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ScalersTalk笔译专练小组第33周训练日志
笔译群是Scalerstalk旗下专攻笔译的训练组织，初步设定翻译量目标为十万字。群内活动主要包括周一到周五的每日一句和周末的周任务。如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请猛戳链接： 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（QQ：9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到Kevin或瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。以上三个群都不在的小伙伴，可先申请加入C群（群号：456036104，验证消息：ScalersTalk）。笔译训练小组目前50人，每两周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员，每进一位，便移除排在末尾的一位。
下面是笔译训练群的第三十三周（2015.12.07—12.13）训练日志，共包括五个每日一句（英译汉，汉译英）和一个周训练（英译汉，汉译英），均包括原文，参考译文，词汇整理以及相关点评。材料主要来源于外刊，政府工作报告以及笔译教材。
In the broadest sense, we want to use our knowledge and our network and our relationships to try to affect the greatest amount of good,” Ms. Powell Jobs said in one of a series of interviews with The New York Times.
波尔威•乔布斯在一次纽约时报的系列采访中说：“从广义上说，我们是要用知识和人脉关系给社会带来最大的益处。
in the broadest sense 从广义上说；
network and relationship 人脉关系；
good(n.)益处，好处；
注意good在这里是名词而不是形容词；
同时，深化境外战略投资者与中资银行的合作，稳步推进股票、债券、保险市场对外开放，促进人民币跨境使用，逐步实现人民币资本项目可兑换，拓展金融业对外开放的广度和深度。
In the meantime, we will deepen cooperation between Chinese banks and their foreign strategic investors, open the stock, bond and insurance markets in an orderly way, promote the cross‐border use of the RMB and, gradually achieve the RMB’s convertibility under the capital account and broaden and deepen the opening‐up in the financial sector.
深化合作 deepen cooperation；
战略投资者 strategic investors；
债券 bond；
稳步 in an orderly way；
跨境使用人民币 the cross‐border use of the RMB；
人民币资本项目可兑换 the RMB's convertibility under the capital account；
拓展对外开放的广度和深度 broaden and deepen the opening-up；
金融业 financial sector；
在这句话中， “广度”，“深度”等词语的翻译要注意，汉语中常使用比较抽象的名词，在翻译界，我们常将类似的抽象名词短语戏称为“性感度”。“性”：如，特殊性，重要性，必要性，“感”：如，使命感，责任感，成就感，“度”：如，高度，广度，深度等。在译成英语时，切忌将这些汉语的词语一股脑地译成抽象名词，可以考虑将这些词语转换成相关的形容词或动词，以求译文表达的地道。如果译成expand the breadth and depth of opening‐up in the financial sector，这就是典型的汉化英语，我们可以调整词性为两个动词：broaden and deepen。
New research from social scientists offers one explanation: Boys are more sensitive than girls to disadvantage. Any disadvantage, like growing up in poverty, in a bad neighborhood or without a father, takes more of a toll on boys than on their sisters.
新的社会科学研究能为这种现象提供一个解释：男孩比女孩对不利因素更敏感。任何不利因素，如成长过程中家境贫困、生活在不良的社区、没有父亲，对男孩的影响都比对其姊妹的影响来得大。
sensitive 敏感的；
neighborhood 社区；
take a heavy 'toll (on sb / sth) | take its 'toll (on sb / sth) 产生恶果；造成重大损失(或伤亡、灾难等): Illness had taken a heavy toll on her. 疾病对她的身体造成极大的损害。
neighborhood这里是“社区”不是“邻居”，我误以为是“有个不好的邻居”。
五是创新社会治理，促进和谐稳定。我们妥善应对自然灾害和突发事件，有序化解社会矛盾，建立健全机制，强化源头防范，保障人民生命安全，维护良好的社会秩序。
Fifth, we have been developing new forms of social governance, and promoting social harmony and stability. We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies, worked to resolve social problems in a systematic way, and strengthened mechanisms to address problems at the source. These efforts have protected lives and ensured public order.
