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笔译群是ScalersTalk旗下专攻笔译的训练组织，如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请猛戳链接： 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。
注：笔译小组只接受邮件申请，请勿QQ留言，凡是以其他方式提交任务的，均不会回复或者响应。收到邮件后3天左右回复。
以上三个群都不在的小伙伴，可先申请加入C群（群号：456036104，验证消息：ScalersTalk）。笔译训练小组每周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员。
下面是笔译训练群的第六十四周（2016.07.11-2016.07.17）训练日志。
SUN cream is a fickle friend. It protects against burn-inducing ultraviolet (UV) light, but only for a period. And the first most people know of when that period is up is the sickening sensation that their skin is starting to catch fire—by which time it is too late to act. But Justin Gooding of the University of New South Wales, in Sydney, Australia, now thinks he has a solution for those who might otherwise risk overdoing it on Bondi Beach: a stick-on UV sensor that can be tuned to give warning when a new slap of protection would be advisable.
防晒霜就是个不靠谱的朋友，它虽能抵挡灼人的紫外线，但也只能维持一小段时间。等防晒霜失效时，大多数人首先会感到极其难受，皮肤就像要着火一样，而这个时候再采取任何行动都为时已晚。但是澳大利亚悉尼新南威尔士大学的贾斯汀•古丁目前认为，对于那些可能会在邦迪海滩晒伤的人，他有一个应对的法子：可以将一个紫外线传感器贴在身上，等需要新一轮防晒措施时，这个传感器便可以示警。
fickle 易变的，无常的
sickening 令人厌恶的，感觉不妙的
sensation 感觉，知觉
overdo 做得过分；过多使用
sensor 传感器
个人感觉第三句是一个难点，语序的调整，以及断句和增词，都需要注意。另外“overdo it”也是易理解错的地方，从上下文可以看出，此处应该是指“防晒霜失效而不自知”，而不是“过度使用防晒霜”。
人民生活进一步改善。全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长7.4%，快于经济增速。去年末居民储蓄存款余额增长8.5%，新增4万多亿元。又解决6434万农村人口饮水安全问题。扶贫攻坚力度加大，农村贫困人口减少1442万人。
Living standards improved. Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy. By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan. In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.
居民人均可支配收入 personal per capita disposable income
储蓄存款 savings deposit
快于经济增速 overtaking the growth rate of the economy
饮水安全 access to safe drinking water
汉译英时，能够减少中文的动词也是翻译功力的体现。比如“快于经济增速”和“新增4万多亿元”处理成名词结构补充说明，而不必另起一句。再如将“扶贫攻坚力度加大，农村贫困人口减少1442万人”改写成“加大的扶贫力度使农村贫困人口减少1442万人”，就会比分译成两句紧凑很多。
Dr Gooding’s invention, described in this month’s ACS Sensors, is based on titanium oxide. This is a compound well known to shed high-energy electrons if hit by UV. When those electrons interact with water and molecular oxygen, they generate reactive groups of atoms called free-radicals. Dr Gooding suspected that these radicals could be used to trigger changes in the sorts of dyes employed to colour food.
本月的ACS Sensors介绍了古丁博士的这一发明，其基础材料是氧化钛。众所周知，该化合物经紫外线照射会释放出高能电子。当这些电子与水和分子氧接触时，就会产生被称为自由基的活性原子组。古丁博士怀疑这些自由基可以用来引发食品染色剂内部的变化。
titanium oxide 氧化钛
molecular oxygen 分子氧
free-radical 自由基
dye 染料，染色剂
suspect, suggest, assume等词引导观点时，尤其在科技类文章中，可译为“认为”，避免翻译为原意过于生硬。个人还是很认可这种处理方式的。
以微观活力支撑宏观稳定，以供给创新带动需求扩大，以结构调整促进总量平衡，确保经济运行在合理区间。
We will improve micro-level vitality to underpin macroeconomic stability, explore new ways of achieving supply to boost demand, and balance total supply and demand through structural adjustments to ensure the economy performs within an appropriate range.
微观活力 micro-level vitality
宏观稳定 macroeconomic stability
运行在合理区间 perform within an appropriate range
翻译之前要理解清楚原文。我在练习时就忽略了“促进总量平衡”具体是指什么，参照译文再联系前文才知道是指供需平衡，翻译时要将其补充说明。
To test this idea, he and his colleagues filled the cartridges of an inkjet printer with a series of solutions consisting of three ingredients. One was titanium dioxide. The second was one of several food dyes, including lemon yellow and sunset yellow, green and blue. The third was polyvinylpyrrolidone, a substance which bound the other two components together to form a suitable “ink” for printing. The researchers then sprayed this ink onto sheets of paper, put those sheets under a lamp that mimicked the sun’s output, UV and all, and waited to see what happened. As a control, they put similar sheets under the lamp when it was masked with a filter that intercepted the UV part of its output.
