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笔译群是ScalersTalk旗下专攻笔译的训练组织，初步设定翻译量目标为十万字。群内活动主要包括周一到周五的每日一句和周末的周任务。如果你想提高笔译水平，找到志同道合的小伙伴，请猛戳链接： 完成任务后请在A群、B群或C群找到Kevin（QQ：9797#####）或瑶瑶（3674#####）以word文档的形式发送到Kevin或瑶瑶的QQ邮箱，通过审核小组审核后便可进群。以上三个群都不在的小伙伴，可先申请加入C群（群号：456036104，验证消息：ScalersTalk）。笔译训练小组目前50人，每两周清退一次不积极参加训练的组员，每进一位，便移除排在末尾的一位。
下面是笔译训练群的第二十四周（2015.10.05—10.11）训练日志，共包括五个每日一句（英译汉，汉译英）和一个周训练（英译汉，汉译英），均包括原文，参考译文，词汇整理以及相关点评。材料主要来源于外刊，政府工作报告以及笔译教材。
Some parts of western Denmark derive 100 percent of their peak needs from wind if the breeze is up. Germany and Spain generate more power in absolute terms, but in those countries wind still accounts for a far smaller proportion of the electricity generated. The average for all 27 European Union countries is 3 percent.
如果风力理想的话，丹麦西部一些地区用电高峰期的所有电力供应都来自风力发电。就风力绝对发电量而言，德国和都超过了丹麦，但是风力发电量在这两国发电总量中所占的比重比丹麦小的多。欧盟27国中风力发电所占比重平均为3%。
derive sth from sth (从…中)得到，获得: He derived great pleasure from painting. 他从绘画中得到极大的乐趣。
breeze 微风：a sea breeze海风；
generate power发电；
account for 占比；
in absolute terms 就风力绝对发电量而言；
这段话不难，发电注意要用generate；in absolute terms这里涉及到了一点专业术语可能不太好处理。
母亲当时已经双目失明，信是让别人代写的，内容千篇一律的干枯，邮票却是母亲自己摸索着贴上去的，她贴了一叠信封，随用随取，为的是不给别人添麻烦。
Back then mother lost all her sight and had to turn to ghostwriters. As such, letters from her were invariably cut and dried, but were stamped by mother herself. Blind as she was, she groped for the right corner to put a stamp on. She typically got a pile of envelopes stamped all at once simply to save trouble for her helpers.
双目失明 lost all one's sight；
ghostwriter代人写作者；代笔者；
内容千篇一律的干枯 be invariably cut and dried；
摸索 grope for；
一碟信封 a pile of envelopes；
不给别人添麻烦 save trouble for her helpers；
“双目失明”、“千篇一律”这些词汇看起来好难，看了参考译文又觉得很简单可自己做的时候又想不到。
PANAMA CITY: Voters were expected Sunday to approve the largest modernization project in the 92-year history of the Panama Canal, a $5.25 billion plan to expand the waterway to allow for larger ships while alleviating traffic problems.
The government of President Martín Torrijos has billed the referendum as historic, saying the work would double the capacity of a canal already on pace to generate about $1.4 billion in revenue this year. Critics claim the expansion would benefit the canal's customers more than Panamanians, and worry that costs could balloon, forcing this debt-ridden country to borrow even more.
巴拿马市：巴拿马周日将就巴拿马运河改造计划举行全民公投，这将是巴拿马运河开通 92 年以来最大规模的一次改造，项目预计斥资 52.5 亿美元，旨在缓解交通压力的同时，扩宽航道，提高可通行船舶吨位。 巴拿马总统马丁•托里霍斯（Martin Torrijos）称此次公投具有重要历史意义。今年巴拿马运河将创收约 14 亿美元，托里霍斯政府称改造后运河的通行能力有望翻番。而批评人士则称，运河扩建的主要受益者将是运河使用者而非巴拿马人民，同时，运河扩建成本将会激增，迫使早已债台高筑的巴拿马进一步举债。
Panama Canal 巴拿马运河；
expand the waterway 扩宽航道；
allow for larger ship 提高可通行船舶吨位；
alleviate traffic problems 缓解交通压力；
referendum 公投；
bill sb. / sth as sth 把(某人或事物)宣传为…；
Panamanian 巴拿马人；
balloon (v.) to suddenly become larger in amount 突然增加，激增: The company's debt has ballooned in the past year.
the debt-ridden country 债台高筑的国家；
modernization project只是简单的处理成“改造”我觉得不妥，我认为还是翻译为“现代化项目”比较准确；
generate昨天的用法是generate power发电，今天又来了generate revenue 创造收入；
矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。中国是世界上最早开发利用矿产资源的国家之一。 过去 50 年，中国在矿产资源勘探开发方面取得巨大成就。这为中国经济的持续、快速、健康发展提供了重要保障。
Mineral resources are an important part of natural resources and an important material foundation for the development of human society. China is one of the first countries in the world to develop and utilize resources.
