略目标；
break through the American market 征服美国市场；
make that literature present in 让文学立足于；
“作为……的负责人” 既可以用lead还有direct；“国家无论大小”可以处理成For nations in Europe, be they small or large；
1882年中国第一盏电灯在上海点亮，这使得中国逐渐告别了油灯和蜡烛照明的历史，当时使用的电灯就是白炽灯，这一用就是130年，中国也成为白炽灯的生产和消费大国。
In 1882, China's first-ever electric light made its debut in Shanghai, heralding/ushering in a new era when kerosene lamps and illuminating candles as light sources were phased out/were made a thing of the past/were consigned to history. Back then, the one and only electric light source available in China was the incandescent lamp, a device that has been prevalent/dominant in China's illumination space/scene/field for 130 years. As such, China has emerged as a leading producer and consumer of incandescents in the world.
第一盏电灯 first-ever electric light；
(演员或运动员等的)首次登台，初次亮相；〔新事物的〕问世: debut / deiˈbjuː / （注意t不发音）；
引领新时代 herald/usher in a new era；
煤油灯 kerosene/ ˈkerəsiːn / lamps；
照明用蜡烛 illuminating candles；
光源 light source；
某事物被废除，抛弃 be phased out/ be made a thing of the past/ be consigned to history；
白炽灯 incandescent lamp；
成为……emerge as；
生产和消费大国 a leading producer and consumer；
“第一盏电灯” 不要看见“第一”就是“first”，用“first-ever”更地道，更恰当；“生产和消费大国”这里的“国家”完全可以用“producer和consumer” 代替。
Can we have our fish and eat it too? An unusual collaboration of marine ecologists and fisheries management scientists says the answer may be yes.
In a research paper in Friday's issue of the journal Science, the two groups, long at odds with each other, offer a global assessment of the world's saltwater fish and their environments.
渔业发展能否做到“鱼与熊掌”兼得？海洋生态学家与渔业管理学家之间进行的非同寻常的合作表明，二者或可兼得。
周五发行的新一期《科学》杂志刊登了一份研究报告，向来势不两立的这两大派别在报告中对咸水鱼及其生存环境作了全球性评估。
collaboration 合作，协作；
marine ecologist 海洋生态学家；
fisheries management scientists 渔业管理学家；
be at odds (with sb) (over / on sth) (就某事)与…有分歧: He's always at odds with his father over politics. 他在政治上总是与他父亲的意见相左。
assessment 评估；
saltwater fish 咸水鱼；
这两句话还是挺简单的，Can we have our fish and eat it too?参考译文处理成了“鱼和熊掌兼得”。我认为类似套语的翻译如果我们没有十足的把握的话尽量还是本分的直译，免得弄巧成拙。
吸烟“贡献大”。吸烟是为国家做贡献、创造财富、增加税收、脱贫致富、解决就业。 没有烟民，国家哪能每年收入几千个亿元税收，解决上千万人的就业，国家应感谢烟民，从而为吸烟找到所谓正当理由。
Tobacco use “makes strong economic sense”. Those tobacco defenders make a strong case for tobacco use, arguing that tobacco production, manufacturing and consumption create wealth and add tax revenue to the state coffer, create jobs and help lift many out of poverty. Tobacco ban means, according to them, a multi-billion-yuan loss in tax revenue each year and tens of millions of job losses at the same time. In this sense, it is the hardcore tobacco users that the country owes a lot to, they say.
增加税收 add tax revenue；
国库 state coffer；
脱贫致富 lift many out of poverty；
损失几千个亿 a multi-billion-yuan loss；
中坚的，骨干的hardcore: hard-core party members 核心党员；
注意开头的“吸烟贡献大”，这里的“贡献”要结合后文来谈，不能简单的处理成“contributions”，而是“为经济做出了很大的贡献”；
It was "Brief Lives," a 17th-century collection of biographies by John Aubrey, that linked Shakespeare to the inn, saying that he had stayed there and drawn inspiration for the comedy while in the village.
One of the current owners, Nick Underwood, said the local lore goes even further: "It is also said he appears at the oriel window on the top floor of the house on April 23 every year -- the date he is said to have been born and to have died."