为验证这一想法，古丁博士连同其同事将他们调制的一整套溶液填充在喷墨式打印机的墨盒里。该溶液由三种配料制成，其中一种是二氧化钛，第二种是从柠檬黄、日落黄、绿色和蓝色这几种食品染色剂中选其一，第三种是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）。该物质能将前两种成分混合在一起，形成一种适用于打印的“油墨”。研究人员又将这种油墨喷洒在几张纸上，之后将这些纸放在灯下，以模仿太阳光线、紫外线及其他成分，然后静待观察。作为对照，他们还将类似的纸张放在罩有过滤器的照射灯下，以阻挡太阳光中的紫外线。
cartridge 墨盒
inkjet printer 喷墨打印机
solution 溶液
titanium dioxide 二氧化钛
polyvinylpyrrolidone 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）
sheet 可用作量词，一张，一片
mimic 模仿（注意过去式的写法，以及picnic，panic）
control 对照标准
filter 过滤器
intercept 阻挡，拦截
科技文章中术语永远是难点，然而生词并不怕，查清楚就好，怕的是一些熟词有了僻义，一时不察就会犯错且不自知，这一段中solution和control就是很好的例子。小伙伴你中枪了吗？
实施更加积极的进口政策，扩大先进技术、关键设备、重要零部件等进口。
We will adopt a more active import policy to increase the import of advanced technology, key equipment, and important parts and components.
重要零部件 important parts and components
要明确这句话的逻辑关系，实施更加积极的进口政策是为了扩大先进技术等的进口，所以前后用to连接。
To start with, they tried tinkering with the mixture of ingredients in the ink. This worked, but only to a point. The maximum by which such tinkering could delay the colour change was half an hour. Given that strong sun creams and darkly pigmented skin delay burn times by up to five hours, the researchers realised that they needed a different approach if they were going to create a useful product. They therefore started experimenting with cheap, non-toxic UV-filtering films of various opacities, and found that the strongest of these could delay the sensor’s colour change by 9½ hours—nearly twice what was needed.
首先，他们试着稍微改动了油墨中的混合材料。这一方法倒是起作用了，但是收效甚微。这种改动最多只能将变色时间推迟半小时。考虑到强效防晒霜和深色皮肤可以将灼伤时间推迟多达5小时，研究人员意识到如果要制造出真正有效果的产品，就需要采取不同的方法。因此，他们开始借助于不同透光程度的低成本无毒紫外线过滤胶片进行实验，发现这些胶片中最强的一款可以将传感器的变色时间推迟9.5小时，这几乎是目的效果的两倍。
tinker 小修补，小修理
pigmented 天然的，本色的（尤指皮肤）
film 胶片，底片
opacity 不透明性
这段话单词查明白以后，感觉理解上还是没什么困难的。最主要的是译文要流畅，中文要像中文才好。
建立财政转移支付与市民化挂钩机制，合理分担农民工市民化成本。
We will link the transfer payments of cities to their performance in granting urban residency to eligible migrant workers and find suitable ways to share the cost of ensuring migrant workers can become urban citizens.
市民化 granting urban residency to eligible migrant workers
挂钩 link A to B
分担成本 share the cost
首先要理解市民化的含义，即农民工具备城市市民资格。另外要注意grant sth to sb这个用法，可以试着用在写作中。
As a result, it is possible to work out, for any combination of skin tone and sun-cream protection factor (from ten to 50), what strength of filter is required to cause a particular colour change to happen sufficiently in advance of a burn beginning to form to provide useful warning. The colour change is gradual, so in a commercial product a reference strip showing the warning colour would need to be included in the sensor, to let the wearer calibrate what was going on. That done, though, the upshot would be something that could safely and easily be stuck onto the skin like a plaster, and could be printed in huge volumes at little cost. After use it would leave behind a sensor-shaped patch of light-coloured skin. But that is probably better than the look of lobster thermidor.
