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ScalersTalk笔译专练小组第28周训练日志
笔译群是ScalersTalk旗下专攻笔译的训练组织，初步设定翻译量目标为十万字。群内活动主要包括周一到周五的每日一句和周末的周任务。如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请猛戳链接： 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（QQ：9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到Kevin或瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。以上三个群都不在的小伙伴，可先申请加入C群（群号：456036104，验证消息：ScalersTalk）。笔译训练小组目前50人，每两周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员，每进一位，便移除排在末尾的一位。
下面是笔译训练群的第二十八周（2015.11.02—11.08）训练日志，共包括五个每日一句（英译汉，汉译英）和一个周训练（英译汉，汉译英），均包括原文，参考译文，词汇整理以及相关点评。材料主要来源于外刊，政府工作报告以及笔译教材。
“I just became 10 times more appreciative of her humility and how humble she was in working with us in East Palo Alto,” Ms. Castro said.
The story, friends and colleagues say, is classic Laurene Powell Jobs. Famous because of her last name and fortune, she has always been private and publicity-averse. Her philanthropic work, especially on education causes like College Track, the college prep organization she helped found and through which she was Ms.Castro’s mentor, has been her priority and focus.
卡斯特罗女士说，“我极为钦佩她那种谦逊的态度以及她在与我们一道工作在帕洛阿尔托时所显示出的那种谦虚精神。”
朋友和同事们都说，这是劳伦•波维尔•乔布斯的传统做事方式，尽管因其姓氏（乔布斯）及拥有的巨额财富而远近闻名，但她总是保持低调，避免出现在公众视野中。她热衷于公益事业，尤其在教育领域，她创建了“大学之路”，（注：劳伦创办了一家小型公司以匿名的方式捐款，并且在1997 年创办非营利教育组织“大学之路(College Track)”，帮助弱势高中生取得大学学位。）旨在帮助人们准备申请大学，也正是通过这个组织，她成为了卡斯特罗女士的导师，卡斯特罗女士成为了她重点关注和帮扶的对象。
appreciative of sth 感激的，感谢的：The company was very
appreciative of my efforts. 公司对我的努力十分赞赏。
humility 谦虚，谦逊；
humble 谦虚的，谦卑的；
classic 典型的：classic example/mistake；
averse(adj.) be averse to sth/doing sth 不喜欢做，反对做；
philanthropic〔人或机构〕慈善的，乐于助人的
college prep organization帮助人们申请大学的组织；
mentor 导师，顾问；
appreciative of有“感激、欣赏”的意思，但这里是晚辈形容长辈，显然不能用“欣赏”，用“钦佩”更为合适；
经济上，成员国要大力推动务实合作。我们维护地区安全稳定的最终目的是实现共同发展繁荣。各方有必要加快实施交通、能源、通信、农业等优势领域合作项目，加紧研究建立上海合作组织开发银行，以解决项目融资难题和应对国际金融风险。
On economy, member states need to vigorously promote pragmatic cooperation. The ultimate purpose of maintaining regional security and stability is to achieve common development and prosperity. Parties need to accelerate the implementation of cooperation projects in such advantageous areas as transport, energy, communications and agriculture, and expedite studies on setting up an SCO development bank to resolve project financing difficulties and address international financial risks.
成员国 member states；
大力推动 vigorously promote；
务实合作 pragmatic cooperation；
最终目的 ultimate purpose；
维护地区安全稳定 maintain regional security and stability；
各方 parties；
加快实施 accelerate implementation of；
合作项目 cooperation projects；
优势领域 advantageous areas；
加快，加速 expedite: expedite the decision-making process加快决策进程；
建立上海合作组织开发银行 set up an SCO development bank；
解决项目融资难题 resolve project financing difficulties；
应对国际金融风险 address international financial risks；
类似于“经济上”、“文化上”除了用 on economy外还可以用economically，culturally这类副词来表达。
But critics fear that the expansion could cost nearly double the government's estimate, as well as stoke corruption and uncontrolled debt.