发现莎士比亚与这个小旅馆之间存在渊源的是约翰•欧伯雷编著的十七世纪传记选集《名人简传》。传记中提到，莎士比亚在这个村庄逗留时一直下榻该旅馆，并在此为创作喜剧《仲夏夜之梦》汲取了大量灵感。
尼克•安德伍德现在与他人共同拥有这座房产。他说，当地有关这座房产的传说更是神乎其神：“莎士比亚每年4月23号都会出现在顶楼的凸窗旁，据说这天既是他的生日也是他的忌日。”
collection 作品集；
biography 传记；
inn 小旅馆；
draw inspiration for 为……汲取灵感；
lore:〔口头流传的关于某一主题的〕知识; 传说: According to local lore, a ghost still haunts the castle. 根据当地人的传说，城堡里至今仍然闹鬼。
oriel window 凸肚窗；
参考译文有几处处理的真的非常棒。比如link to 参考译文处理成了“什么和什么的渊源”；the date he is said to have been born and to have died 参考译文处理成了“生日和忌日”。
贺兰山岩画在山口内外分布着近 6000 幅岩画，其中罕为人见的人面像岩画就有 70 幅之多。据考证，贺兰山口岩画是不同时期先后刻制的，大多为北方游牧民族创作岩画造型粗犷稚拙、构图朴实自然，牛、马、驴、鹿、鸟、虎等动物栩栩如生，各种人头的造型同样是千奇百态。
Of nearly 6,000 rock paintings inside and outside of Helanshankou or the Helan Mountain pass, up to 70 are rare paintings of human faces. Archeological findings suggest that Helanshankou paintings were carved at different periods of time and that most of them were creations of nomadic tribes in north China. These rock paintings are plain and simple in shape and style, featuring lifelike images of cows, horses, donkeys, deer, birds and tigers and diversified shapes of human heads.
岩画 rock paintings；
山口 mountain pass（pass n.关口，关隘）；
据考证 Archeological findings suggest that；
游牧民族 nomadic tribes；
造型粗犷稚拙 plain and simple in shape and style；
栩栩如生 lifelike；
千奇百态 diversified shapes；
起初我看见“贺兰山口”参考译文处理成了“Helanshankou” 我还以为是译者偷懒了，查了一下还真有这种说法。
Several times on his trips to China, which he made as a guest of the Chinese Government, Bill's birthday occurred while he was in Beijing. On these occasions he was given a dinner in his honor and Premier Zhou Enlai would attend. He remembered the first occasion:
比尔作为中国政府的客人访问中国，好几次都赶上在北京过生日。这时候，主人总要为他举行宴会，周恩来总理也出席。他还记得第一次生日宴会的情景：
in his honor: for him/to show respect for him；
At the hotel I always finished the meal with icecream and the girls there would laugh because I liked it so much. Zhou Enlai was at my birthday party and at the end he got up, went over to the counter and got an icecream and he put it down in front of me—this is the Prime Minister you know! He said 'This is for you'. I said 'I didn't know you could speak English'. He laughed and he said 'a little bit' measuring with his finger and thumb. Sometimes when we were alone then he'd speak to me in English.
我在饭店吃饭，最后总是吃冰淇淋。我吃得津津有味儿，惹得那些女服务员发笑。这次生日宴会，周恩来在场。快到结束的时候，他站起来，走到柜台前，要了一杯冰淇淋，放在我面前——别忘了，他可是总理呀！他对我说：“这是为您准备的。”我说：“没想到您会说英语呀。”他笑了起来，接着说：“一点点。”一面说着，一面用食指和拇指比画着。后来有时候我们单独在一起，他就跟我说英语。
Prime Minister澳大利亚总理、英国首相等（中国总理：Premier）；
measure with finger and thumb 用食指和拇指比画着；
'This is for you,' Bill Morrow heard on many occasions he would never forgot—such as when he was taken in a boat down the Grand Canal and every boat that passed sounded its siren in salutation. Or when he was shown over the great Nanjing bridge, built where the ferries used to carry trains across the Changjiang River. He was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights. 'This is for you.' 'You mustn't use all that electricity to please me,' he protested, 'all Nanjing will enjoy it too,' he was told.
