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笔译群是ScalersTalk旗下专攻笔译的训练组织，如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请猛戳链接： 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到Kevin（9797#####）或瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。
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下面是笔译训练群的第六十八周（2016.08.08-2016.08.14）训练日志。
CHINESE cities are known for their drab architecture and congested streets. Old structures have been torn down and new ones built in their place with such disregard for aesthetics that there is often little variation in building design or street layout. Some, however, attempt to create a distinctive hue, for example by requiring shops to use mock-traditional façades, or by erecting fancy streetlights with a local theme.
了无生气的建筑和拥挤不堪的街道，我们所知的中国城市就是这个样子。老旧的建筑物拆除后，新的建筑物完全无视建筑美学就在原地重建，以至于整个城市的建筑设计或街道布局都是千篇一律，毫无变化。但是，还是有人想搞出一些特色，如要求临街商店的当街正面使用一些仿传统的布置，或者根据当地的城市主题竖立一些造型别致的路灯。
drab 单调乏味的，无生气的
layout 布局，设计
distinctive 独特的，有特色的
so……that和such……that如何才能摆脱“如此……以至于”的魔爪，大家可以拿几个句子试一试。
发行地方政府债券置换存量债务3.2万亿元，降低利息负担约2000亿元，减轻了地方政府偿债压力。
Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure.
存量债务 outstanding debt
降低负担 lessen the burden
专业术语的表达只能多见多积累了。这里outstanding的义项似乎很少见，大家一定要对熟词僻义提高重视。
In Ruili, a slightly seedy town on the Burmese border, lamp posts are topped with golden peacocks. The nearby town of Mangshi prefers diving swallows, and Lincang, farther south, uses small metal aeroplanes. In Yangshuo, a sightseeing mecca in the southern province of Guangxi, the lights are shaped like bridal headdresses. In Emeishan, a city in the south-west, they resemble camellias and flower buds. And in Xi’an to the north, home to the famous terracotta warriors, electric lanterns hang from the mouths of dragons’ heads.
瑞丽是中缅边境上的一个有点脏乱的小城，该地街道上灯柱的顶部为金孔雀造型。临近的芒市偏爱采用俯冲的飞燕，再往南边的临沧用的是一些小的金属飞机。南部省份广西的一处观光胜地阳朔，其灯光的造型象新娘的头饰。西南部的城市峨眉山，路灯的造型取为山茶花和花蕾。往北到久负盛名的兵马俑之城西安市，路灯的造型是龙头的口中吊着的电灯笼。
seedy 肮脏的，乌烟瘴气的
mecca 热门地方，胜地（Mecca 麦加）
camellia 山茶花
terracotta warriors 兵马俑
如何清晰地介绍地理和方位而又避免表达单一，可以从这一段学习借鉴。
继续实行结构性减税和普遍性降费，进一步减轻企业特别是小微企业负担。稳健的货币政策要松紧适度。广义货币M2预期增长12%左右，在实际执行中，根据经济发展需要，也可以略高些。
We will continue to make structural tax reductions and cut fees across the board so as to further lighten the burden on enterprises, particularly small and micro businesses.We will pursue prudent and balanced monetary policy. The M2 money supply is forecasted to grow by around 12% in 2015, but the actual supply may be slightly higher than this projection depending on the needs of economic development.
结构性减税 structural tax reductions
普遍性降费 cut fees across the board
小微企业 small and micro businesses
货币政策 monetary policy
“稳健的货币政策”怎样处理成译文的样子恐怕要充分了解其内含才可以。那“松紧适度”为啥在译文里没有了呢？涉及到翻译的取舍问题总是比较难办，可以参考一下李长栓的《非文学》。（这本书虽为经典之作，但从考试的角度来看，其讲解也要有所取舍，尤其是与简单粗暴的工作报告相对比的时候。）
But there is a dark side to this prettification. Chinese media have invented a term for it: “streetlamp corruption”. Opportunities for graft are legion because lighting is rarely in investigators’ sights. Plenty of money is often involved. An 8-kilometre (5-mile) avenue of lamps in the style of ancient imperial ones costs the county of Lingbi, in the central province of Anhui, 3m yuan ($500,000) a year to light. Last year an electricity bureau official in Hangzhou, in the east, was sentenced to 14 years in prison for embezzling 6m yuan in electricity bills. One of her colleagues got ten years for taking bribes to help particular street-light-makers win government bids.