Over the past five decades, China has made great achievements in the survey and development of its mineral resources. This has provided an important guarantee for the sustained, rapid and sound development of the Chinese economy.
矿产资源 mineral resources；
自然资源 natural resources；
重要物质基础 an important material foundation；
开发利用 develop and utilize；
取得巨大成就 make great achievements；
提供了重要保障 provide an important guarantee；
持续、快速、健康发展 the sustained, rapid and sound development；
这段没啥难度，都是固定的说法。
Agricultural scientists have also looked at controlling fruit flies with parasitic wasps. But the most common ones kill off only about one fly in 20, leaving plenty of survivors to go on the rampage. Lethal traps baited with fly-attracting pheromones are another option. But they, too, are expensive. Instead, most farmers simply harvest their fruit early, when it is not yet fully ripe. This makes it less vulnerable to the flies, but also less valuable.
农业科学家也曾经尝试利用寄生蜂来防治果蝇虫害。但是，最常见的寄生蜂仅能杀死二十分之一的果蝇，躲过一劫的果蝇则继续为非作歹。还有一种方法是利用果蝇诱捕器，通过性诱剂引诱果蝇达到灭蝇目的。但是，这种诱捕器也是成本不菲。所以，大部分果农干脆趁芒果未全熟时提早采摘，这样果蝇危害性是小了，但是芒果也卖不出好价钱。
parasitic wasp 寄生蜂；
rampage 暴跳如雷；狂暴行为: Gangs of youths went on the rampage in the city yesterday. 一伙伙年轻人昨天在城里横冲直撞。
lethal 致命的；可致死的：a lethal weapon 致命的武器；
bait 下诱饵；在(鱼鈎上、陷阱中等)放诱饵: He baited the trap with a
piece of meat. 他在陷阱中放了一片肉做诱饵。
trap (捕捉动物的)陷阱,罗网,夹,捕捉器；
pheromone / ˈferəmon /a chemical that is produced by people's and animals' bodies and is thought to influence the behavior of other people or animals信息素；
做二级笔译的真题的感觉就是，词汇、句式都不难理解，但很难处理的像参考译文那样准确、精炼。比如文中的simply，我处理成了“果农的方法很简单”，而参考译文一个“干脆”就把问题解决了。
“密集孽生”最严重的是太湖东部。太湖是我国第三大淡水湖。这次“密集孽生”导致周边100 多万居民供水出现问题长达10 天之久。为了防止污染，当地环保部门关闭了770 家化工厂。
2008年夏天，长期的温暖、干燥气候导致蓝藻在部分地区发生。9月，一艘可以快速、有效地清除蓝藻的船在江苏省投入使用。
The worst hit was the eastern part of Taihu Lake, the third largest freshwater lake in China. The onset of water bloom suspended water supply to over 1 million residents for 10 days. Local environmental watchdogs/regulators dictated the closure of 770 chemical plants to prevent further pollution.
The summer of 2008 saw much of China hit by blue algae bloom as a result of long-running spells of warm, dry weather. In September, a dedicated ship capable of removing the hazardous plant swiftly yet effectively was put to service in Jiangsu province.
淡水湖 freshwater lake；
某事的开始，发作〔尤指不好的事情〕: the onset of sth：the onset of winter 冬天的来临；
水华，蓝藻大量繁殖 water bloom；
暂停；中止；使暂停发挥作用(或使用等): suspend；
环保部门 environmental watchdogs/regulators；
(尤指以令人不快的方式)指使,强行规定: dictate；
关闭 closure；
化工厂 chemical plant；
长期 long-running spell；
专用的，专门用途的 dedicated；
快速地 swiftly；
投入使用 be put into service；
中文中某些词汇可以反复的重复，而英文中这样的话会显得很罗嗦，我们可以用代词或是其他相同含义的词汇来替代，比如参考译文中，“密集孽生”最严重的是……处理成了"The worst hit was"；“清除蓝藻” 处理成了"removing the hazardous plant"。
Every region of the world has its own variant of the water crisis story. The mining of ground waters for irrigation has lowered the water table in parts of India and Pakistan by 30 meters in the past three decades. As water goes down, the cost of pumping goes up, undermining the livelihoods of poor farmers.