“这是为您准备的。”这句话，比尔·莫罗在许多难忘的场合听到过——比如在他乘船沿大运河南下的时候，从旁边驶过的每一条船都拉响汽笛，表示敬意。再比如参观南京长江大桥；在修这座桥以前，要靠渡船在这里运送火车过江。参观大桥的时候，天快黑了，人家给了他一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整个大桥的轮廓。“这是为您准备的。”他不满地说道：“你们不应该费这么多电，就为了让我高兴。”人家对他说：“南京人都可以欣赏嘛。”
the Grand Canal 大运河；
sound siren 拉响汽笛；
salutation 打招呼，致意；
ferry 渡轮；
protest : raise an objection/ say sth against；
Zhou Enlai arranged for experts from Beijing University to give Bill Morrow some up-to-date information he wanted. 'I'm just an old bum at home,' Bill said, 'but here you treat me like a VIP,' 'We know what you have done,' said Zhou Enlai.
比尔·莫罗想了解一些新情况，周恩来就安排北京大学的专家向他作介绍。比尔说：“我在国内不过是个流浪汉，而你们在这里却把我当成一位要人。”周恩来却说：“您做过些什么，我们是知道的。”
up-to-date information 新情况；
bum 流浪汉；
第二段measure with his finger and thumb 中的measure 用得很妙。他的本意是“衡量/量”，在这里的意思是伸出食指和拇指，两个指头靠的很近，表示数量很少。
第三段中 Bill Morrow heard on many occasions he would never forgot，“he would never forgot”是一个定语从句，修饰many occasions。
有一次，在拥挤的车厢门口，我听见一位男乘客客客气气地问他前面的一个女乘客：“您下车吗？”女乘客没理他。“你下车吗？”他又问了一遍。女乘客还是没理他。“下车吗？”他耐不住了，放大声问，那女乘客依然没反应。“你是聋子，还是哑巴？”他急了，捅了一下那个女乘客，也引得车厢里的人都往这里看。女乘客这时也急了，瞪起一双眼睛回手给了男乘客一拳。
Once I heard a man politely ask a woman in front of him at the crowded door of the bus, "Are you getting off?" The woman made no response. "Getting off?" he asked again. The woman still made no response. "Getting off, or not?" he shouted, as he was getting impatient, but there was still no response. "Are you deaf, or dumb?" he burst out. Very much irritated, he gave her a slight push, which attracted the attention of other passengers. Also irritated, the woman stared at him and hit back.
下车 get off；
没理他 make no response；
哑的，不能讲话的 dumb；
捅了某人一下 poke sb. with sth/give someone a slight push；
瞪起一双眼睛 stare at sb.；
见此情景，我猛然想起在60路沿线上有一家福利工厂，女乘客可能就是个聋哑人听不见声音。我赶忙向男乘客做了解释，又用纸条写了一句话，举到女乘客眼前：“对不起！他要下车，她问您好几声，您是不是没听见？”女乘客点了点头，把道让开了。
At this point, I suddenly remembered that there was a welfare factory on the route of Bus No. 60 and that the woman might be a deaf mute from there. I told the man what I was thinking and then I wrote on a slip of paper:"Excuse me, but he wants to get off. He's asked you several times, but you didn't seem to hear him. Right?" When I showed it to the woman, she nodded and made way for him.
见此情景 at this point；
福利工厂 a welfare factory；
在60路沿线上 on the route of Bus No. 60；
聋哑人 deaf mute；
纸条 a slip of paper；
为某人让路 make way for sb.；
从此以后，我就特别注意聋哑人的特征，还从他们那里学了一些常用的手语。比如，我可以用哑语问他们：“朋友，您好！” “您到哪里下车？” “您请往里走！” “谢谢”等等。这样，不仅我能更好地为他们服务，与他们进行感情交流，也减少了一些他们与其他乘客的误会和纠纷。
Since then I have paid special attention to those who look like deaf mutes. I have learned from them some sign language with which I can say such things as "Hello, how are you?" "Where are you going?" "Please move on!" "Thanks!" In this way, I can render them better service and be friends with them and also reduce their misunderstandings and conflicts with other passengers.
特别注意 pay special attention to；
手语 sign language；
（公交车）往里走 move on；
为某人服务 render sb. service；
与某人进行感情交流 be friends with sb.；
纠纷 conflict；
男乘客译作“a man”，女乘客译作“a woman”就够了。passenger一词不必出现；
“见此情景”译作“at this point” 是一个比较自然的说法，不要用situation之类的词；
倒数第二段译文中 When I showed it to the woman,这半句本来在引语前边，现在后移。这样，前面一句引语紧接I wrote on a slip of paper；后面一句 she nodded...紧接when I show it to the woman，比较紧凑。
“纠纷”译作conflicts，不宜译作quarrels 或是disputes，因为聋哑人不能说话。