但是这些别致造型的背后却有着鲜为人知的阴暗面，中国的媒体为其命名为“路灯腐败”。由于路灯这一块很少会引起纪检部门的注意，官员们在路灯工程方面可以得到非常多的贪污腐败机会，而且涉及的金额非常大。以中部省份安徽的灵璧县为例，一条长度约为8公里（5英里）大街上古代皇帝造型的路灯照明一年要花掉300万人民币（50万美元）。去年，东部城市杭州一名电力局的官员因贪污600万电费而被判处14年有期徒刑。她的一名同事因协助有关路灯供应商获得政府的招标项目收受贿赂而被判处了10年有期徒刑。
prettification 粉饰，美化（动词prettify）
graft 贿赂
legion 很多，极多
embezzle 挪用，贪污
“古代皇帝造型的路灯”……呃想想都诡异。说起省份有一个小细节，山西和陕西大家知道怎么写吗？
修订外商投资相关法律，健全外商投资监管体系，打造稳定公平透明可预期的营商环境。 加快实施走出去战略。
We will work to improve the foreign investment regulatory system, revise laws concerning foreign investment, and create a stable, fair, transparent, and predictable business environment. We will speed up the implementation of the “go global” strategy.
监管体系 regulatory system
营商环境 business environment
走出去 go global
讲真我不知道为什么译文把“修订法律”和“健全体系”反过来翻了。
Bureaucrats in other provinces have been charged with taking backhanders for maintaining lights or overcharging for their installation. Some now think it has all gone too far. An estimated 3m new or replacement streetlamps are installed each year, but the government’s anti-corruption drive has made the luxury lighting business less lucrative. Now the push is for solar lighting and energy-saving bulbs instead. Graft involving these is reported too, but lower operating costs make for slimmer pickings.
其它省份的官员因在路灯保养工程中收受回扣，或者在路灯安装工程中收费过高也已遭到了起诉。目前有人认为这样做有点矫枉过正了。尽管每年新装或更换的路灯约为300万支，但是政府的反腐败行动已经使高端照明行业的利润大大降低。目前大力推广的是取而代之的太阳能照明和节能灯泡，关于这些方面的腐败行为也常见诸报端。但是只有运营的成本越低，其中的猫腻才会越少。
backhander 贿赂
lucrative 获利多的
pickings [pl.] 油水，不义之财
这篇文章到这里就结束了，参考译文还是有几处可供找茬的。“贪污受贿”还只用corruption和bribe吗？大把的同近义词还不赶快学起来！
鼓励企业参与境外基础设施建设和产能合作，推动铁路、电力、通信、工程机械以及汽车、飞机、电子等中国装备走向世界，促进冶金、建材等产业对外投资。
We will encourage Chinese companies to participate in overseas infrastructure development projects and engage in cooperation with their foreign counterparts in building up production capacity. We will work to increase the international market share of Chinese railway, electric power, communications, engineering machinery, automobile, aircraft, electronics, and other equipment, and encourage the metallurgical, building materials, and other industries to invest overseas.
参与境外产能合作 engage in cooperation with their foreign counterparts in building up production capacity
走向世界 increase the international market share
冶金产业 metallurgical industry
“推动……走向世界”可解读为增加中国工程和设备在国际市场所占的比重，也就是扩大市场份额，与前面的“go global”相比表述更为具体。我想具体了解一下“走出去战略”的含义应该会有所帮助。
MORE and more of the world is working in English. Multinational companies (even those based in places such as Switzerland or Japan) are making it their corporate language. And international bodies like the European Union and the United Nations are doing an ever-greater share of business in the world’s new default language. At the office, it’s English’s world, and every other language is just living in it. Is this to the English-speaker’s advantage? Working in a foreign language is certainly hard. It is easier to argue fluently or to make a point subtly when not trying to call up rarely used vocabulary or construct sentences correctly.
