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ScalersTalk笔译专练小组第75周训练日志
笔译群是ScalersTalk旗下专攻笔译的训练组织，去年下半年和今年上半年我们举办了两次CATTI笔译训练营，共有8人通过二笔考试，5人通过三笔考试，成绩可喜。因此我们再次组建“备战2016年11月CATTI笔译训练营”，针对今年下半年的CATTI二笔、三笔考试，以持续行动为基调，对笔译持续强化训练。猛火力，高强度，玩命虐，连续训练两个月，让你的进步刹不住车，够胆你就来，请猛戳链接 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到Kevin或瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。
注：笔译小组只接受邮件申请，请勿QQ留言，凡是以其他方式提交任务的，均不会回复或者响应。收到邮件后3天左右回复。
以上三个群都不在的小伙伴，可先申请加入C群（群号：456036104，验证消息：ScalersTalk）。笔译训练小组每周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员。
下面是笔译训练群的第七十四周（2016.09.26-2016.10.02）训练日志。
Still, something is clearly changing in America’s older cities. They are much less crime-ridden than before, thanks to a combination of better policing and demographic change. The homicide rate fell by16.8% from 2000 to 2010 in big cities. Now these urban centres are magnets for millennials fresh from university and with few responsibilities. Young professionals are reconquering former no-go areas and shifting the problem of urban blight into the suburbs. Hiring such people in Boston, GE reckons, will help it shift its focus from hardware to software and from selling things to offering services over the internet.
Yet the new downtown headquarters are very different from the old ones, and not just because they are open-plan and trendy. They are far smaller.
但是，美国的一些旧城区正发生显著变化，市中心由于治安管理的加强和人口结构的改变，犯罪率较以前大大降低。从2000至2010十年间，大城市中的谋杀率也下降了16.8%。如今，市中心正吸引着刚从大学毕业、鲜有责任感的千禧一代。年轻职场人士在重征这片先前被称为“禁区”之地时，也把城市问题转向了郊区。通用电气认为，雇佣这些人到波士顿，可以将公司侧重点从硬件转向软件，从网络销售商品转为网上提供服务。
但是，新城区的公司和旧式的公司大不相同，并不仅仅是因为这些公司是时髦的开放式办公室，还在于这些公司的规模要小得多。
crime-ridden 犯罪猖獗的；
a combination of better policing and demographic change 治安管理的加强和人口结构的改变；
homicide 蓄意杀人罪；
sth. is magnet for sb. 某物吸引某人；
millennials 千禧一代；
no-go areas 禁区；
blight (对局势、生活或环境)有害的事物,不利因素: His death cast a blight on the whole of that year. 他的死使那一整年都处在阴影之中。
downtown （adv.）在市中心
原文magnet我觉得用的很好，我们可以积累一下，以后遇到“吸引”就不要老是用“attract”了。
我们应该致力于构建创新、活力、联动、包容的世界经济，通过创新驱动发展和结构性改革，为各国增长注入动力，使世界经济焕发活力。
我们要树立人类命运共同体意识，推进各国经济全方位互联互通和良性互动，完善全球经济金融治理，减少全球发展不平等、不平衡现象，使各国人民公平享有世界经济增长带来的利益。
We should strive to build an innovative, invigorated, interconnected and inclusive global economy and explore new ways to drive development and structural reform, injecting impetus into the growth of individual countries and energizing the global economy.
We should embrace the vision of a global community of shared future, enhance economic connectivity and exchanges among countries and improve global economic and financial governance so as to address inequality and imbalance in global development and ensure that the benefits of economic growth will be equitably shared by people of all countries.