创新社会治理 develop new forms of social governance；
妥善应对 respond effectively to；
突发事件 emergencies；
化解社会矛盾 resolve social problems；
有序 in a systematic way；
从源头上解决问题 address problems at the source；
维护良好的社会秩序 ensure public order；
“创新”不只是“innovate” 还有“develop new forms of”；
“The importance of this discovery goes well beyond the volume,” said Sebastián Eskenazi, YPF's chief executive, as he announced the find. “The important thing is it is something new: new energy, a new future, new expectations.”
YPF的首席执政官Sebastián Eskenazi在宣布该发现的时候说：“这项发现的重要性远超过其存量的大小，重要之处在于这是新事物：新能源，一个崭新的未来和新的期待。”
go well beyond 远超过；
volume 存量；
这句话还是挺简单的，但是要注意不要漏译“go well beyond”里的“well”， “远超过”而不是“超过”。
既要稳住速度，确保经济平稳运行，确保居民就业和收入持续增加，为调结构转方式创造有利条件；又要调整结构，夯实稳增长的基础。
We should maintain a steady speed to ensure a steadily functioning economy, consistent improvement of residents’ employment and income in order to create favorable conditions for adjusting structure and transferring approach, at the same time, structure needs to be adjusted to strengthen a solid foundation for steady growth.
稳住速度 maintain a steady speed；
确保经济平稳运行 ensure a steadily functioning economy；
持续的 consistent；
创造有利条件 create favorable conditions；
调结构 adjust structure；
转方式 transfer approach；
夯实基础 strengthen a solid foundation；
中文中这几句话看似是平行结构，实际上这几句话之间是存在逻辑关系的，翻译成英语时要抓住逻辑关系。
Among the most prominent critics was Ray Hilborn, a professor of aquatic and fishery sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle.
西雅图华盛顿大学研究水产与渔业的知名教授雷•希尔本对这一报告就颇有微词。
prominent 著名的，杰出的；
aquatic 水产的，水栖的；
fishery 渔业；
critics一个名词，译者转换成了动词，处理成了“对……颇有微词”。
吸烟“不伤害他人”，这是在公共场所和工作场所禁烟难的一个重要原因。
Tobacco use “does no harm to others”, a misconception that helps explain why smoke ban can hardly be imposed in public space and at work places.
错误认识，误解 misconception；
公共场所 public space；
工作场所 work place；
翻译处理的好灵活，完全没有限制于原文。
“We will not be intimidated, and we will not live in fear,” William J. Bratton, the New York police commissioner, said Wednesday in response to an Islamic State propaganda video.
The point of terrorism is to terrify, public officials often say in these situations, so the best reaction is to go about your lives.
11月18日，纽约警察局长威廉•J•布拉顿(William J. Bratton)在回应伊斯兰国的威胁视频时表示：“我们不会被吓倒，也不会生活在恐慌当中。”
恐怖主义的目的在于恐吓，所以，最好的应对方式就是若无其事，继续过正常的生活——在遇到此类情况时，政府官员们总是这样说。
intimidate （为使别人服从）恫吓，威胁（他人）；
police commissioner 警察局长；
in response to 回应；
propaganda （贬）宣传，鼓吹；
public officials 政府官员；
go about your lives 若无其事地过正常的生活；
不知大家现在在收听“敌台”的时候有没有注意到，国外媒体已经把ISIS都换成ISIL了，据说是因为当地很多姑娘的名字就是Isis，这让她们很不爽，媒体便改了一种叫法。
支持企业更多参与重大科技项目实施、科研平台建设，推进企业主导的产学研协同创新。中小微企业大有可为，要扶上马、送一程，使“草根”创新蔚然成风、遍地开花。
We will encourage enterprise involvement in implementing major science and technology projects and building research platforms, and promote collaborative innovation by bringing together enterprises, academia, and research institutes, with enterprises playing the leading role. Medium, small, and micro businesses can accomplish great things. We need to give them a leg up to get them going. With these efforts, China' s grassroots innovation can sprout up and grow strong, bringing flowers of creation to every field.
