Week 1
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笔译群是Scalerstalk旗下的专攻笔译的训练组织，初步设定翻译量目标为十万字。群内活动主要包括每天的每日一句和周六晚上的限时周任务。如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请到猛戳 完成后在A群或是B群私信给Kevin或是慧慧，通过审核便可。
下面是笔译训练群的第一周（2015.04.27—05.02）训练日志，共包括五个每日一句（英译汉，汉译英）和一个周训练（英译汉，汉译英），均包括原文，参考译文，词汇整理以及相关点评。材料主要来源于外刊，政府工作报告以及笔译教材。
在现代化超市里，问题往往在于选择太多而不是商品短缺。在中国，对零售商本身的选择就已把消费者宠坏了。6400亿美元食品市场的诱人前景令销售商排起了长队。而按照欧睿(Euromonitor)的预测，今后五年期间该市场规模还将增长四分之一。
In a modern supermarket the problem is often an excess of choice, not a shortage. In China, the consumer is spoilt for choice among retailers themselves. The promise of a $640bn grocery market, which Euromonitor thinks will grow by a quarter over the next five years, has vendors lining up.
1.选择太多：an excess of choice; 2.零售商：retailer； 3.宠爱，溺爱：spoil—spoiled/spoilt—spoiled/spoilt； 4.食品市场：grocery market； 5.增长四分之一：grow by a quarter; 6.今后五年：over the next five years 7.排起了长队：line up
汉英很容易出现的问题就是，看着汉语很容易不自觉的想要把每个文字词汇都译出来，其实汉语中不怕重复，所以有很多细枝末节或是说废话，译者要有选择性的剔除。比如上文商品短缺，只是shortage而不是commodity shortage，因为上文已经提到了supermarket；诱人的前景只是promise；排起了长队line up
The head of Cofco, the Chinese state-owned grain trader, has laid out plans to turn the company into a publicly listed global powerhouse, highlighting Beijing’s decision to relax its policy of food self-sufficiency.
中国的国有粮食贸易商中粮集团(Cofco)负责人阐述了相关计划，拟将这家公司转型为一家公开上市的全球大公司，突显北京方面决定放松粮食自给自足政策。
1.Cofco 中粮集团； 2.head 负责人 3.state-owned 国有的 4.grain trader 粮食贸易商 5.lay out plans to 阐述计划 ①布置，设计（建筑，城镇，花园等）：The garden is laid out in a formal pattern. ②铺开，展开：Lay out the map on the table. ③清楚的描述（解释）文中意思 ④花费（尤指很多钱）：What's the point in laying out money on something you'll only wear once? ⑤击倒，打昏某人：One of the guards had been laid out and the other was missing. 6.highlight 凸显：Your resume should highlight your skills and achievements. 7.relax policy of 放松...政策 8.a publicly listed global powerhouse一家公开上市的全球大公司 9.self-sufficiency 自给自足
英汉经常会遇到很简单的词汇，但是翻译成汉语后怎么都想不到合适的词汇，比如上文的head,我开始译为了“高层”；有些词汇不要想当然，laid out plans 按照感觉，我译成了实施计划，殊不知 lay out 有“阐述，解释”的意思；relax 和 policy 搭配，学习了。
The diets of the country of 1.4bn have changed as living standards rose with industrialisation. More meat and dairy on tables has strained arable land and water resources, pushing China abroad in search of grain to feed livestock.
随着中国成为工业化国家，人民生活水平不断提高，14亿人口的饮食发生了改变。人们的餐桌上出现了更多的肉类和奶制品，造成了耕地和水资源的紧张，迫使中国到海外寻找喂养牲畜所需的谷物。
1.living standard 生活水平
2.strain arable land and water resources 造成了耕地和水资源的紧张
3.push...迫使...
4.in search of 寻找
5.livestock 牲畜
1.more meat and dairy on tables 我觉得译为“人们的餐桌上出现了更多的肉类和奶制品”，on tables 在这里，虽然意思不难，但翻译出来不简单；2.grain 是“粮食，谷物”的意思，但这里，涉及的livestock，所以显然用“谷物”比“粮食”更为合适。
前景或许是光明的。然而眼下本土和外国零售商正处于痛苦的激烈竞争之中。就在本周，华润创业(China Resources Enterprise)宣布将把其非啤酒业务卖给其国有母公司华润控股(China Resources Holdings)。在啤酒业务以外，零售业务及与之相关的物业占了华润创业营收的三分之二。该公司此举似乎是在零售业认输。
The future may be bright. The present is a nasty fight in which local and foreign retailers are suffering. This week, China Resources Enterprise announced that it will sell its non-beer businesses back to its state-owned parent, China Resources Holdings. Retail and the associated property make up two-thirds of revenues outside of beer. This looks like an admission of defeat.