"The poor continue to suffer while the rich get richer," said José Felix Castillo, 62, a high school teacher who was one of about 3,000 supporters who took to Panama City's streets to protest the measure on Friday.
Lewis Navarro noted that a portion of the revenue generated by each ton of cargo that passes through the waterway goes to education and social programs.
"We aren't talking about 40 percent poverty as a consequence of the canal," he said. "It's exactly the opposite."
但是，批评人士担心运河扩建最终成本可能超出政府预估成本一倍，致使腐败滋生， 债务失控。
周五约 3,000 人走上巴拿马市街头抗议运河扩建，何塞•费利克斯•卡斯蒂略（JoséFelix Castillo）也参加了抗议游行。现年 62 岁的卡斯蒂略是一名高中教师，他说，“运河扩建后富人将变得更加富有，而穷人将继续生活在水深火热之中。”
副总统兼外长莱维斯•纳瓦罗称，运河通行费收入中有一部分用于教育和社会各项事业。
“40%的高贫困率不能归咎于运河，”他说道，“恰恰相反（正因为贫困率如此之高， 所以才要扩建运河）。”
stoke ①给…添加(燃料): to stoke up a fire with more coal；②煽动；激起: to stoke up envy激起妒忌；
uncontrolled debt债务失控；
as a consequence of/in consequence (of sth)由于，归咎于：Animals have died as a consequence of coming into contact with this chemical.
canal/ kəˈnæl /运河；
“as a consequence of the canal” 我处理成了“是由于运河导致的”，相比参考译文的“归咎于……”实在是有些太啰嗦了。
最后一句It's exactly the opposite.最好还是像参考译文那样做个备注，不然直接处理成“恰恰相反”会让读者理解起来有些吃力。
长城是世界一大奇迹。现在，每年都有几百万人到长城游览。在旺季，几处最著名的景点总是让成群结队的游客挤得水泄不通。
中国人修筑城墙的历史久远，可以追溯到战国时期。历史上，中国共修过大约 20 座长城。在所有这些长城中，明长城最长，达到 6700 公里。在当时，中国技术在世界上处于领先地位，因此明长城的结构也是最复杂的。明长城的修筑是为了抵御北方游牧民族的入侵。
The Great Wall is a wonder of the world. Now, millions of people journey to the Great Wall each year, making its most popular sites besieged by hordes of tourists during busy seasons.
The Chinese have a long history of building walls, dating from the Warring States period. In history, about 20 walls were built, with the wall constructed during the Ming Dynasty being the longest, extending 6,700 km. China was the most technologically advanced nation in the world then, so the wall was also the most sophisticated in structure. It was built to ward off the invasion of nomads from the north.
（尤指长途）旅行 journey(v.)；
被挤得水泄不通 be besieged by；
成群结队的游客 hordes of tourists；
旺季 busy season；
战国时期 Warring States period；
城墙 wall；
复杂的 sophisticated；
防止,避免,使防止(危险、疾病、攻击等): ward sb. / sth ↔ off ；
入侵 invasion；
北方游牧民族 nomads/ˈnəumæd/ from the north；
很多我们常见的名词都可以用作动词，比如journey；
Increasingly, that campaign is no longer limited to widely spoken languages like French and German. From Romania to Catalonia to Iceland, cultural institutes and agencies are subsidizing publication of books in English, underwriting the training of translators, encouraging their writers to tour in the United States, submitting to American marketing and promotional techniques they may have previously shunned and exploiting existing niches in the publishing industry.
