Week72
Week72
笔译群是ScalersTalk旗下专攻笔译的训练组织，去年下半年和今年上半年我们举办了两次CATTI笔译训练营，共有8人通过二笔考试，5人通过三笔考试，成绩可喜。因此我们再次组建“备战2016年11月CATTI笔译训练营”，针对今年下半年的CATTI二笔、三笔考试，以持续行动为基调，对笔译持续强化训练。猛火力，高强度，玩命虐，连续训练两个月，让你的进步刹不住车，够胆你就来，请猛戳链接： http://scalers.gitbooks.io/100k-word-translation/content/chapter0.html 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到Kevin或瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。
注：笔译小组只接受邮件申请，请勿QQ留言，凡是以其他方式提交任务的，均不会回复或者响应。收到邮件后3天左右回复。
以上三个群都不在的小伙伴，可先申请加入C群（群号：456036104，验证消息：ScalersTalk）。笔译训练小组每周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员。
下面是笔译训练群的第七十二周（2016.09.05-2016.09.11）训练日志。
DAY 433
1.英译汉
THE leaders of America’s multinational firms are usually a picture of self-control, with sincere handshakes, grown-up hair and scripted sound bites. But ask them about the election and emotion takes over. At a drinks party in Manhattan, a mega-bank’s boss froths that Donald Trump is a madman. Thumping an office table, the head of one of the country’s biggest technology firms, and a rare Republican in Silicon Valley, solemnly vows to vote for Hillary Clinton. The chief of a huge transport firm giggles uneasily that a Trump presidency will destroy free trade— and his firm’s booming business with Mexico. The feeling of contempt is mutual. On June 29th Mr Trump laid into the Chamber of Commerce, big business’s favourite lobbying organisation. “It’s totally controlled by the special-interest groups,” he said, to wild cheers from a crowd in Maine.
参考译文
美国跨国企业高管给人的印象通常都是一副持重自制的模样：不失诚恳的握手，考究的发型以及滴水不漏的讲话。但是一跟这些人谈到美国大选，他们马上就来了情绪。在曼哈顿的一个酒会上，一家大型银行的老板口喷酒沫、愤愤不已地说唐纳德•特朗普是个疯子。一家大型科技公司的主管，同时也是硅谷少有的共和党人砰砰地敲着办公室桌子，信誓旦旦地说要投票给希拉里•克林顿。一家大型运输公司的领导略显担忧地笑着说，特朗普如果当了总统，自由贸易就毁了——同时也会毁了公司和墨西哥蒸蒸日上的生意。 特朗普也瞧不起他们。6月29日，特朗普痛斥了大企业最喜爱的游说机构——美国商会。他对着缅因州热烈欢呼的人群说道：“这个机构已经完全被特殊利益集团控制了。”
词汇整理
scripted 照稿念的
sound bite 简短讲话
froth 唾沫横飞（注意这个词还含有愤怒的意思）
thump 重击，狠打，捶击
contempt 蔑视，鄙视
lobby 游说
点评（沐融）
scripted sound bites可能是本段的一个难点，照稿念的简短讲话，想必是滴水不漏，十分细致周密的。另外还要注意最后一句，特朗普说话的对象应该是“欢呼的人群”，而不是“来自人群的欢呼”。翻译是灵活的，我们不仅要追求忠实于原文，同时也要考虑译文的合理性。
2.汉译英
2016 年正在向我们走来，在新的一年里，中国将主办二十国集团峰会。这既体现了国际社会对中国的高度信任，也展示了中国愿为国际社会作出贡献的真诚愿望。 二十国集团峰会机制诞生于 2008 年国际金融危机最紧要的关头。当时，全体成员同心协力，努力营造世界经济企稳复苏的新局面，确立二十国集团作为国际经济合作主要论坛的地位。
参考译文
The year of 2016 is fast approaching, a year in which China will host the G20 Summit. This shows both the international community’s strong confidence in China and China’s sincere wish to make contribution to the international community. The G20 summit mechanism was set up at the height of the international financial crisis in 2008, demonstrating G20 members’ determination to put the global economy back on its feet. The G20 thus became the premier forum for international economic cooperation.