1.光明的前景 bright future；
2.眼下 the present；
3.痛苦的激烈斗争a nasty fight；
4.非啤酒业务 non-beer business；
5.母公司 parent company
6.相关的物业 associated property
7.零售业务 retail
8.认输 an admission of defeat
1.复杂的汉语“痛苦的激烈斗争”原来只是“a nasty fight”。
Even before the first robot was built, the subject of robotics was controversial. The word "robot " was coined in 1921 by a Czech playwright who wrote about a colony of machines endowed with artificial intelligence that eventually turned against their human creators.
早在第一个机器人制造出来之前，机器人学就已经是个颇有争议的话题。＂机器人＂这个词是由一名捷克的剧作家于1921年创造的。他在作品中描写了一群被赋予人工智慧的机器逐渐与它们的创造者——人类反目成仇。
1.controversial 有争议的；
2.Czech 捷克；
3.coin（v）①创造，杜撰（新词）②to coin a phrase 套句老话说，常言说得好 ③ coin money/coin it(in) 大发其财，暴富e.g. BT at its profitable peak was coining it at the rate of $90 a second. 英国电信公司在盈利高峰时以每秒90美元的速度在赚钱。④ 铸币
4.playwright 剧作家；
5.a colony of 一群；
6.endow：endow sb./sth with sth 使（认为）....具有某种品质；be endowed with sth 天生具有（好的特性或品质）；
7.artificial intelligence 人工智慧；
1.这是三笔练习题上的材料，今天自己差不多是第三次翻，结果还是没有很完美；2.句子不长，但有些常见词却用了我们不常见的意思，比如coin（v）,a colony of;平时要注意多积累。
须始终坚持一手抓物质文明，一手抓精神文明；一手抓经济建设，一手抓民主法制；一手抓改革开放，一手抓打击犯罪和惩治腐败。
We must always work for material progress and at the same time for cultural and ethical progress. We should develop the economy and at the same time strengthen democracy and the legal system. We should promote reform and opening to the outside world and at the same time fight crime and punish corruption.
1.物质文明 material progress，精神文明 cultural and ethical progress；
2.at the same time 用于翻译“一手...一手”衔接；
3.抓...work for，develop，strengthen，promote；
4.民主法制 democracy and the legal system；
5.打击犯罪fight crime，惩治腐败 punish corruption
1，每次翻译政府工作报告，看了答案之后都会有一种“我擦，竟然这么简单的词！”的感觉，所以我们平时多注意积累这些小词，没必要一味追求大词难词；2.做汉英不要一直纠结某个词，有很多汉语中的词只是形容性质的，比如文中的多个 “一手”其实在英语中我们是不用翻得；3.我认为翻好政府工作报告并不难，多多积累甚至是多多背诵就可以做到。
EC：Nobody with any sense expects to find the whole truth in job advertisement any more than he expects a man applying for a job to describe his shortcomings and more serious faults.
任何有头脑的人都不指望招聘广告里说的话都是真话，同样他也不会指望求职者会说出自己的缺点和严重过失。
1.sense ①健全的心智，理智e.g. One day he'll come to his senses and see what a fool he’s been.总有一天他会清醒过来，明白自己曾经有多么傻。 ②见识，良好的判断 e.g. You should have had the sense to turn off the electricity first.你应该知道要先关掉电源这个道理；
2.（重点）not ...any more than（同no more than）：1.不过,仅仅；2.同…一样不
【1】I could not do that any more than you. 你不能做这件事,我也不能做.
【2】Grandhi does not wish to provoke them any more than necessary. 甘地不到万不得已时是不想冒犯他们的.（可理解为：甘地不想冒犯他们,在万不得已之时也不想（冒犯他们）.）
【3】No thoughts for the tomorrow--he could not stand to think of it any more than he could of any other calamity. 他才不去想什么明天--他一想到明天就受不了,正如他不愿去想别的灾难一样.