参与 involvement；
重大科技项目 major science and technology project；
科研平台 research platform；
协同创新 collaborative innovation；
产学研 enterprises, academia and research institutes；
企业为主导 with enterprises playing the leading role；
小微企业 small and micro businesses；
大有可为 accomplish great things；
扶上马、送一程 give them a leg up to get them going；
“草根”创新 grassroots innovation；
蔚然成风（突然大量出现）sprout up；
“扶上马、送一程”好难处理，参考译文虽然用词很简单，但处理的好形象。
PARIS — President Obama told world leaders who gathered northeast of Paris on Monday for a climate conference that the United States is at least partly to blame for the life-threatening damage that environmental change has wrought, and he urged world leaders to join him in fixing the problem.
巴黎——美国总统奥巴马周一向聚集在巴黎东北郊参加全球气候大会的各国领导人表示，美国对气候变化引起的危及生命的损害至少负有部分责任，他敦促各国领导人同他一起努力解决这个问题。
partly 一定程度上，部分地；
be to blame (for sth) 对(坏事)负有责任；
life-threatening 危及生命的；
wrought: 使发生了,造成了(尤指变化): This century wrought major changes in our society. 本世纪给我们的社会带来了重大变革。
fix the problem 解决问题；
“I’ve come here personally, as the leader of the world’s largest economy and the second-largest emitter,” Mr. Obama said, “to say that the United States of America not only recognizes our role in creating this problem,we embrace our responsibility to do something about it.”
奥巴马说，“作为世界最大经济体和第二大温室气体排放国的领导人，我本人来这里要说的是，美国不仅认识到我们在制造这个问题上所起的作用，而且我们欣然接受我们为解决这个问题需要承担的责任。”
emitter 排放国；
embrace 接受；
In a speech interrupted by repeated beeps warning that he had exceeded his time limit, Mr. Obama said in Le Bourget that the climate conference represented an important turning point in world history because the leaders attending the meeting now recognize the urgency of the problem. “No nation — large or small, wealthy or poor — is immune,” he said.
奥巴马在布尔歇的演讲屡次被嘟嘟声打断，提示他已超时。在演讲中他表示，这个气候会议是世界史上的一个重要转折点，因为出席此次会议的领导人现已意识到气候问题的紧迫性。他说：“没有任何一个国家——无论是大国、还是小国，富国、还是穷国——能免受影响。”
exceeded time limit 超时；
immune 有免疫力，不受影响；
The greatest threat to reaching a binding climate accord may be a loose coalition of developing nations, led by India, who argue that they should not be asked to limit their economic growth as a way of fixing a problem that was largely created by the others, and Mr. Obama conceded that point.
对达成具有约束力的气候协议的最大威胁可能是一个以印度为首的发展中国家松散联盟，这些国家认为，他们不应该为解决这个在很大程度上是其他国家造成的问题而被要求限制他们的经济增长，奥巴马承认了这一点。
reach a binding climate accord 达成具有约束力的气候协议；
a loose coalition 松散的联盟；
concede 承认；
“We know the truth that many nations have contributed little to climate change but will be the first to feel its most destructive effects,” he said.
他说，“许多国家对气候变化没有起多大的作用，但气候变化最具破坏力的影响将首先殃及它们，我们知道这个事实。”
destructive 引起破坏(或毁灭)的；破坏(或毁灭)性的；
He promised money to help the poorest nations transition to economies that depend less on burning fossil fuels, but he said a delay was not acceptable.
奥巴马承诺提供资金，以帮助最贫穷的国家过渡到对化石燃料不再那么依赖的经济体，但他表示，推迟行动是不可接受的。
transition 过度；
fossil fuel 化石燃料；
“For I believe, in the words of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., that there is such a thing as being too late,” Mr. Obama said. “And when it comes to climate change, that hour is almost upon us.”