因此，对于任何一种肤色和不同防晒指数的防晒霜（10-50）的组合，都可以找出相对应的过滤强度，以引起特定的颜色变化，在晒伤之前就能提供警告信息。这种颜色变化是缓慢的，所以对于一种商业产品来说，需要在传感器中加入一个指示条来提供警示的颜色变化，这样穿戴者就可以对皮肤状况了如指掌了。如此一来，便可以制造出一种可以像创可贴一样贴在皮肤上的贴片，这种产品不仅黏贴简单安全，而且能以低成本大批量生产。不过，使用过后，用户身上会显露出一块传感器形状的浅色皮肤。但是，这应该也比法式焗酿龙虾的颜色好看多了。
tone 色调，明暗
calibrate 校准，校正
upshot 最后结果（outcome的近义词，但是看起来高大上很多）
plaster 创可贴（联系一下Band-Aid）
lobster thermidor 法式焗酿龙虾
英语多长句，汉语多短句。第一句很长，翻译时要先断句，断句多在介词，连词，关系词，分词处。for any combination of skin tone and sun-cream protection factor可看做插入语，提前翻译。
为农村留守儿童、妇女、老人提供关爱服务，建立未成年人社会保护制度,切实保障妇女儿童权益。提高公共突发事件防范处置和防灾救灾减灾能力。做好地震、气象、测绘、地质等工作。
We will provide support and services for children, women, and older people who remain in rural areas while their family members move to work in urban areas, establish a system of social protection for minors, and safeguard the rights and interests of women and children. We will improve our ability to prevent and handle public emergencies and to prevent, respond to, and mitigate disasters. We will ensure that work in seismology, meteorology, surveying, mapping, and geology is all carried out to good effect.
未成年人 minors
减灾 mitigate disasters
地震 seismology（学科术语，与earthquake不同）
气象 meteorology
“留守儿童”翻译成the left-behind children似乎也很常见。
A planned technology museum in Maine grew out of the curiosity of a 10-year-old.
美国缅因州，一个10岁男孩收藏的珍品促成了一座科技博物馆的诞生。（译者注：curiosity在此是“珍品”之意，an unusual and interesting thing）
curiosity 珍品
In 2010, Alex Jason traded a minibike and an electric snow blower for an iMac G5 computer, in what turned out to be the start of a giant collection of vintage computer equipment, including 200 Apple machines. It is one of only a few dozen collections of its size and kind in the country.
2010年，亚历克斯•贾森（Alex Jason）用一辆轻型机车和一台电动吹雪机换了一台苹果iMacG5，这开启了他的古董电脑收藏之路。如今他的藏品数量庞大，光苹果机就有200件。从收藏量级和品类来看，全国只有少数人能与之媲美。
vintage 老式的，古老的
Alex, now 15, along with his father, Bill Jason, are planning to display the collection, known as Alex’s Apple Orchard, in a converted library in Fairfield, Me., soon to be the Maine Technology Museum.
亚历克斯今年15岁，他和爸爸比尔•贾森（Bill Jason）计划举办一场藏品展来展示他收藏的所有Apple电子产品，这场名为“亚历克斯的苹果园”的藏品展将在缅因州费尔菲尔德的一座图书馆进行，而不久之后这座图书馆将被改造成缅因州科技博物馆（Maine Technology Museum）。
orchard 果园
convert 改变，转变
Maine Technology Museum 缅因州科技博物馆
Among Alex’s pieces is a rare Apple I from 1976 that still works and has the original chips. Fewer than 70 of these models are believed to remain, with one selling for more than $900,000 at an auction in 2014.
亚历克斯的藏品中有一台珍贵的Apple I（苹果1号）。这台产于1976年的初代苹果电脑到现在还能够运行，配备的还是原装芯片。算上2014年的一次拍卖会上以90多万美元成交的那台在内，这个型号的电脑全世界也只剩不到70台。
auction 拍卖会
Other prized artifacts include an Apple Lisa 2/5, named for the daughter of Apple co-founder Steve P. Jobs; the first prototype of a mouse, known as the Cursor III; and a Powerbook 100, which is considered to be the first modern laptop. Alex said he has not put an assessed value on his entire collection. “To me, it’s priceless,” he said.
珍贵的展品比比皆是，有以苹果公司联合创始人乔布斯的女儿命名的Apple Lisa 2/5，第一款鼠标Cursor III，还有被视为第一台现代笔记本的Power book 100。亚历克斯表示，他不会对任何一件藏品进行估值，“对我而言，它们是无价的。”他说道。
prototype 原型，雏形（proto-用于构成名词和形容词）
priceless 无价的，极珍贵的（注意区分priceless, valueless与invaluable）
The modest beginnings of Alex’s project recall the humble start of Apple itself, which was founded by Mr. Jobs and his high school friend Stephen Wozniak in a suburban California garage in 1976. Alex said his first breakthrough was buying a collection of 50 Apple computers — enough to fill a 26-foot-long U-Haul — with $2,000 he had saved from mowing lawns.