3.job advertisement 招聘广告；
4.shortcoming 缺点；serious faults 严重错误
1.今天的译文我认为两个难点一个是那个nobody with any sense 完全不明所以；第二个就是not any more than 之前遇到过好多，总之是一塌糊涂，这句话我认为还是很有代表性的，值得背下来；
多少事，从来急；天地转，光阴迫。一万年太久，只争朝夕。
So many deeds cry out to be done, and always urgently; The world rolls on, Time presses. Ten thousand years are too long, Seize the day, seize the hour!
1.deed 行为，行动；
2.cry out to do sth 迫切需要做某事；
3.urgently 紧急地，紧迫地；
4.roll on 滚动，转动；
5.光阴迫time presses ；
6.只争朝夕seize the day，seize the hour
1.今天的汉英很文骚啊，哈哈哈。在好多翻译教材都见过这个句子，我记得没错的话这个应该是我们伟大的毛主席说的；2.背下来，自己懒的时候，给自己灌一口鸡汤。
EC: The development of tourism stimulates economic growth by generating enormous employment opportunities and increasing foreign exchange earnings. The benefit is particularly valuable to those impoverished countries, whose citizens are jobless, malnourished and ill-housed.
旅游业的发展通过创造了大量的就业机会，促进了经济增长，同时也增加了外汇收入。其所带来个好处对于那些贫穷的国家特别有价值，那里的居民没有工作、营养不良并且住房条件不好。
1.stimulate economic growth 刺激了经济增长；
2.generate enormous employment opportunities 创造大量的就业机会；
3.increase foreign exchange earnings 增加外汇收入；
4.impoverished country 贫困国家；
5.malnourished 营养不良的；
6.ill-housed 住房条件差
今天的难度不大，很官方的一段文字，里边很多词汇还是值得学习的##2.中英 CE:我们需要认同一点：发展中国家的人们急需救助，因为他们很容易受到自然或人为灾害（如战争）的影响。
We should recognise that citizens of developing countries are in desperate need of aid, because they are susceptible to natural or man-made disasters such as wars.
1.急需救助 be in desperate need of aid；
2.容易受到...的影响 be susceptible to sth（vulnerable to sb./sth 能受伤害的：Young birds are very vulnerable to predators.幼鸟易受食肉动物伤害。）
3.人为灾害man-made disasters
1.注意不要字对字翻译，这次我就犯了这个错误，翻译出“这一点”，其实没必要；
2.这里我认为susceptible 换成vulnerable也是可以的。
Cyber security funding tops $1bn after high-profile attacks
Cyber security start-ups raised more than $1bn for the first time in a single quarter as investors bet on them benefiting after several high profile attacks by hackers on large companies.
网络安全初创企业首次在一个季度就筹集逾10亿美元。在黑客对大公司发起多次备受瞩目的网络攻击后，投资者押注此类企业将会受益。
Venture capital firms including Andreessen Horowitz and Kleiner Perkins, as well as VC arms of banks and technology companies, are pouring money into the sector as they anticipate rapid growth in cyber security budgets.
由于预期网络安全预算会迅猛增长，包括安德森•霍洛维茨基金(Andreessen Horowitz)和凯鹏华盈(Kleiner Perkins)在内的风投公司、以及各银行和高科技企业的风投部门，正向该行业大举投资。
Demand for these services are expected to soar after high levels of publicity for recent attacks on big companies from Sony Pictures to Home Depot.
在索尼影视娱乐(Sony Pictures)和家得宝(Home Depot)等大企业近期遭遇网络攻击，并被舆论高调曝光后，对网络安全服务的需求预计会出现激增。
Funding for cyber security companies hit $1.02bn in the first quarter, up from $540m for the first three months of last year and almost double the same period of 2014, according to data from private company research firm PrivCo.
根据私企研究公司PrivCo的数据，今年第一季度网络安全企业筹集的资金达到10.2亿美元，接近去年同期5.4亿美元筹资规模的两倍。
This came on top of an already buoyant 2014, in which security start-ups hit $2.3bn in funding, up more than a third from the year before. Four years ago, total annual funding was less than $1bn.
对网络安全初创企业来说，2014年原本就相当热火，它们在该年筹资23亿美元，比前一年高了逾三分之一。在四年前，全年筹资规模还不到10亿美元。
Sam Hamadeh, chief executive of PrivCo, said the record levels of funding were spurred by ramped up corporate spending and predictions that smartphone security was becoming a serious problem for companies whose employees deal in sensitive data from their mobiles.