外国文学翻译作品市场已经不再局限于法语和德语等较大语种，从罗马尼亚到加泰罗尼亚再到冰岛，各个文化研究机构对本国、本地区文学作品的英译工作给予补贴，对翻译培训提供支持，鼓励本国、本地区作家游历美国，开始学习曾经不以为然的美国营销技巧，努力抢占美国出版业中现存的翻译作品市场。
widely spoken languages较大语种；
Catalonia 加泰罗尼亚；
underwrite（同意）负担〔活动、商业计划等〕的费用，以金钱支持: The government has agreed to underwrite the project with a grant of ￡5 million.政府同意拨款五百万英镑资助该项目。
training of translators 翻译培训；
submit to American marketing and promotional techniques学习美国营销技巧；
shun〔故意〕避开，躲开〔某人或某物〕an actor who shuns publicity 一个避免引起公众注意的演员；
niche (产品的)商机；市场定位: a niche market 有利可图的市场；
widely spoken languages 虽然意思很简单，但处理起来并不容易，我们在翻译时很容易停留在字面含义，比如我处理成了“使用范围较广的语言”，显然不如参考译文“较大语种”更合适。
我们应该营造支持各国根据本国国情实现和平、稳定、繁荣的国际环境。应该本着求同存异的原则，尊重各国主权和选择发展道路和发展模式的权利，尊重文明多样性，在交流互鉴、取长补短中相得益彰、共同进步。
We should foster an international environment that supports efforts of countries to achieve peace, stability and prosperity in the light of their national circumstances. We should respect the sovereignty of all countries and their right to choose their development paths and models in keeping with the principle of seeking common ground while shelving differences. And we should respect the diversity of civilizations and pursue common progress through mutual learning and drawing on each other's strength.
营造……国际环境 foster an international environment of；
根据本国国情 in light of their national circustances；
主权 sovereignty；
本着……的原则 keep with the principle of；
求同存异 seek common ground while shelving difference（shelve 搁置，停止计划）；
共同进步 pursue common progress；
交流互鉴 mutual learning；
取长补短 draw on each other's strength；
在交流互鉴、取长补短中相得益彰、共同进步还可以处理成can progress together through mutual learning and emulation.
Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. This behavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said.
"During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."
埃里克森说，该旅行社预计，今年旅游季赴泰国和斯里兰卡旅游的瑞典游客数量将同比增长 5%。他说，这种旅游发展趋势与上世纪 90 年代迥然不同。
“在第一次海湾战争期间，整个旅游市场游客数量出现大幅下滑，‘911恐怖袭击’后也是如此，”埃里克森说道，“而现在，恐怖主义袭击或者自然灾害对旅游业的影响主要体现在游客旅游目的地的调整（游客数量不会再大幅下降）。”
这几段没有生词，最后一句话不太好处理“…is a change in destination”，参考译文处理成了“游客旅游目的地的调整”
尽管我们在控烟和禁烟方面做了大量工作，取得了一定成效，但控烟和禁烟形势依然严峻。
一、普遍对烟草烟雾危害性认识存在四大误区。禁烟难、难禁烟，主要是对烟草烟雾的危害不认识或认识不足，甚至把吸烟说成好处多、贡献大、危害小、不伤害他人。这些错误的认识包括：吸烟“好处多”。很多烟民认为，吸烟可以消除疲劳、解除烦闷、振奋精神、刺激情绪；吸烟可以防止虫叮蚊咬，以毒攻毒消除某些病害；吸烟可以社交联谊、广交朋友、潇洒浪漫；吸烟可以帮助大脑启发思考、写作带来灵气等。
For all the commendable efforts and visible differences made so far, China still has an uphill battle to fight before the tobacco epidemic is controlled and eventually banned within its territory.
Misconceptions of how tobacco smoke endangers/harms public health. Tobacco control seems a mission impossible in least because the general public has little, if any, knowledge about how hazardous tobacco smoke can be. In some cases, tobacco use is even misinterpreted as being physically empowering and economically beneficial with negligent threat to those exposed to second-hand smoke.
Among other misunderstandings, tobacco use is believed to be “rewarding in many ways”. For many tobacco users, cigarettes are a real remedy for /the best bet to fight fatigue and frustration and a truly stimulating booster/refreshing stimulator. As they understand it, tobacco can be used to dispel annoying mosquitoes and other bugs, and it can even serve as a painkiller for some ailments. Tobacco use is widely seen as sexy, stylish and sociable. On top of that, some even argue that tobacco use can boost brain power and inspire writing.
