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ScalersTalk笔译专练小组第40周训练日志
笔译群是Scalerstalk旗下专攻笔译的训练组织，初步设定翻译量目标为十万字。群内活动主要包括周一到周五的每日一句和周末的周任务。如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请猛戳链接： 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（QQ：9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到Kevin或瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。以上三个群都不在的小伙伴，可先申请加入C群（群号：456036104，验证消息：ScalersTalk）。笔译训练小组目前50人，每两周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员，每进一位，便移除排在末尾的一位。
下面是笔译训练群的第四十周（2016.01.25—01.31）训练日志，共包括五个每日一句（英译汉，汉译英）和一个周训练（英译汉，汉译英），均包括原文，参考译文，词汇整理以及相关点评。材料主要来源于外刊，政府工作报告以及笔译教材。
The site is free for now. It promises to update the technology so that today’s iPhone video doesn’t become tomorrow’s Super 8 home movie when someone receives it in the future. In the event the company fails, Mr. Zur said, it will work to find people to let them download what they stored there.
目前该网站提供免费服务。网站承诺会更新技术，以保证未来某人收到信息时，iPhone视频到那时不会像超8家用录像带一样差。祖尔表示，如果公司倒闭了，他们会找到那些人，让他们下载储存在该网站的信息。
In the event 如果
“today’s iPhone video doesn’t become tomorrow’s Super 8 home movie”这句其实是很形象地说明技术会随时更新，不会过时。
看到fail，就觉得，英语这些小词用好了，真是到位。
发展质量有新的提升，一般公共预算收入增长8.6%，研究与试验发展经费支出与国内生产总值之比超过2%，能耗强度下降4.8%，是近年来最大降幅。
The quality of development was raised. Revenue in the general public budgets grew by 8.6%. Research and development spending accounted for more than 2% of the GDP. Energy intensity was cut by 4.8%, the biggest reduction made in recent years.
一般公共预算 general public budgets
研究与试验发展经费支出 Research and development spending
能耗强度 Energy intensity
能耗强度下降4.8%，是近年来最大降幅。中文第二句是对第一句的解释说明，因而译文采用同位语的形式来表现。
The pattern is clear at Astor School, a kindergarten through eighth-grade public school in a low-income part of Portland, Oregon. More than half the students are economically disadvantaged, and nearly half are minorities.
在俄勒冈州波特兰一个低收入地区，设有从幼儿园到八年级的亚斯特学校(Astor School)中便能明显地看到这一规律。该校过半数学生有经济困难，将近一半学生是少数族裔。
a kindergarten through eighth-grade public school 设有从幼儿园到八年级的学校
minority 少数，少数民族
我翻的话会把第一句拆开，“亚斯特学校位于俄勒冈州波特兰的一个低收入地区，设有幼儿园到八年级几个年级，在这里便能明显地看到这一规律。”
加大行政监察和审计监督力度，推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争，严肃查处违纪违法案件，一批腐败分子得到应有惩处。
Administrative supervision and auditing oversight have been intensified; efforts have been stepped up to improve Party conduct, build a clean government, and fight corruption; and we have investigated and prosecuted violations of the law and discipline, bringing many offenders to justice.
行政监察administrative supervision
审计监督auditing oversight
推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争step up efforts to improve Party conduct, build a clean government and fight corruption
严肃查处违纪违法案件investigate and prosecute violations of the law and discipline
一批腐败分子得到应有惩处bring many offenders to justice
原文是无主语句，不能直接转化成英文，所以采用被动语态。这是英语的一种表达习惯。同时避免通篇使用主语"we"，以免句式过于单一。
HONG KONG — Over the past year, A2, an Australian milk company, made an unexpected discovery: A sharp increase in domestic sales came courtesy of Chinese bulk buyers, not Australian mothers.
香港——澳大利亚牛奶公司A2在过去的一年里有一个意想不到的发现：国内销售额的大幅增长归功于中国的大宗购买者，而不是澳大利亚的母亲。
courtesy of 蒙……好意，由……提供
bulk buyers大宗购买者
第一眼看到“澳大利亚的母亲”看蒙了，是不是改成“澳大利亚的妈妈们”好一点？
今年是“十二五”收官之年，我们要在完成“十二五”经济社会发展主要目标任务的同时，以改革的精神、创新的理念和科学的方法，做好“十三五”规划纲要编制工作，谋划好未来五年的发展蓝图。
This year is the final year for completing the 12th Five-Year Plan. As we strive to accomplish the tasks and objectives for economic and social development set forth in this plan, we need to formulate the 13th Five-Year Plan, bringing to this work the spirit of reform and innovation and adopting a scientific approach.