What is driving the global water crisis? Physical availability is part of the problem. Unlike oil or coal, water is an infinitely renewable resource, but it is available in a finite quantity.
世界上每个地区都面临水危机，只不过表现形式不同而已。在过去30年间，印度和巴基斯坦的部分地区大肆开采地下水用于农业灌溉，致使水位下降了30 米，开采成本随之升高，给当地贫苦农民的生计带来严重影响。
全球水危机的成因是什么？部分原因是实际可用水资源短缺。水不同于石油或煤炭，是一种无限可再生资源，但是可用水资源却十分有限。
variant 变种；变体；变形: This game is a variant of baseball. 这种运动是由棒球演变而来的。
mine groundwater 开采地下水；
water table 地下水位，潜水位；
physical availability 实际可用水资源；
infinitely 无限地；
finite 有限的；
availability, available这两个词我觉得算是这段话里的难点，说它难倒不是因为生疏，而是因为很难处理。平时也经常遇到这种词，看到了认识，也理解在文中的意思，但是茶壶煮饺子，表达不出来。
中国与世界从未像今天这样紧密相连。中国政府把中国人民的根本利益与各国人民的共同利益结合起来，坚持奉行防御性的国防政策。中国的国防服从和服务于国家发展战略和安全战略，旨在维护国家安全统一，确保实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标。中国永远是维护世界和平、安全、稳定的坚定力量。
Never before has China been so closely bound up with the rest of the world as it is today. The Chinese government works to advance both the fundamental interests of the Chinese people and the common interests of the peoples of the rest of the world, and pursues a defense policy which is purely defensive in nature. China's national defense, in keeping with and contributing to the country's development and security strategies, aims at maintaining national security and unity, and ensuring the realization of the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. China is determined to remain a staunch force for global peace, security and stability.
紧密相连 closely bound up with；
将二者利益结合，推动 advance；
奉行pursue；
防御性的国防政策 a defense policy which is purely defensive in nature；
服从和服务于 in keeping with and contributing to；
旨在 aim at；
实现……目标 the realization of the goal of；
全面建设小康社会 build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way；
坚定力量 staunch force；
中国与世界从未像今天这样紧密相连。Never before has China been so closely bound up with the rest of the world as it is today.这种句式背下来吧，以后遇到类似的可以直接照葫芦画瓢。
防御性的defensive而不是defendant被告，大家注意不要搞混。
With wateruse increasing at twice the rate of population growth, the amount available per person is shrinking - especially in some of the poorest countries.
Challenging as physical scarcity may be in some countries, the real problems in water go deeper. The 20th-century model for water management was based on a simple idea: that water is an infinitely available free resource to be exploited, dammed or diverted without reference to scarcity or sustainability.
目前，用水增加速度是人口增速的两倍，人均可用水资源在不断减少，一些最不发达国家尤其如此。
一些国家的实际可用水资源确实存在严重短缺的问题，不过水危机的发生还有其深层次的原因。20世纪的水资源管理模式存在问题：人们想当然地认为，水资源取之不竭，用之不尽，是一种免费资源，人们用水毫无节制，随意修建水坝或开展调水工程，根本意识不到水资源短缺的问题，也不考虑这种用水模式是否具有可持续性。
physical scarcity 实际可用水资源短缺；
water is an infinitely available free resource to be exploited 水资源取之不竭，用之不尽；
dam (v.) 筑坝拦水;
divert(v.)使转向；使绕道；转移（这里指调水）；
without reference to 意识不到；
sustainability 可持续性；
physical 这个词我记得这周也是遇到两次，而且这两次都是处理成了“实际地”的意思，大家注意一下这种处理方法；
divert 注意这里是“调水”的意思，根据语境具体处理词汇的意思。
中国在经济不断发展的基础上推进国防和军队现代化，是适应世界新军事变革发展趋势、维护国家安全和发展利益的需要。中国不会与任何国家进行军备竞赛，不会对任何国家构成军事威胁。新世纪新阶段，中国把科学发展观作为国防和军队建设的重要指导方针，积极推进中国特色军事变革，努力实现国防和军队建设全面协调可持续发展。
China's national defense and military modernization, conducted on the basis of steady economic development, is the requirement of keeping up with new trends in the global revolution and development in military affairs, and of maintaining China's national security and development. China will not engage in any arms race or pose a military threat to any other country. At the new stage in the new century, we will take the scientific development outlook as an important guiding principle for the building of national defense and military affairs, vigorously advance the revolution in military affairs with Chinese features, and strive to realize an all-round, coordinated and sustainable development in our country's national defense and military capabilities.