致力于 strive to；
构建创新、活力、联动、包容的世界经济 build an innovative, invigorated, interconnected and inclusive global economy；
注入动力injecting impetus into；
树立人类命运共同体意识 embrace the vision of a global community of shared future；
推进各国经济全方位互联互通和良性互动enhance economic connectivity and exchanges among countries and improve global economic and financial governance；
中文中会出现很多句子并列存在的情况，句子之间可以没有连接词，此时就需要我们深挖上下句之间的连接关系，恰当选用连接词。
CUCUMBER mosaic virus is not restricted to its eponymous host. It can also ravage tomatoes—stunting them and causing them to produce contorted tendril-like leaves. Given this devastation, it is surprising susceptible plants continue to exist; natural selection should have produced resistance years ago. A paper in this week's PLoS Pathogens, however, explains the apparent contradiction. The team that wrote it, led by John Carr of Cambridge University, found that the virus actually helps its host to reproduce. It does so using an unsuspecting accomplice: the bumble-bee.
黄瓜花叶病毒不仅感染黄瓜作物，也荼毒番茄植株——使感染植株生长迟缓并且长出卷曲的病叶。既然黄瓜花叶病毒对作物危害甚大，自然选择理应早就淘汰了易受感染植株，只留下具有抗病能力的植株。但令人惊讶的是，没有抗病能力的番茄依然存在。本周 PLoS Pathogens发表论文解释了这一明显的矛盾。论文由剑桥大学约翰•卡尔带领的团队发表，他们发现黄瓜花叶病毒实际上是在帮助宿主繁衍。这些病毒利用毫不知情的“帮凶”——大黄蜂——而达成这一目的。
epony·mous /iˈpɔniməs/ (与标题)同名的: Don Quixote, eponymous hero of the great novel by Cervantes 堂吉诃德——塞万提斯巨着中与书同名的主人公;
contorted 扭曲的，走样的；
accomplice 帮凶，共犯；
bumble-bee 大黄蜂
这段话乍一看好像很多生词，其实都是一些专业的词汇或是专属名词，查一下就好了，其实真正的生词没几个。
中国每年新增城镇就业1000万人以上，居民收入增长超过GDP增速。消费对经济增长的贡献率达到 60%，消费升级也伴随着强劲增长。以出境游为例，去年中国公民出境达1亿人次，今年上半年又同比增长10%。
We are creating over 10 million jobs a year and disposable-income growth is outstripping that of GDP. Consumption, already responsible for 60% of growth, keeps going strong and up-market. Take outbound tourism, for example: Chinese citizens made over 100m trips overseas in 2014, and the first half of 2015 saw year-on-year growth of 10%.
居民收入 disposable-income；
消费对经济增长的贡献率达到 60% Consumption, already responsible for 60% of growth；
outbound tourism 出境游；
同比增长 year-on-year growth；
挺常规的一句话，每年政府报告都要出现好多次。
Like many discoveries, this one was accidental. Dr Carr had ordered some equipment to analyse the volatile chemicals emitted by infected tomato plants. While he was waiting for it to arrive, a colleague offered to lend him some bees, as these pollinators are known for their sense of smell. His team placed both healthy and infected plants in a greenhouse, covered them so that the bees could smell but not see them, and released the insects.
与众多发现一样，这次发现也纯属偶然。卡尔博士曾订购了一批设备用来分析番茄感染植株释放的挥发性化学物质。在等待设备到位的这段时间，一位同事主动提出借给他一些蜜蜂以供研究之用，因为蜜蜂以灵敏的嗅觉著称。实验人员把正常植株和感染植株放置在同一温室，遮盖实验作物，以确保蜜蜂只能嗅到而不能看到实验作物，然后把蜜蜂放入温室。
volatile chemicals 挥发性化学物质；
pollinator 传粉昆虫；
这段话难度不大。
巴黎协议应该有利于凝聚全球力量，鼓励广泛参与。协议应该在制度安排上促使各国同舟共济、共同努力。除各国政府，还应该调动企业、非政府组织等全社会资源参与国际合作进程，提高公众意识，形成合力。
巴黎协议应该有利于加大投入，强化行动保障。获取资金技术支持、提高应对能力是发展中国家实施应对气候变化行动的前提。
The Paris agreement should help galvanize global efforts and encourage broad participation. The agreement should provide institutional arrangements that propel countries to make concerted efforts. Besides governments, it should also mobilize businesses, non-governmental organizations and all players in society to participate in international cooperation on climate change, thus raising public awareness of pooling resources on climate change.