词汇整理
最紧要的关头 at the height of
世界经济企稳复苏 put the global economy back on its feet
点评（沐融）
“2016年blabla，这一年……”，还有“诞生于2008年的紧要关头，当时……”都具有可整合的标志性词汇。第二小段搞清楚逻辑关系，再加上做好句子整合，就可以写出很漂亮的译文。
DAY 434
1.英译汉
Big international firms do not share Mr Trump’s diagnosis of America as a country that has stopped winning. For them, it has been a golden decade. Share prices are near an all-time high; the operating earnings of S&P 500 firms have risen by 137% since the crisis year of 2009. Many of the trends that have hurt Middle America have made USA Inc stronger. Big firms have cut jobs to increase productivity and now make 40% of their sales abroad. They are more dominant at home because of a wave of mergers and their mastery of lobbying. They grumble about tax, but have become superb at avoiding it. The top 50 firms paid a cash tax rate of 24% on their global profits in 2015, compared with an official rate of 39%. Even the big banks have learned to live with more regulation: they are thrashing their European rivals across the globe.
参考译文
对于特朗普断定美国今不比昔的言论，跨国大公司纷纷表示反对。对大公司来说，过去的十年是黄金十年。股票价格接近历史最高点；自2009年金融危机以来，标准普尔500指数成分股公司，营业利润增涨了137%。许多发展趋势虽然有损美国中产阶级的利益，却促使美国公司越来越强。大公司通过裁员来提升生产力，目前40%的销售收入都来自出口。但大规模并购和深厚的游说功力使得他们在美国本土的影响力更大。他们对纳税表示不满，却又深谙避税之道。2015年，50强企业缴纳的现金税率仅为其在全球总利润的24%，而官方（规定）的现金税率为39%。连美国的大银行也学会了应对全球各国更为严格的监管，它们在这方面完胜欧洲的对手。
词汇整理
Middle America 美国中产阶级
grumble 嘟囔，抱怨
thrash 连续击打；轻易击败
点评（沐融）
这段话理解难度并不大，所以就考验中文功力了。个人认为“深厚的游说功力”、“深谙避税之道”就译的很好。
2.汉译英
2016年，中国将继续深化改革，扩大对外开放，拓展国际经济合作。对于长期观察中国的人们来说，这些听起来大概耳熟能详。改革、开放与国际合作的有力结合，是多年来中国增长故事的核心要素。我们正在将其进一步推向前进。 中国经济总量已超过10万亿美元。在这样的体量基础上继续发展，过度依赖投资和出口拉动是不可持续的。小修小补只能应付一时：本届政府没有推行量化宽松，也没有采取竞争性货币贬值的措施，我们作出了推动结构性改革的抉择。
参考译文
For the Chinese economy, 2016 is a year of reform, openness and international co-operation. These priorities may sound surprisingly familiar to China-watchers. Their potent combination has been instrumental in China’s growth story over decades. We are taking them further. Given the size of China’s $10 trillion economy, overdependence on investment and exports is not tenable. What is called for is not temporary fixes: my government has resisted the temptations of quantitative easing and competitive currency devaluation. Instead, we choose structural reform.
词汇整理
长期观察中国的人们 China-watchers
过度依赖 overdependence
量化宽松 quantitative easing
竞争性货币贬值 competitive currency devaluation
点评（沐融）
watcher本身就包含long-term, regularly的意思。“中国经济总量已超过10万亿美元，在这样的体量基础上……”改写成“在中国10万亿美元经济总量的基础上”，原本的两句话合并成了一个短语。总而言之，今天汉译英的译文很精炼。
DAY 435
1.英译汉
At the very point that swathes of the public say the economy isn’t working, USA Inc is on top of the world, occupying all of the ten top spots in the global corporate rankings, measured by market value. Bosses of multinational firms think their country has everything to play for. The worst of the job losses attributable to cheap Chinese labour have already happened; with luck, Chinese consumers will start buying more from the rest of the world. America’s lead in technology has never been bigger. New trade deals, such as the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership, are remarkably skewed towards American interests in areas such as intellectual-property rights. “The American model that got us through the last 30 to 40 years is stronger than ever,” declared Eric Schmidt, the executive chairman of Alphabet, the parent company of Google, to the Economic Club of New York last month.