国防和军队现代化 national defense and military modernization；
在……基础上 on the basis of ；
经济不断发展 steady economic development；
适应……发展趋势 keep up with new trends；
军事 military affairs；
军备竞赛 arms race；
构成军事威胁 pose a military threat to；
科学发展观 scientific development outlook；
重要的指导方针 an important guiding principle；
积极推进 vigorously advance；
中国特色军事变革 the revolution in military affairs with Chinese features；
努力做…… strive to；
全面协调可持续发展 an all-round, coordinated and sustainable development；
这一段话好多知识点，大家如果对军事建设这一块不太了解，可以找政府工作报告相关板块看一看。
For a decade, metallurgists studying the hulk of the Titanic have argued that the storied ocean liner went down quickly after hitting an iceberg because the ship's builder used substandard rivets that popped their heads and let tons of icy seawater rush in. More than 1,500 people died.
过去十年一直研究“泰坦尼克”船体的冶金学家认为，这艘著名的远洋邮轮在撞上冰山后之所以会迅速沉没，是因为当时的造船商使用了劣质铆钉，在撞上冰山后铆钉头开始 崩脱，（致使钢板开裂），冰冷刺骨的海水大量倒灌入船体，最终造成 1,500 人殒命。
Metallurgist 冶金学家
Hulk 残骸
Storied 著名的，众所周知的
Popped their heads 崩脱
Substandard 不合格的
rivet 铆钉
Now a team of scientists has moved into deeper waters, uncovering evidence in the builder's own archives of a deadly mix of great ambition and use of low-quality iron that doomed the ship, which sank 96 years ago Tuesday.
一组科学家进行了深度调查研究，他们从造船厂的档案记录中发现了相关证据。据 档案记载，造船厂一方面要建造豪华巨轮，另一方面却使用劣质铁铆，为海难埋下了祸根，最终导致“泰坦尼克”号在 96 年前的那个周二沉入海底。
deadly 致命的，死一般的
doom n. 厄运；死亡；判决；世界末日; vt. 注定；判决；使失败
The scientists found that the ship's builder, Harland and Wolff, in Belfast, struggled for years to obtain adequate supplies of rivets and riveters to build the world's three biggest ships at once: the Titanic and two sisters, Olympic and Britannic.
科学家们研究发现，位于贝尔法斯特的哈兰德与沃尔夫（Harland and Wolff）造船厂当时决心要同时建造 3 艘当时世界上最大的超级邮轮，分别命名为“泰坦尼克”号、“奥林 匹克”号和“不列颠”号。但是，多年来，该造船厂却一直苦于无法获得足够的铆钉及铆工。
Each required three million rivets, and shortages peaked during Titanic's construction.
每艘巨轮都需要 300万个铆钉，特别是在建造“泰坦尼克”号的过程中，铆钉短缺情况尤为严重。
"The board was in crisis mode," said Jennifer Hooper McCarty, a member of the team that studied the company's archive and other evidence. "It was constant stress. Every meeting it was, there are problems with the rivets, and we need to hire more people.' "
“造船厂董事会很有危机感”，负责调查的一位科学家珍妮弗 •胡柏•麦卡锡说，“当时造船厂运转持续吃紧。每次董事会开会都是同样的问题，„铆钉供应不上，铆工人手不够。”
in crisis mode 有危机感
The team collected other clues from 48 Titanic rivets, using modern tests, computer simulations, comparisons to century-old metals and careful documentation of what engineers and shipbuilders of the era considered state of the art.
该调查小组通过从“泰坦尼克”号上取下的48个铆钉收集了其他相关线索。调查人员运用现代测试手段，进行计算机模拟实验，按照 100 年前的金属成分标准重新制造铆钉进行比对，并仔细查阅了当时工程师和造船厂眼里“最先进”的标准是什么。
computer simulations 计算机模拟实验
state of the art 最先进的
The scientists say the troubles began when the colossal plans forced Harland and Wolff to reach beyond its usual suppliers of rivet iron and include smaller forges, as disclosed in company and British government papers. Small forges tended to have less skill and experience.