十二五” the 12th Five-Year Plan
收官之年 the final year
以改革的精神、创新的理念和科学的方法 bring to this work the spirit of reform and innovation and adopt a scientific approach
做好“十三五”规划纲要编制工作formulate the 13th Five-Year Plan
“做好‘十三五’规划纲要编制工作”与“谋划好未来五年的发展蓝图”同指，只需译一个。翻译时，对于同义反复的成分要善于取舍。
But they also agreed that fish in well-managed areas, including the United States, were recovering or doing well. They wrote that management techniques like closing some areas to fishing, restricting the use of certain fishing gear or allocating shares of the catch to individual fishermen, communities or others could allow depleted fish stocks to rebound.
但是，两大阵营也一致认为，在美国等渔业管理比较完善的地区，鱼类资源正逐步恢复或保持稳定。科学家们在研究报告中写到，在一些地区实施休渔政策、限制使用某些渔具、对个体渔民、社区等有关各方合理分配捕鱼量等一些管理政策将有助于面临枯竭的鱼类资源逐步得到恢复。
fishing gear 钓鱼用具，打捞用具
depleted 耗尽的，衰竭的
英语中的小词反而比较难翻，比如doing well，要根据语境进行处理。
中国的控烟禁烟工作开展的比较晚，但通过立法来实施公共场所无烟化已是大势所趋，并得到社会和公众的共识。目前，一些少数省市从行政法规的角度提出控烟和禁烟的规定。
As a late-starter in tobacco control endeavors, China is already seeing a defining trend of and growing consensus on building smoking-free public space by virtue of legislation. At this point, a few provincial and municipal governments have developed administrative regulations on tobacco control.
……开展得比较晚 a late-starter in
大势所趋 see a defining trend of
通过立法来实施公共场所无烟化 build smoking-free public space by virtue of legislation
by virtue of 借助
成语的翻译对大部分人来说是个考验，平时要多看多记。
This will help you balance a realistic and credible threat with information that is sensationalized, Dr. Albano said, “or a rush to report something or talk about something that doesn’t have the impact that you would think it has.”
这将有助于你在真实可信的威胁与耸人听闻的消息之间找到平衡，阿尔巴诺博士说，“不至于迫不及待地去报告或者谈论一些你以为会造成重大影响但其实并没有那么严重的东西。”
realistic 现实（主义）的，逼真的
sensationalized 耸人听闻的
参考译文看起来好累，or a rush应该是和information并列的，report翻成报告也有待商榷。
着力促进创业就业。坚持就业优先，以创业带动就业。今年高校毕业生749万人，为历史最高。要加强就业指导和创业教育，落实高校毕业生就业促进计划，鼓励到基层就业。
We will work hard to promote business development and increase employment. We will continue to give top priority to employment and the creation of jobs by encouraging entrepreneurship. This year, the number of college graduates will reach 7.49 million, a record high. We need to strengthen employment guidance and education on starting up in business; implement the plan to help college graduates find jobs and encourage them to look to the community level to find employment.
着力促进创业就业 work hard to promote business development and increase employment
坚持就业优先，以创业带动就业 continue to give top priority to employment and the creation of jobs by encouraging entrepreneurship
历史最高 reach a record high
加强就业指导和创业教育strengthen employment guidance and education on starting up in business
鼓励到基层就业 encourage them to look to the community level to find employment
优先“give priority to”, 带动用“encourage”。中文比较难懂抽象的词都可以在英文中找到简单易懂符合人们思维习惯的词语表达。
As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase “environmental law” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from many lawyers. Such issues as clean air, pure water and freedom from noise pollution were not important public concerns. There were, of course, numerous state and some federal laws intended to protect America’s rivers and streams from excessive industrial pollution and to guard wildlife from the depredations of man. But these regulations were generally ignored. With enforcement power dispersed among many federal, state and local agencies, most of which were seriously undermanned, and with noncompliance penalties so slight as to have little more than harassment value, there were few incentives to obey the laws. Indeed, many environmental statutes were so little publicized and so vaguely worded that their existence was scarcely understood.