The Paris agreement should help increase input of resources to ensure actions on climate change. To obtain financial and technical support for capacity building is essential for developing countries to address climate change.
凝聚全球力量 galvanize global efforts；
鼓励广泛参与 encourage broad participation；
同舟共济、共同努力 make concerted efforts；
调动企业、非政府组织等全社会资源参与国际合作进程 mobilize businesses, non-governmental organizations and all players in society to participate in international cooperation on climate change；
获取资金技术支持 obtain financial and technical support；
中文喜欢重复四字格文字，增强文章的韵律，但其实质内容很多都是重复的，所以我们再译成英语的时候不必字对字译出，比如“同舟共济、共同努力”就是make concerted efforts。
The bees could indeed tell the difference—but to Dr Carr's surprise they did not favour the healthy plants. Rather, they strongly preferred the infected ones. For some viral strains, they were four times more likely to visit an infected plant than a healthy one. Subsequent experiments, carried out after the analytical apparatus had arrived, showed that this difference in behaviour was, indeed, a response to differences in the chemicals that infected and uninfected plants give off.
蜜蜂确实可以嗅出不同植株间的差异，但它们对感染植株青睐有加而基本不理会那些健康植株，这一点令卡尔博士感到惊喜——相较于健康植株，一些受病毒感染的蜜蜂种群光顾受感染的植株的可能性是前者的四倍之多。分析设备到位后，后续实验揭示了蜜蜂的这种行为上的差异其实是针对两类植株所释放的不同化学物质而做出的反应。
viral 病毒性的；
infected plant 受感染的植株；
subsequent后续的；
apparatus 仪器，设备，装置；
give off 释放（（气体、热量、气味等））
这篇文章有些偏科技文性质，所以我们在处理一些词汇时要注意，比如plant不能翻译成“植物”而是“植株”。
新兴产业和新兴业态是竞争高地。要实施高端装备、信息网络、集成电路、新能源、新材料、生物医药、航空发动机、燃气轮机等重大项目，把一批新兴产业培育成主导产业。制定“互联网+”行动计划，推动移动互联网、云计算、大数据、物联网等与现代制造业结合，促进电子商务、工业互联网和互联网金融健康发展，引导互联网企业拓展国际市场。
Emerging industries and new types of businesses are areas of intense competition. We will launch major projects to develop high-end equipment, information networks, integrated circuits, new energy, new materials, biomedicines, aero engines, and gas turbines, helping a number of emerging industries to become leading ones. We will develop the “Internet Plus” action plan to integrate the mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data, and the Internet of Things with modern manufacturing, to encourage the healthy development of e-commerce, industrial networks, and Internet banking, and to guide Internet-based companies to increase their presence in the international market.
新兴产业 Emerging industries ；
新兴业态 new types of businesses；
实施重大项目 launch major projects；
高端装备high-end equipment；
集成电路 integrated circuits；
生物医药 biomedicines；
航空发动机 aero engines；
燃气轮机 gas turbines；
云计算 cloud computing；
大数据 big data；
物联网 the Internet of Things；
引导互联网企业拓展国际市场 guide Internet-based companies to increase their presence in the international market；
一段话有十几个专有名词，但也都比较常见，所以还是要记下来。
The question was how the bees' preference played into the plants'evolution. Tomatoes are able to fertilise themselves, without need of a pollinator, yet even this self-pollination can be assisted by a bee visiting a flower. Vibrations caused by the insect's buzzing help release pollen from the flower's anthers so that it can fall onto the stigma. Could this process, Dr Carr wondered, make up for the evolutionary disadvantage the virus otherwise inflicts?