亚历克斯的收藏伊始平平无奇，让人想起苹果公司寂寂无名的草创时期。1976年，乔布斯和他的高中同学斯蒂夫•沃兹尼亚克，在加州郊外的一间车库里创办了苹果公司。 亚历克斯称他收藏之路的第一个重大突破是用修剪草坪攒下来的2000美元一口气购买了50台苹果电脑，这些电脑足以塞满一辆26英尺长的U-Haul 大卡车。
humble 谦逊的，朴实的
mow 割，修剪
He has since acquired computers from other collectors and from eBay and carefully displayed some of them in the basement of the family’s home in a town about 20 miles north of Augusta, Me. Apple memorabilia, such as a giant rainbow-colored logo and schematics of a motherboard, decorate the walls.
自那以后，他开始从其他收藏家那儿或是在eBay上购买电脑，并将一部分藏品精心陈列在家中的地下室里。他的家在奥古斯塔市以北大约20公里的一个小镇上。亚历克斯用苹果公司的纪念品装饰地下室的墙面，比如巨大的七彩苹果标志和各种电脑主板图。
memorabilia 收藏品，纪念品（注意这是一个复数名词）
schematics 图解，结构图
motherboard 主板
Bill Jason is spearheading the effort to convert the Carnegie Library on the campus of Good Will-Hinckley, a charitable organization, into a museum that would open in January 2017. Aside from housing Alex’s collection, the Maine Technology Museum would be dedicated to interactive exhibits about renewable energy, engineering, computers, space exploration and virtual reality, Mr. Jason said.
比尔•贾森带头负责把慈善组织Good Will-Hinckley园区里的卡内基图书馆改建成博物馆，开馆时间预计在2017年的一月份。比尔•贾森称，除了收藏亚历克斯的藏品，缅因州科技博物馆还将致力于举办可再生能源、工程类、计算机类、太空探索以及虚拟现实方面的互动展览。
spearhead 带头做，做先锋
interactive 互动的
virtual reality 虚拟现实
Alex described himself as a longtime tinkerer who studied how tractors worked at the John Deere dealership, explored the innards of computers and once rigged a plastic pipe to a garbage bin to get rid of crumpled papers and crumbs from his desk. He was inspired to pursue Apple computers after he upgraded the hard drive and RAM on his first computer, the iMac G5, on his own.
亚历克斯形容自己是一个喜欢捣鼓的老工匠。他在约翰迪尔公司（John Deere）钻研过拖拉机的工作原理，也探索过计算机的内部构造，还为垃圾箱安过一根塑料管，以便清理桌上的纸团和食物碎渣。亚历克斯还自行升级了他的首台电脑iMac G5的硬盘和内存，并因此倍受鼓舞，踏上了苹果电脑的追求之路。
dealership 专项商品经销店
innards 内部结构
crumpled 皱巴巴的
hard drive 硬盘
Adam Rosen, who maintains the Vintage Mac Museum from his home in Boston, estimated that there are several dozen large private collections of Apple computers in the country. The planned museum in Maine would be one of the few public exhibits of Apple computers, along with others in Georgia, California and Washington, he said. Mr. Rosen said Apple has not opened a museum of its own and he knew of only two museums — in Prague and Savona, Italy — that are solely dedicated to its computers. Stanford University Library, located in the heart in Silicon Valley, has a large collection of the company’s records, which Apple donated in 1998. Apple did not respond to an email seeking comment for this article.
亚当•罗森（Adam Rosen）在波士顿的家中也开了一家古董苹果电脑的博物馆（ Vintage Mac Museum）。他估计美国有几十家大型的苹果电脑私人收藏馆。而在筹备中的缅因州科技博物馆则是为数不多的苹果电脑公共展馆之一，另外几家分别在佐治亚州、加州和华盛顿州。 罗森说苹果公司并没有开设自己的博物馆。就他所知，仅布拉格和意大利萨沃纳有两家博物馆专门展出苹果电脑。位于硅谷中心的斯坦福大学图书馆（Stanford University Library）藏有大量苹果公司相关的档案资料，这些资料由苹果于1998年捐赠。而苹果公司并未对请求评论本文的邮件作出回复。
Prague 布拉格（捷克首都及最大城市）
solely 仅，只，单独地
Alex said he has been drawn to the design, durability and efficiency of Apple products. On Saturday he was looking for so-called Easter eggs, or surprises hidden by software programmers, on Macintosh SE models that reveal a slide show of the company’s development team. Perhaps surprisingly, Alex said he does not use an Apple, relying instead on a custom-built computer to play games and edit videos. Still, he said, “in my heart, Mac will always be better.”