调查人员发现，正如哈兰德与沃尔夫造船厂和英国政府部门相关档案文件所披露的那样，建造巨轮工程浩大，该造船厂除了从原来的正规铆钉铁供应商那里进货外，还不得不从小型锻工厂订货，而这些小厂的员工一般都缺乏相关技能和经验。
colossal 巨大的，异常的
Disclosed 公开的
Forge 锻造厂
Adding to the threat, the company, in buying iron for Titanic's rivets, ordered No. 3 bar, known as "best," not No. 4, known as "best-best," the scientists found. They also discovered that shipbuilders of the day typically used No. 4 iron for anchors, chains and rivets.
调查人员还发现，在购买造船用铆钉铁的工程中，该造船厂以次充好，没有购买“最佳”的四号铁，而是购买“较佳”的三号铁，这也是一大隐患。调查发现，当时造船厂建造锚、链、铆钉时通常都使用四号铁。
So the liner, whose name was meant to be synonymous with opulence, in at least one instance relied on cheap materials.
调查显示，建造寓意“富足”的“泰坦尼克”号时至少在这方面采用了劣质材料。
liner 班轮，班机
be synonymous with 与...同义
opulence 富裕，丰裕
The scientists argue that better rivets would have probably kept the Titanic afloat long enough for rescuers to have arrived before the icy plunge, saving hundreds of lives.
调查人员称，当时如果选用了优质铆钉，或许“泰坦尼克”号就不会如此迅速下沉，救援人员就能及时赶到，数百人也许就能幸免于难。
afloat adj. 在海上的；飘浮的；浸满水的；在传播的；adv. 在海上；飘浮著；浸满水
plunge n. 投入；跳进；vt. 使陷入；使投入；使插入；vi. 突然地下降；投入；陷入；跳进
英译中长句翻译是个难点，比如最后一句，很多人不会断句，经常按照原文处理成长句，读起来很绕口，表意又不清楚，要注意汉语常使用短句，短小精悍，简短有力。
1996年，一位摄影师在新疆喀纳斯自然保护区无意间拍到一只白熊。自此以后的十年里，白熊藏身于深山之中，再无音讯。直到 2003 年，人们才再次在该自然区又发现了白熊的踪迹。
Back in 1996, a photographer happened to take a picture of a white bear in Kanas nature reserve in Xinjiang in northwest China. The bear remained a hermit/unseen/escaped the radar/stayed off the radar in the ensuing years until 2003 when its traces were spotted yet again in the natural refuge.
新疆Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
喀纳斯自然保护区Kanas nature reserve
无意间 by chance/happen to
在熊的家族里，只有北极熊是白色的。但是，这个庞然大物是如何离开极地寒带，来到这个寒温带的地方呢?难道它是通过通往北极的水路来到此地?这一猜测遭到动物学家的质疑。首先，北极熊不能在温带的树林中生活。其次，……
Only the polar bear is white in the family of bears. Yet, how has this colossal beast managed to move/migrate from the frigid polar zone to the cold temperate zone? Has the creature made it to the reserve via the waterway that leads towards the North Pole? Zoologists have raised doubts about this possibility. First and foremost, polar bears can’t get acclimated to the temperate forest. Second, …
极地寒带frigid polar zone
寒温带cold temperate zone
动物学家zoologist
质疑raised doubts about
温带的树林temperate forest
2006年，一个科学考察队在白熊出没的地区发现了熊冬眠的冬窝儿，还发现了一小团白色的动物毛发。DNA样本鉴定为棕熊的毛发。但是，也有可能，至少那团毛发不属于照片中的白熊。
A scientific expedition in the bear-haunted forest in 2006 also led to the finding of a hideout where the bear hibernates in winter as well as a tiny ball of white furs. DNA test points to a brown bear's hair, which also makes sense, proving at least that the tiny fur ball doesn't come from the pictured white bear.
科学考察队A scientific expedition
白熊出没bear-haunted
一小团 a tiny ball of
汉译英中会出现主语、词性、句式变换，要灵活处理，如“这一猜测遭到动物学家的质疑”处理为“Zoologists have raised doubts about this possibility”，还有最后一段，“发现”处理为“lead to the finding of”。