但问题是，蜜蜂对植株的偏爱在植物进化中起到了什么作用呢？番茄无需传粉者便可以进行自花授粉。然而，蜜蜂的访花行为也能促进自花授粉。 昆虫嗡嗡作响，产生的震动使花药中的花粉粒落到柱头上。但是卡尔博士仍有疑虑，上述过程能弥补病毒带来的进化缺陷吗？
fertilise 授粉；
self-pollination 自画像，自我描述；
pollen 花粉；
stigma （花）柱头；耻辱，羞耻；
inflict 使遭受不愉快的事，使承受；
The question was how the bees' preference played into the plants'evolution.这句话里的一个句式我觉得挺不错的“how sth plays into sth”，某物在某物中扮演什么地位。
要尊法学法守法用法，依法全面履行职责，所有行政行为都要于法有据，任何政府部门都不得法外设权。深化行政执法体制改革，严格规范公正文明执法，加快推进综合执法，全面落实行政执法责任制。一切违法违规的行为都要追究，一切执法不严不公的现象都必须纠正。
We must respect, study, abide by, and apply the law, and fully perform our duties in accordance with it. All government activities must have a legal basis, and no government body may assume any power which is not provided for by law. We will deepen reform of the administrative law enforcement system, enforce the law in a strict, well-regulated, impartial, and appropriate manner, press ahead with coordinated law enforcement, and fully implement the accountability system for administrative law enforcement. We must see to it that all violations of laws and regulations are investigated and prosecuted, and all failures to strictly and impartially enforce the law are rectified.
尊法学法守法用法 respect, study, abide by, and apply the law；
法外设权 assume any power which is not provided for by law；
行政执法体制改革 administrative law enforcement system；
严格规范公正文明执法 enforce the law in a strict, well-regulated, impartial, and appropriate manner；
行政执法责任制 accountability system for administrative law enforcement；
一切执法不严不公的现象都必须纠正 all failures to strictly and impartially enforce the law are rectified；
注意是“尊法”不是“遵法”。
Over two thousand years ago, Aristotle wrote: “All human beings by nature desire to know.”
两千多年以前，亚里士多德写道：“人天生渴望知情”。
All human beings by nature desire to know. 人天生渴望知情。
To know requires having access to information – this fundamental human right is part of what makes us human, it is essential for inclusion and dialogue, it is a foundation for the rule of law and good governance, and it is vital for crafting new paths to sustainable development.
知情，意味着获取信息。这是某种程度上决定着人之为人的一项基本权利，是宽容和对话所必需，是法治和善治的根基，是开辟通向可持续发展新道路的关键所在。
having access to information 获取信息；
a foundation for the rule of law and good governance 法治和善治的根基；
it is vital for crafting new paths to sustainable development 开辟通向可持续发展新道路的关键所在；
This is the message of the first International Day for Universal Access to Information, as decided by UNESCO Member States – this is why access to information is a key driver for taking forward the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, to promote the human rights and dignity, to eradicate poverty, to build inclusive knowledge societies.
这正是教科文组织根据会员国的决定发起第一个“国际普遍获取信息日”所要传递的讯息。因为获取信息，是推动实现《2030年可持续发展议程》、促进人权和尊严、消除贫困、 建设包容性知识社会的强大动力。
UNESCO 联合国教科文组织；
to eradicate poverty 消除贫困；
to build inclusive knowledge societies 建设包容性知识社会；
Equal and universal access to information is a powerful engine for positive change, widening opportunities to overcome inequalities, to reach the marginalised, to create and share knowledge, to discover other cultures, to strengthen the foundations of democratic institutions. In a globalising world, this right must be respected offline and online – the digital revolution must be a development revolution, drawing on the empowering force of new information and communication technologies, for inclusion and innovation.
平等并普遍获取信息，是积极变革的主要推动力，为战胜不平等、惠及边缘化群体、创造与分享知识、发现其他文化以及巩固民主制度根基，提供了更多的机遇。在一个全球化的世界，这项权利无论是在线上还是在线下，都应该得到尊重。数字革命必须是一场发展的革命，有赖于发挥新的信息通信技术的能动作用，为包容和创新服务。
Equal and universal access to information 平等并普遍获取信息；
a powerful engine for ……的主要推动力；
to reach the marginalised 惠及边缘化群体；
drawing on the empowering force of new information and communication technologies 有赖于发挥新的信息通信技术的能动作用；
This means breaking down all barriers to access, in connectivity, in skills. This is the importance of strong freedom of information laws and their effective implementation. It was 250 years ago that contemporary Sweden and Finland adopted the world’s first right to information legislation, as recognised in the 2016 World Press Freedom Day Finlandia Declaration. To move forward, we must empower all women and men with awareness of their right of access to information, and we must advance media and information literacy skills so that all can harness this right for sustainable development.