PrivCo首席执行官山姆•哈马登(Sam Hamadeh)表示，根据预测，对于那些员工用手机处理敏感数据的企业来说，智能手机的安全正成为一个严重问题，这项预测加上企业增加相关支出，推动着网络安全行业的筹资规模达到创纪录水平。
1.cyber security start-ups 网络安全初创企业
2.筹集资金raise；
3.bet on 押注于...；
4.high profile attacks by hackers 备受瞩目的黑客袭击；
5.more than 要翻译成“逾”才有逼格
6.anticipate 预期....；
7.venture capital firms 风投公司；
8.VC arms 风投部门；
9.pour money into 向....大举投资；
10.cyber security budgets 网络安全预算
11.Andreessen Horowitz 安德森霍洛维茨基金；Kleiner Perkins 凯鹏华盈
12.demand 可以和soar 搭配：需求激增；
13.be expected to 预计...；
14.high levels of publicity 被舆论高调曝光；
15.Sony Pictures 索尼影视娱乐；Home Depot 家得宝
16.hit $ 资金达到....；
17.private company research firm 私企研究公司（这个词组我竟然没看懂）
18.up from $540m for the first three months of last year and almost double the same period of 2014 接近去年同期5.4亿美元筹资规模的两倍
19.this came on top of an already buoyant2014
2014年原本就相当火热；
20.the record of funding 筹资规模达到创纪录的水品；
21.ramp sth up 哄抬（股价），提高，使增加； e.g. Producers can quickly ramp up production.
1.这一篇文章总体而言不难但是由于涉及一些金融类词汇，所以有些点还是不太简单；
2.英语和汉语逻辑联结词所处位置可能不太一样，翻译成汉语是要注意调整，比如汉语要“因——果”；
3.自己对汉语的控制能力还是不强，主要体现在该精炼的地方，一句话前分成几句导致很罗嗦；该详细叙述才能表述清楚的地方加了太多定于，导致读起来不流畅不自然；
美联储(Fed)前主席本•伯南克(Ben Bernanke)已加入Citadel，担任货币政策顾问。这家芝加哥对冲基金近期在交易政府债券中蒙受了10亿美元亏损。
Ben Bernanke, the former chairman of the US Federal Reserve, has joined Citadel as an adviser on monetary policy, arriving as the Chicago hedge fund recovers from a $1bn loss trading government bonds.
2014年1月从美联储卸任的前央行行长表示，他在新职位上将贡献他“对影响全球经济的一系列问题的看法”。
The ex-central banker, who stepped down from the Fed in January 2014, said he would be adding his “perspective on a range of issues affecting our global economy” in his new role.
此事可能会煽起外界对于美联储和其它政府部门与强大金融企业之间“旋转门”的批评。
The move may fan criticism of a “revolving door” between the Fed and other wings of government and powerful financial firms.
1.美联储 the US Federal Reserve;
2.担任货币顾问 as an adviser on monetary policy;
3.arriving as....在....时候到达(这个用的非常好，是整个句子很紧密，同时也表现出“最近”的意思)；
4.对冲基金 hedge fund；
4.交易政府债券 trade government bonds
5.前央行行长 the ex-central banker;
6.卸任 step down from；
7.贡献 add；
8.看法 perspective；
9.一些列问题 a range of issues；
10.新职位 new role
11.此事 the move；
12.煽起批评 fan criticism of （fan（v）fan the flames of sth 煽动[情绪]，使[行为]更激烈 e.g. Her wild behaviour merely fanned the flames of his jealousy.她那放肆的举动把他的妒火完全激起。）
13.旋转门：revolving door（政府官员退休或离职之后下海进入企业、学校任职的现象，被西方的公共行政伦理专家称为“旋转门现象”）；
14.美联储及其他政府部门 the Fed and other wings of government;
15.强大的金融企业 powerful financial firm
1.汉语不喜欢长定语，说话喜欢拆着说；而英语则是可以连着一大串定语，会显得紧密，所以我们在做汉英的时候尽量摆脱大量的单句，不然译文会显得很松散；
2.多了解背景知识，比如本文中“旋转门”，汉语都不太理解，谈何翻译？