参考译文
当此之时，大多民众都认为美国经济不景气，美国企业却仍然称霸世界，包揽了各类全球公司市值排行榜的前十名。在跨国企业的老板们心中有着一切为美国效力的理由。虽然中国的廉价劳动力可能造成了美国最严重的失业现象，但幸运的话，中国消费者会从世界各地多买些东西。美国科技世界领先，影响力之大前所未有。新的贸易协定在知识产权等方面显然更符合美国利益，泛太平洋伙伴关系协定便是一例。谷歌母公司Alphabet的董事长埃里克•施密特上个月对纽约经济学会表示：“美国模式帮助我们在过去三四十年间渡过难关，现在它比以前更加强大。”
词汇整理
swathes of 很多的，（大）部分的
Trans-Pacific Partnership 跨太平洋伙伴关系
skew 歪曲，偏离
点评（沐融）
拆译是一个很重要的翻译技巧，有时候拆译会更符合汉语的表达习惯。例如Few went out in such a cutting and blinding wind. 大家可以试一试类似的句子。
2.汉译英
今天，我们齐聚巴黎，出席联合国气候变化巴黎大会开幕式。这表明，恐怖主义阻挡不了全人类应对气候变化、追求美好未来的进程。借此机会，我愿向法国人民致以诚挚的慰问，同时对奥朗德总统和法国政府为这次大会召开所作的精心筹备表示感谢。 《联合国气候变化框架公约》生效20多年来，在各方共同努力下，全球应对气候变化工作取得积极进展，但仍面临许多困难和挑战。
参考译文
Today, we are gathering here in Paris for the opening ceremony of the United Nations Conference on Climate Change. Our presence shows that terrorism cannot hold back mankind’s efforts to address climate change and pursue a better future. Let me take this opportunity to express my sincere sympathy to the French people and my gratitude to President Hollande and the French government for their meticulous preparations for this conference. Thanks to joint efforts of all parties since the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change entered into force over 20 years ago, global actions on climate change have made progress although there are still numerous difficulties and challenges.
词汇整理
联合国气候变化大会 the United Nations Conference on Climate Change
诚挚慰问 sincere sympathy
精心筹备 meticulous preparations
联合国气候变化框架公约the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
DAY 436
1.英译汉
The hostility of big firms towards Mr Trump goes beyond free trade. They know that America’s demographics are changing. The fastest-growing cohort of consumers are Hispanic, with their share of overall spending forecast to rise by about two percentage points by 2020, even as the share of white Americans drops by the same amount, according to Morgan Stanley, a bank. Bosses see a much more socially liberal America, too. None of this sits well with Mr Trump’s nativist agenda, which is perhaps why Wells Fargo, JPMorgan Chase, Ford, Coca-Cola and Apple have either cut their support for the Republican convention this month or will not support it at all.
参考译文
大型公司对于特朗普的敌意不限于自由贸易。他们认识到美国的人口特征在改变。摩根士丹利银行的数据显示，增速最快的消费群体是拉美人，即便是在美国白人消费水平下降两个百分点的情况下，拉美人的预期整体消费在2020年依然会增长两个百分点。企业家们也看到了一个更加自由开放的美国社会。这些都和特朗普本土主义议程相违背。这也许能解释为什么富国银行、摩根大通、福特、可口可乐和苹果公司在本月削减了对共和党大会的赞助资金，甚至直接撤资。
词汇整理
demographics 人口统计数据
cohort 一群人，一批人
Hispanic 母语为西班牙语的人（尤指住在美国或加拿大的拉丁美洲人）
nativist 本土主义的
点评（沐融）
选段难度不大，但第三句这个长句的语序调整值得注意。
2.汉译英
我国是海洋大国，要编制实施海洋战略规划，发展海洋经济，保护海洋生态环境，提高海洋科技水平，加强海洋综合管理，加强海上力量建设,坚决维护国家海洋权益，妥善处理海上纠纷，积极拓展双边和多边海洋合作，向海洋强国的目标迈进。
参考译文
China is a major maritime country. We need to draw up and implement a strategic maritime plan, develop the marine economy, protect the marine environment, strengthen marine science and technology, improve coordinated maritime management, strengthen our law enforcement and defense capabilities at sea, resolutely safeguard China’s maritime rights and interests, properly handle maritime disputes, actively expand bilateral and multilateral maritime cooperation, and move closer to achieving the goal of building China into a maritime power.
词汇整理
海洋大国 a major maritime country
海洋综合管理 coordinated maritime management
海上力量 law enforcement and defense capabilities at sea
海上纠纷 maritime disputes
点评（沐融）
个人认为maritime和marine的区别很难分辨，词典中给的英文释义大多重合。但从搭配来看，maritime多与heritage，navigation，trade，traffic等词搭配；而marine多与biology，creature，ecology，environment，pollution，science等搭配。虽然搭配也有重合之处，但我们可以尝试通过搭配来体会两个词的细微差别。
DAY 437
1.英译汉
Yet a thousand miles south of Manhattan, in suburban Florida, the mood is different. The boss of a construction firm says he is fed up. His firm does all its business within America’s borders and profits have not yet recovered to 2006 levels. The Obama administration, in his view, has crippled the economy. More generous welfare benefits means labourers have got lazy. Permits and local taxes have proliferated, raising costs. The crackdown on banks has hobbled lending. Vote for Hillary? Not a chance, he says. Trump it has to be—and if he is psychologically erratic and vulgar, better that than an endless stagnation.