英语日渐成为越来越多人的工作语言。许多跨国公司（即使是总部位于瑞士和日本的公司）开始把工作语言定为英语。欧盟、联合国和其它国际组织也开始使用英语处理越来越多的事务，把它看成新的默认语言。办公室成了英语的世界，而其它语言只是混迹其中。 这对讲英语的人有利吗？毫无疑问，在非母语环境下工作十分困难。一个人在不用费尽心思回想生僻词汇或组织正确句子的情况下，他能够更流利地与别人争论，也更容易巧妙地表达观点。
multinational company 跨国公司
default 默认
subtly 巧妙地
“混迹其中”不仅把意思传达到位，连原文的语气都没落下，这样的四字词十分添彩。但是想提醒大家注意的是，翻译时成语的运用要准确贴切，比如形容神箭手可以说“百发百中”，但是“百步穿杨”就不太好了。
打好节能减排和环境治理攻坚战。环境污染是民生之患、民心之痛，要铁腕治理。今年，二氧化碳排放强度要降低3.1%以上，化学需氧量、氨氮排放都要减少2%左右，二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放要分别减少3%左右和5%左右。
We will fight to win the battle of conserving energy, reducing emissions, and improving the environment. Environmental pollution is a blight on people's quality of life and a trouble that weighs on their hearts. We must fight it with all our might. This year, we will cut the intensity of carbon dioxide by at least 3.1%, reduce both chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions by around 2%, and reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides by around 3% and 5% respectively.
节能 conserve energy
减排 reduce emissions
民生之患 a blight on people's quality of life
民心之痛 a trouble that weighs on their hearts
铁腕治理 fight it with all our might
氨氮排放 ammonia nitrogen emissions
翻译写作不分家，从这一段可以学习到a blight on sb/sth，weigh on one’s heart等表达，大家多多积累。
The world’s young people – who make up the largest generation of youth in history – can lead a global drive to break the patterns of the past and set the world on course to a more sustainable future. Young people are directly affected by the tragic contradictions that prevail today: between abject poverty and ostentatious wealth, gnawing hunger and shameful food waste, rich natural resources and polluting industries. Youth can deliver solutions on these issues, which lie at the heart of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
当今的世界青年是历史上人数最多的一代青年，他们能领导开展一场全球运动，以打破过去的模式，使世界走向更可持续的未来。目前普遍存在着可悲的矛盾：有些人一贫如洗，有些人却有着炫目的财富；有些人在经历着不堪忍受的饥饿，有些人却在可耻地浪费粮食；有些地区有着丰富的自然资源，有些地区却存在污染性工业。而年轻人直接受着这些矛盾的影响。青年能执行这些问题的解决办法，而这些解决办法正是《2030年可持续发展议程》的核心所在。
abject 悲惨的，绝望的（abject poverty 赤贫，一贫如洗）
ostentatious 炫耀的，铺张的
gnawing 折磨人的，令人痛苦的
In this first year of that 15-year plan for a healthier, safer and more just future, we count on the active engagement of the world’s young people to transform the production and consumption of goods and services so they meet the basic needs and aspirations of the world’s poorest people without overburdening already strained ecosystems.
在这一推动实现更健康、更安全和更公正未来的15年计划的第一年，我们希望世界青年积极参与改变物品和服务的生产和消费，使它们满足世界最贫穷的人的基本需要和愿望，同时又不使已遭受很大压力的生态系统负担过重。
strained 紧张的，憔悴的
Young people are traditionally at the cutting edge, and today’s youth have more information than any previous generation. Their dynamism, creativity and idealism can combine to shape attitudes toward demand and help create more sustainable industries.
青年传统上处于时代的最前沿，而当今的青年拥有比以往任何一代人更多的信息。他们的活力、创造力和理想主义可合在一起，引导形成对需求的态度，帮助创造更可持续的产业。
the cutting edge 尖端，最前沿
Youth are already influencing how the world produces, distributes and consumes while driving green entrepreneurship by designing sustainable products and services. As conscious consumers, young people are at the forefront of a shift toward more fair, equitable and sustainable buying patterns. Youth are strong and effective advocates of recycling, reusing and limiting waste, and they are leading technological innovations to foster a resource-efficient economy.
青年已在影响世界的生产、分配和消费方式，同时通过设计可持续的产品和服务，正在推动绿色创业。青年作为有意识的消费者，走在向更公正、更公平、更可持续的购买模式转变的最前列。青年是再循环、再利用、减少废物的强有力的有效倡导者，他们正在领导技术革新，促进节约资源的经济。
equitable 公平合理的，公正的
When we invest in youth, they can contribute to new markets, decent jobs, fair trade, sustainable housing, sustainable transport and tourism, and more opportunities that benefit the planet and people.
当我们投资于青年时，他们就能促进新的市场、体面的就业、公平的贸易、可持续住房、可持续的交通运输和旅游，帮助创造出更多造福地球和人民的机会。
I am proud that the United Nations is actively engaged in supporting young leaders who can carry out the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including Goal 12 on sustainable consumption and production patterns. I encourage all young people to become involved in advancing the SDGs and demanding action by their Governments. My Youth Envoy is eager to connect you to our campaigns, which are being carried out across the entire United Nations system.