这就意味着，应该消除横亘在通往连接互通及获取技能道路上的所有障碍。为此，有必要强化信息自由立法及其有效实施工作。正如2016年世界新闻自由日《芬兰宣言》所述，二百五十年前，世界上第一部信息权利法在当今的瑞典和芬兰获得通过。目前，为了取得更大进步，我们应该增强全体民众的权能，提高他们对获取信息权利的认识，培养他们的媒体 和信息素养，使每个人都可以充分利用这一权利为可持续发展服务。
harness this right for sustainable development 充分利用这一权利为可持续发展服务；
These goals guide all of UNESCO’s action, to support governments and societies, to ensure every woman and man enjoys full and equal access to information that is essential for their rights, dignity and empowerment.
这些目标指引着教科文组织的所有行动，我们应该支持各国政府和社会，确保每一个男女都能充分且平等地享有获取信息权利，这对每个人的权利、尊严和自主自立来说都是至关重要的。
empowerment 授权；
This is UNESCO’s message on this inaugural International Day for Universal Access to Information.
这就是教科文组织在首个“国际普遍获取信息日”所要传递的讯息。
inaugural 〔演说〕就职的，〔活动〕开幕的，首次的；
文章整体难度不大，基本上没什么生词。但我们可以学习一下译文这种简练而又正式的问题风格。
自2009年以来，国家先后实施了两期人权行动计划。中国政府不断加大各项人权保障力度，人民生活水平和质量进一步提高，经济、社会和文化权利得到全面加强，公民权利和政治权利得到切实保障，全社会尊重和保障人权的意识明显提升，国际人权交流与合作不断发展，中国特色社会主义人权事业迈上新台阶。
China has implemented two national human rights action plans since 2009. As the government constantly enhances the protection of human rights, the people’s standard of living and quality of life have seen further improvement, their economic, social and cultural rights and interests have been strengthened, their civil rights and political rights have been guaranteed, the public’s consciousness of respecting and guaranteeing human rights has enhanced significantly, international human rights exchanges and cooperation have constantly developed, and the cause of socialist human rights with Chinese characteristics has moved up to a new level.
不断加大各项人权保障力度 constantly enhances the protection of human rights；
人民生活水平和质量进一步提高 people’s standard of living and quality of life have seen further improvement；
中国特色社会主义人权事业迈上新台阶 the cause of socialist human rights with Chinese characteristics has moved up to a new level；
但也应该看到，经济发展方式粗放，不平衡、不协调、不可持续的问题仍然突出，城乡区域发展差距仍然较大，与人民群众切身利益密切相关的医疗、教育、养老、食品药品安全、收入分配、环境等方面还有一些困难需要解决，人权保障的法治化水平仍需进一步提高，实现更高水平的人权保障目标尚需付出更多努力。
Nevertheless, we are keenly aware that problems, some of them serious, remain. China’s economic development pattern is still extensive, unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable. There is still a huge gap between urban and rural development. Difficulties need to be solved in such fields as health care, education, care for the aged, food and drug safety, income distribution and the environment – all of which are closely related to the people’s vital interests. The rule of law in safeguarding human rights needs to be further promoted and more efforts are required to realize higher levels of human rights protection.
经济发展方式粗放，不平衡、不协调、不可持续 China’s economic development pattern is still extensive, unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable；
城乡区域发展差距仍然较大 a huge gap between urban and rural development；
养老 care for the aged；
实现更高水平的人权保障目标 to realize higher levels of human rights protection；
这篇文章节选自《国家人权行动计划》，都是一些报告中很常见的说法，注意词汇灵活应用，擅用衔接词。