参考译文
但在曼哈顿南部千里之外的佛罗里达郊区，气氛就完全不同了。一个建筑公司的老板说他受够了：他公司的业务往来都在美国境内，利润甚至都还没恢复到2006年的水平。在他看来，奥巴马政府导致了经济瘫痪。增加福利的结果是工人变懒。广发许可证和广征地方税，成本不断增加。对银行的打压导致贷款举步维艰。投票给希拉里？他表示绝对不可能。我肯定选择特朗普，就算他真的精神不正常而且粗俗不堪，也比经济永远停滞要好。
词汇整理
cripple 严重毁坏
proliferate 迅速增长
crackdown 严厉的打击，镇压
hobble 阻止，妨碍
erratic 不确定的，无规律的，古怪的
点评（沐融）
像crackdown和bailout这样拆开就是动词词组的名词很好用。“扫黄打黑”，“严厉打击跨国犯罪”这些常常听到的说法都可以用到crack down。
2.汉译英
控制能源消费总量，加强工业、交通、建筑等重点领域节能。积极发展循环经济，大力推进工业废物和生活垃圾资源化利用。我国节能环保市场潜力巨大，要把节能环保产业打造成新兴的支柱产业。 森林草原、江河湿地是大自然赐予人类的绿色财富，必须倍加珍惜。
参考译文
We will set a ceiling on total energy consumption and strengthen energy conservation in key areas such as manufacturing, transportation, and construction. We will work hard to develop a circular economy and promote the recovery of resources from industrial and household waste. There is enormous potential in China’s market for energy conservation and environmental protection; we will develop the energy conservation and environmental protection industry into a new pillar of the economy. Forests, grasslands, rivers, and wetlands are ecological riches and gifts of nature that we must take greater care to cherish.
词汇整理
控制 set a ceiling on
循环经济 circular economy
生活垃圾 household waste
推进资源化利用 promote the recovery of resources
点评（沐融）
“控制”用多了control，curb，limit这些常见词，用一用set a ceiling on这样形象化表达也是很好的选择喔。
DAY 438 Weekly Task
1.英译汉（408）
The G20 Summit is soon to be held in the beautiful lakeside city of Hangzhou, China. This summit provides a major platform of global economic and financial governance. It has the responsibility of curing the sluggish world economy, responding to the increasing risks and uncertainties, and tackling inequality and unbalanced development. Hopes are high for the Hangzhou Summit to chart the course for the global economy in transition.
参考译文
二十国集团（G20）杭州峰会即将在美丽的西子湖畔拉开帷幕。G20是全球经济金融治理的主要平台，在应对世界经济复苏乏力、风险和不确定因素增多、不平等不均衡现象突出等方面，肩负着重要使命和责任。国际社会普遍期待杭州峰会为处于转折关口的世界经济指引方向、开辟道路。
词汇整理
sluggish 停滞的
chart 制定计划
Both China and the UK are important members of the G20, sharing the same aspirations and responsibility to ensure the success of the summit. This weekend Prime Minister May will fly to China for the Hangzhou Summit. During the summit, President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister May will hold a bilateral meeting. This will be an important high-level exchange between China and Britain since President Xi Jinping’s successful state visit to the UK last year. It will be the first meeting between Chinese and British leaders since the new British government came into office. Therefore, this meeting will have great impact upon the future of China-UK relations. In her recent letters to the Chinese leaders, Prime Minister May expressed her anticipation for the summit and UK’s support for China to host a successful summit. She also looked to strengthen cooperation with China in business and on global issues. This not only sent a strong signal about how much Britain values its ties with China. It at the time highlighted the strategic and global nature of China-UK relations.
参考译文
中英都是G20重要成员，对确保杭州峰会成功，不仅抱有共同期待，而且肩负共同责任。梅首相本周末将赴华出席杭州峰会。峰会期间，中英两国领导人还将举行双边会见。这是继去年中国国家主席习近平对英国成功进行国事访问以来，中英两国又一次重要的高层交往，也是英国新政府组成以来中英领导人的首次会晤，对中英关系今后发展意义重大。梅首相行前专门致函中国领导人，称她期待出席此次峰会，英方支持中方成功办会，期待加强与中方在经贸和全球性问题上的合作。这不仅进一步释放出英方重视发展对华关系的积极信号，更彰显了中英关系的战略性和全球性。
词汇整理
bilateral meeting 双边会见
state visit 国事访问
The major task of this year’s G20 Summit is to boost growth and innovation, and tackle the challenges to the world economy. As countries with global influence, China and the UK have a wide range of consensus regarding the objectives of the summit and are ready to cooperate. Since China assumed G20 Presidency on December 1, 2015, China and the UK have maintained close communication and collaboration. China and the UK have had active cooperation on anti-corruption. The two co-chair the G20 anti-corruption working group tasked with making specific action plans for combating cross-border corruption. Both are working in close collaboration to forge global consensus on green finance, with the People’s Bank of China and Bank of England heading the G20 green finance study group. With the concerted efforts of China, Britain and all other parties, the preparation for the summit has been underway smoothly and effectively. China-UK cooperation on G20 issues is becoming a fruitful showcase of our global comprehensive strategic partnership.