早在六十年代初，甚至连许多律师接触到“环保法”这个词儿，大半也只会感到纳闷而已。当时，诸如空气清新、水质洁净、无噪声污染之类的问题，都不是公众怎么了解的关切所在。当然，已经有了许多州法和一些联邦法，其立法意图是保护美国的江河，使之免受过分的工业污染并保护野生动物不受人类的掠夺。可是对这些规定，人们一般都置之不理。由于执法的权力分散在许许多多的联邦、州和地方等三级机关，而这些机关大多人手严重不足，也由于因违法而科处的罚款微不足道，只有恼人心烦的意义，人们就缺乏服从法律的劲头了。说真的，许多环境法的宣传工作之薄弱与措辞之含糊，使人简直不知道有环境法，而环境法的意义也就无人了解了。
a puzzle look: a look on one's face that shows one is puzzled；
freedom from noise pollution: the fact that there is no noise pollution；
public concern: worries of people in general；
state laws: laws passed by the state；
excessive industrial pollution 过分的工业污染；
depredation 掠夺；
disperse 分散；
undermanned 人手不足的，编制不足的；
noncompliance 不服从，违犯；
vaguely 不详细地，含糊地；
scarcely 缺乏地，不足地；
Then, in 1962, came a book called Silent Spring by Rachel Carson. A powerful indictment of America’s disregard of ecology, Silent Spring was aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides, especially DDT. In 1965 a court action took place that ranks in environmental importance with the publication of Silent Spring. That was the revealed by a court of appeals of a Federal Power Commission decision to grant a license for a Consolidated Edison power plant at Storn King Mountain on the Hudson River in New York. The court ordered new proceedings that were to “include as a basic concern the preservation of natural beauty and of national historic shrines.”
不久以后，在1962年雷切尔•卡森所著、名为《沉默的春天》一书问世了。《沉默的春天》有力地控诉了美国之忽视生态，它主要针对大规模使用农药——特别是滴滴涕。1965年又发生了一件诉讼，其对环境之重要意义，不亚于《沉默的春天》之出版：某上诉法院驳回了联邦电力委员会关于向纽约哈德逊河畔多姆金山爱迪生联合发电厂颁发许可的决定。该法院命重新审理该案并“以保护自然美和历史名胜为基本注意事项”。
powerful indictment 有力的控诉；
disregard 不理会，漠视；
the wholesale use of chemical pesticides 大规模使用农药；
grant a license 颁发许可证；
shrine 圣地，具有重要意义的地方；
本周材料为法律类题材，译文很多地方读起来有些别扭，很精简，可能这就是这位译者的行文风格吧。
海洋覆盖了地球表面的71%，是全球生命支持系统的一个基本组成部分，也是资源的宝库，环境的重要调节器。人类社会的发展必然会越来越多地依赖海洋。
The ocean, which covers 71 percent of the global surface, is a basic component of the global life supporting system. It is also a treasure house of resources and an important regulator of the environment. It is inevitable that the development of human society will come to depend more and more on the ocean.
覆盖 cover；
组成部分 component；
调节器 regulator；
必然的 inevitable；
即将到来的二十一世纪是人类开发利用海洋的新世纪。维护《联合国海洋法公约》确定的国际海洋法律原则，维护海洋健康，保护海洋环境，确保海洋资源的可持续利用和海上安全，已成为人类共同遵守的准则和共同担负的使命。
The 21st Century is a new century for human to explore and utilize the ocean.Upholding the law principles of the international marine as defined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, maintaining the health of the ocean, protecting the marine environment and guaranteeing the sustainable utilization of marine resources and maritime safety have become the common norm for all human beings to abide by, and the collective mission for all mankind to undertake.
开发利用 explore and utilize；
维护 uphold；
公约 convention；
海上安全maritime safety；
遵守 abide by；
共同的准则 common norm；
担负共同的使命 undertake collective mission；
中国是一个发展中的沿海大国。中国高度重视海洋的开发和保护，把发展海洋事业作为国家发展战略，加强海洋综合管理，不断完善海洋法律制度，积极发展海洋科学技术和教育。中国积极参与联合国系统的海洋事务，推进国家间和地区性海洋领域的合作，并认真履行自己承担的义务，为全球海洋开发和保护事业作出了积极贡献。
As a major developing costal country, China pays high attention to the exploration and protection of the ocean and takes the development of the sea as a national developing strategy. It also makes its own efforts in strengthening the comprehensive management of the ocean, improving the legal system of the ocean unceasingly and playing an active role in developing the oceanic science technology and education. In addition, China takes an active role in the oceanic affairs of the United Nations’ system and advances the cooperation about oceanic field between countries as well as regions, and also sincerely fulfills its own commitment and makes positive contributions to the exploration and protection of the global ocean.
高度重视 pays high attention；
国家发展战略 a national developing strategy；
加强海洋综合管理 strengthen the comprehensive management of the ocean；
不断 unceasingly；
海洋事务 oceanic affairs；
履行义务 fulfills its own commitment；
1998年是联合国确定的国际海洋年，中国政府愿借此机会介绍中国海洋事业的发展情况。
The year of 1998 has been designated by the United Nations as International Ocean Year, and on this occasion the Chinese Government would like to introduce the progress of China’s work in this field.
确定 designate；
借此机会 on this occasion；
marine: connected with the sea and the creatures and plants that live there; maritime: connected with the sea or ships从英文解释来看还是能发现两个词之间的一点差别的。