做了大量工作并取得一定成效 commendable efforts and visible differences；
形势严峻 have an uphill battle to fight；
烟草盛行 tobacco epidemic；
误区 misconception/misunderstanding；
公众健康 public health；
误解 misinterpret；
不伤害他人 negligent threat to sb.；
吸二手烟的人 those exposed to second-hand smoke；
疗法，药品 remedy；
消除疲劳，解除烦闷 fight fatigue and frustration；
振奋精神，刺激情绪 a truly stimulating booster/refreshing stimulator；
防止蚊虫叮咬 dispel annoying mosquitoes and other bugs(bug小虫子)；
以毒攻毒消除某些病害 serve as a painkiller for some ailments；
启发大脑思考 boost brain power；
为……带来灵气 inspire sth；
这个译文版本看得我云里雾里……
Tucked away in this small village in Buckinghamshire County is the former Elizabethan coaching inn where William Shakespeare is said to have penned part of "A Midsummer Night's Dream."
Dating from 1534, the inn, now called Shakespeare House, is thought to have been built as a Tudor hunting lodge. Later it became a stop for travelers between London and Stratford-upon-Avon, where Shakespeare was born and buried.
这家前伊丽莎白时期的驿站旅馆坐落于白金汉郡的这个小村落之中，据说莎士比亚 的《仲夏夜之梦》有一部分书稿就是在这里完成的。
这家旅馆现在改称“莎士比亚故居”，始建于 1534 年，有人认为旅馆最初是作为都铎王朝时期的狩猎旅馆，后来成为往返伦敦和斯特拉特福的旅客中途歇脚的地方。斯特拉特福是莎士比亚的出生地，也是他的安葬地。
tuck sth away坐落在,位于(僻静的地方): The shop is tucked away down a backstreet.
coaching inn 驿站；
pen(v.)写:He penned a letter to the local paper. 他给当地报纸写了一封信。
hunting lodge狩猎旅馆；
stop 歇脚的地方；
词汇和句式都不难，但涉及很多历史和文化知识。
作为远古人类留给我们的宝贵的文化遗产，岩画堪称是记载人类早期社会生活的百科全书，它不仅传承着源远流长的古代文明，也是史前人类文化、宗教、民俗以及原始艺术史的见证。
在世界上，中国岩画是诞生最早、分布最广、内容最丰富的国家之一，而贺兰山又是华夏土地上遗存最集中、题材最广泛、保存最完好的岩画地区之一。在贺兰山腹地， 共发现 20 余处遗存岩画，其中最具代表性的是贺兰山贺兰口岩画。
As an invaluable cultural legacy left over from ancient times, rock paintings can be collectively billed as an encyclopedia that documents how humankind ever lived in early days of human society. These time-honored paintings are convenient carriers of ancient civilizations and bear witness to pre-historic cultures, religions, folkways and primitive arts.
China is home to some of the earliest rock paintings of humankind, with its rock painting collection being one of the extensive in geographical distribution and the richest in subject matter worldwide. Helan Mountain is blessed with one of the largest concentrations of rock paintings in China. Rock paintings here are some of the best preserved in China covering the most extensive subject matters. Of 20-odd rock painting heritage sites discovered here so far, the most representative are Helankou paintings.
宝贵的文化遗产 invaluable cultural legacy；
岩画 rock paintings；
某物堪称…… sth can be billed as...；
百科全书 encyclopedia；
历史悠久的 time-honored；
载体 carrier；
远古文明 ancient civilizations；
史前的 prehistoric；
民俗 folkway；
原始艺术 primitive arts；
分布最广 extensive in geographical distribution；
内容最丰富的国家之一 the richest in subject matter worldwide；
赋有……能力，享有（幸福）be blessed with；
集中 concentration；
保存 preserve；
20 余处遗存岩画 20-odd rock painting heritage sites；
最具代表性的 the most representative is...；
很多动词用的很活，比如“堪称”参考译文用了bill，“拥有……”用的bless；