我感到自豪的是，联合国积极参与支持青年领袖，而这些领袖能够执行可持续发展目标，包括关于可持续消费和生产模式的目标12。我鼓励所有年轻人参与推进可持续发展目标，要求他们的政府行动起来。我的青年问题特使热切要把你们与我们正在整个联合国系统开展的运动联系在一起。
Sustainable Development Goals 可持续发展目标
Youth Envoy 青年问题特使
On International Youth Day, I urge others to join this global push for progress. Let us empower young people with the resources, backing and space they need to create lasting change in our world.
值此国际青年日，我敦促其他方面加入进来，共同推动取得进步。让我们向青年提供他们需要的资源、支持和空间，增强其权能，在我们的世界上创造持久的变革。
这是潘基文在国际青年日的致辞，像这样高质量的讲稿其实很适合做回译练习，大家可以试试看。
关于如何处理专有名词，这篇文章提供了一个范例：第一次出现某专有名称（机构、提案等），要写全称，其后用括号附上缩写或简称，在后文再次出现就可用缩写或简称，例如文中Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)。即使是十分常见的专有名词，比如WTO，也要写成World Trade Organization (WTO)才更为严谨。
很高兴代表中国政府就落实2030年可持续发展议程进行陈述。我今天的陈述主要有两个目的：一是介绍中国落实发展议程的工作进展和下步规划，二是就落实工作同大家交换看法，并听取你们的宝贵意见和建议。
I am glad to present, on behalf of the Chinese government, its Voluntary National Review of the Implementation of 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. I have two main purposes in my statement today: to give you an account of the progress and future plans in China’s implementation of the Agenda; and to exchange views with you on the implementation and hear your valuable suggestions.
2030年可持续发展议程 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，始终坚持发展是第一要务，将可持续发展作为基本国策。2013年联合国启动可持续发展目标政府间谈判后，中国全面参与谈判进程，结合自身改革开放及落实千年发展目标的经验积极建言献策，协调各方立场，为国际社会最终成功制定2030年可持续发展议程作出了突出贡献，得到各方高度评价。
China is the largest developing country in the world, with development as its top priority and sustainable development as a basic national policy. Since the launch of intergovernmental negotiations on Sustainable Development Goals by the United Nations in 2013, China has participated fully in the negotiations, and has put forward proposals in light of its experience of reform, opening-up and implementation of the MDGs. China has coordinated positions with various parties, making significant and highly-appreciated contribution to the successful formulation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development by the international community.
第一要务 top priority
基本国策 basic national policy
政府间谈判 intergovernmental negotiations
in light of 根据，鉴于
2015年9月，中国国家主席习近平出席联合国发展峰会，同各国领导人一道通过了2030年可持续发展议程。可持续发展议程同中国全面建成小康社会、实现中华民族伟大复兴“中国梦”的目标契合，同中国推进可持续发展事业、人人享有发展成果的理念相通，同中国发挥负责任大国作用、推动各国实现共同发展的追求一致。落实可持续发展目标既是我们做出的承诺、应尽的国际责任，也是我们推进改革开放事业、建设中国特色社会主义的有效途径。
In September 2015, Chinese President Xi Jinping attended the United Nations Sustainable Development Summit, and joined other world leaders in adopting the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This Agenda dovetails with China’s efforts to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society, and to realize the “Chinese dream” of national rejuvenation. It resonates with China’s vision of advancing sustainable development and ensuring that all people share the benefits of development. It is also consistent with China’s pursuit to play the role of a responsible big country and to promote common development of all countries. The implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals is China’s commitment and its due international responsibility. It is also an effective way to advance China’s reform, opening-up and socialism with Chinese characteristics.
联合国发展峰会 the United Nations Sustainable Development Summit
全面小康社会 a moderately prosperous society
中华民族伟大复兴 national rejuvenation
与……契合 dovetail with
与……相通 resonate with
与……一致 be consistent with
应尽的国际责任 due international responsibility
英语在词汇和句式上灵活多变，汉译英时应避免表达单一，比如文中的dovetail, resonate, be consistent with, 相近的表达还有in line with, in concordance with, agree with, concerted, joint等。把同近义词整理到一起也不失为一个好办法。