参考译文
今年杭州峰会的核心任务是聚焦增长、推动创新，致力于解决世界经济面临的重大突出问题。中英都是具有全球影响力的大国，对峰会目标拥有广泛共识和良好合作意愿。自去年12月1日中国接任G20主席国以来，中英始终保持密切沟通与协作。双方以G20反腐败工作组共同主席身份积极开展合作，为打击跨国腐败行为制定具体行动计划。两国央行还领衔G20绿色金融研究小组共同主席，推动各方就发展绿色金融达成全球共识。正是在中英及有关各方共同努力下，峰会筹备工作进展顺利、成效显著。可以说，中英G20事务合作日益成为两国全面全球战略伙伴关系的一个生动写照。
词汇整理
collaboration 合作，协作
cross-border corruption 跨国腐败
forge 达成，结成
underway 进行中
global comprehensive strategic partnership 全球全面战略伙伴关系
点评（沐融）
本周英译汉选段难度不大，也几乎没有生词。对国际政治熟悉的话，我想一些套话是可以信手拈来的。
通过回译这种方式可以很好地体会双语差异。举文中一个例子，“梅首相本周末将赴华出席杭州峰会”回译成英文的时候，是否能够将动词“出席”处理成介词for。大家可以试一试。
2. 汉译英（340）
英国文学巨匠塞缪尔•约翰逊曾经说过：“未来是用现在换来的（The future is purchased by the present）。”中英关系发展到今天的水平是双方长期共同努力换来的，而中英关系的未来将取决于双方今天的选择，要通过我们今天的努力去创造。
参考译文
Samuel Johnson once said, “The future is purchased by the present.” Today’s China-UK relations are the result of decades long and concerted efforts of both countries, while the future of our bilateral relations depends on how we choose today – we need to work hard together today to purchase a better future.
词汇整理
共同努力 concerted efforts
明年我们将迎来中英建立大使级外交关系45周年。45年的不懈努力，换来了两国关系跨越式的发展。
参考译文
The year 2017 will mark the 45th anniversary of the establishment of ambassadorial-level diplomatic relations between China and the UK. Thanks to our unremitting efforts over the past 45 years, China-UK relations have witnessed leapfrog development.
词汇整理
大使级外交关系 ambassadorial-level diplomatic relations
不懈努力 unremitting efforts
跨越式发展 leapfrog development.
中英政治关系迈上更高水平。我们解决了重大历史遗留问题，香港回归祖国成为中国的特别行政区。我们确立了全面战略伙伴关系，建立了两国总理年度会晤、经济财金对话、战略对话和高级别人文交流机制等高层对话机制。去年习近平主席对英国事访问，极大推动了双方各领域合作与交流，开启了中英关系“黄金时代”。我们致力于国际经济金融体系改革，在维护世界和平、倡导自由贸易、应对气候变化、促进发展减贫等方面开展了有效合作。
参考译文
Firstly, China-UK political ties have moved to a higher level. With the handover of Hong Kong, we resolved an important historical issue. Hong Kong became a special administrative region of China. We established a comprehensive strategic China-UK partnership and a number of high-level dialogue mechanisms, including the annual Prime Ministers’ Meeting, the Economic and Financial Dialogue, the Strategic dialogue and the High Level People-to-people Dialogue. Last year, Chinese President Xi Jinping paid a state visit to the UK, which greatly promoted bilateral cooperation and exchanges across the board and unveiled the “Golden Era” of China-UK relations. Our two countries also share the commitment to reforms of the international economic and financial system. We have had effective cooperation in global issues, such as maintaining world peace, supporting free trade, addressing climate change, advancing development and eliminating poverty.
词汇整理
历史遗留问题 historical issue
人文交流 People-to-people Dialogue
高层对话机制 high-level dialogue mechanism
减贫 eliminate poverty
点评（沐融）
刘晓明大使的文章总是能很好的体现出双语差异，跟工作报告是完全不同的style，大家多多体会。
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