亚历克斯认为，苹果产品的迷人之处在于其设计精湛、耐用性强加上运行速度快。周六的时候，他还在寻找Macintosh SE电脑里的“复活节彩蛋”（所谓彩蛋其实就是软件程序员们藏在电脑中的惊喜），该型号电脑中藏有一张苹果公司研发团队的照片。 然而，出人意料的是，亚历克斯说他并不使用苹果机。而是用自己组装的电脑玩游戏或者是剪视频。但他仍表示，“在我心里，苹果电脑永远是最好的。”
durability 耐用性
custom-built 定制的
这篇文章整体难度适中，但是一些句子翻译起来还是有困难的。开篇的curiosity就是一个障碍，大家的第一反应想必都是“好奇心”，但是读上几段之后就会发现这篇文章跟孩子的好奇心没什么关系，而是讲的一个男孩收藏的苹果电脑。这就提醒我们要读几段文章，建立起一定的上下文情境之后再着手翻译。句子的断句和语序的调整永远是翻译的重难点之一。以及增译法的运用，比如倒数第二段“Alex said he has been drawn to the design, durability and efficiency of Apple products”一句中，苹果产品的迷人之处必然是优势，因此design, durability and efficiency要增译为“设计精湛、耐用性强且运行速度快”才更为准确。
毋庸讳言，作为历史文化、社会制度、价值理念迥异和发展水平不同的两个大国，彼此关系在发展过程中也会出现这样那样的分歧和问题。这十分正常，关键是要增进坦诚深入的战略性沟通，以建设性的态度处理和管控好有关分歧，甚至超越分歧，聚焦合作，发展合作。南海问题就是这样一个问题。
China and the US are two major countries with very different histories, cultures, social systems and values and at different levels of development. As such, it is only natural that they would encounter differences and challenges in their relations. What’s important is to increase strategic communication in a candid way and handle and manage differences in a constructive manner. Furthermore, we should endeavor to transcend differences by focusing on and expanding cooperation. The South China Sea could well have been an example of this approach.
坦诚深入的战略性沟通 strategic communication in a candid way
超越分歧 endeavor to transcend differences
近一段时间来，本来一向比较平静的南海变得不平静了，南海热起来了，甚至到了很不寻常的地步。引起国际社会广泛关注。真相究竟如何？我注意到，大多数关于南海问题的报道和评论仅从特定角度截取一个静态片段。未能展示南海问题的全貌。我想，研究一个国际热点问题，需要实事求是，充分考虑有关国际背景、厘清来龙去脉，并关注有关当事方往来互动，这样才能看到全貌，弄清是非，得出正确结论。本着这一方法，我想重点谈一下南海问题的历史经纬、中国的南海政策，并且探讨如何从中美关系的视角看待和把握南海问题，以利南海的温度真正降下来，恢复它往日的平静。
For a period of time, the South China Sea which used to be a rather quiet place has become not so quiet. The situation there has heated up to a quite unusual degree, drawing extensive international attention. What has really happened there? I noticed that reports and comments on this issue tend to take a static view from a certain angle, and thus have not shown the full picture of the South China Sea issue. In my view, to study an international hotspot issue, it is necessary to seek truth from facts by fully considering the relevant international background, tracing the historical development, and thoroughly reviewing how the concerned parties have interacted on this issue. Only in this way can one see the whole picture, tell right from wrong and draw the right conclusion. In this vein, I would like to focus my speech on the historical facts of the South China Sea issue and China’s policy on this issue. And I will endeavor to view and handle the South China Sea issue from the perspective of China-US relations and explore ways to genuinely cool down this issue and restore calm to this part of the world.
南海热起来了，甚至到了很不寻常的地步 The situation there has heated up to a quite unusual degree
截取一个静态片段 to take a static view
展示全貌 show the full picture
厘清来龙去脉 tracing the historical development
看到全貌 see the whole picture（“把握全局”也可以这么说）
汉语多短句，汉译英时要将零散的中文通过增加逻辑词转化为紧凑的英文长句。另外遇到中国风的表达时，比如“来龙去脉”，要注意去其形象，把握本质含义即可。