“因为我相信，用马丁•路德•金的话来说，有为时过晚的事情，”奥巴马说。“就气候变化而言，这个时刻近在眼前。”
Mr. Obama also repeated an argument, lampooned by some Republicans, that the climate conference was a fitting response to the terrorist attacks that cost the lives of 130 people in and around Paris on Nov. 13.
奥巴马还重提了一个说法，即气候大会是对11月13日在巴黎及附近地区发生的、造成130人死亡的恐怖袭击的恰当回应。一些共和党人嘲讽这种说法。
a fitting response 恰当的回应；
lampoon 嘲讽，讥讽；
terrorist attacks 恐怖袭击；
“What greater rejection of those who would tear down our world than marshaling our best efforts to save it,” he said.
奥巴马说，“对那些想要毁灭这个世界的人来说，我们为挽救世界而竭尽全力是对他们再大不过的反击。”
tear down: If you tear something down, you destroy it or remove it completely.
marshal 调集，集结力量；
第四段中they should not be asked to limit their economic growth as a way of fixing a problem that was largely created by the others，参考译文是“他们不应该为解决这个在很大程度上是其他国家造成的问题而被要求限制他们的经济增长”，读起来很累，我试着将其改为“这个问题很大程度上是其他国家造成的，因此他们不应为解决该问题被要求限制经济发展。”
一份成功的国际协议既要解决当下矛盾，更要引领未来。巴黎协议应该着眼于强化2020年后全球应对气候变化行动，也要为推动全球更好实现可持续发展注入动力。
A successful international agreement should not just address immediate challenges but more importantly, it should also present a vision for the future. The Paris agreement should focus on strengthening post-2020 global actions on climate change and boost global efforts to pursue sustainable development.
解决当下矛盾 address immediate challenges；
引领未来 present a vision for the future；
实现可持续发展 pursue sustainable development；
巴黎协议应该有利于实现公约目标，引领绿色发展。协议应该遵循公约原则和规定，推进公约全面有效实施。既要有效控制大气温室气体浓度上升，又要建立利益导向和激励机制，推动各国走向绿色循环低碳发展，实现经济发展和应对气候变化双赢。 -
The Paris agreement should help meet the goals of the UNFCCC and chart the course for green development. The agreement should follow the principles and rules set out in the UNFCCC and contribute to its full and effective implementation. The agreement should put effective control on the increase of atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases and set up incentive mechanisms to encourage countries to pursue green, circular and low-carbon development featuring both economic growth and an effective response to climate change.
实现目标 meet the goals of；
引领绿色发展 chart the course for green development；
遵循原则和规定 follow the principles and rules；
全面有效实施 full and effective implementation；
温室气体浓度 atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases；
建立利益导向和激励机制 set up incentive mechanisms；
巴黎协议应该有利于凝聚全球力量，鼓励广泛参与。协议应该在制度安排上促使各国同舟共济、共同努力。除各国政府，还应该调动企业、非政府组织等全社会资源参与国际合作进程，提高公众意识，形成合力。
The Paris agreement should help galvanize global efforts and encourage broad participation. The agreement should provide institutional arrangements that propel countries to make concerted efforts. Besides governments, it should also mobilize businesses, non-governmental organizations and all players in society to participate in international cooperation on climate change, thus raising public awareness of pooling resources on climate change.
凝聚全球力量 galvanize global efforts；
鼓励广泛参与 encourage broad participation；
促使 propel；
同舟共济、共同努力 make concerted efforts；
调动 mobilize；
非政府组织 non-governmental organizations；
提高公众意识 raise public awareness；
形成合力 pool resources on；
最近最火的新闻恐怕就是巴黎气候大会了，所以本周选取的两篇文章全都是气候大会题材。我认为虽然控制全球变暖刻不容缓，但各方很难达成一个令人满意的协议。目前而言，发展中国家很难做到既做到经济发展又保证保护环境。