Week 55

DAY271

L55-3: From the earth: Greetings

Alternatively, if the star were small, the life-supporting planet would have to have a close orbit round it and also provide the perfect conditions for life forms to develop. But how would we find such a planet? At present, there is no telescope in existence that is capable of detecting the presence of life.The development of such a telescope will be one of the great astronomical projects of the twenty-first century.

知识点：

单词：

alternatively 英 /ɔːl'tɜːnətɪvlɪ/ 美 /ɔl'tɝnətɪvli/

adv. 非此即彼；二者择一地；作为一种选择

You use alternatively to introduce a suggestion or to mention something different from what has just been stated. 或者 /ADV with cl/

eg. Hotels are generally of a good standard and not too expensive. Alternatively you could stay in an apartment.

旅馆一般标准高并且不太贵。或者你可以住公寓。

orbit 英 /'ɔːbɪt/ 美 /'ɔrbɪt/

1.N-COUNT An orbit is the curved path in space that is followed by an object going around and around a planet, moon, or star. (天体运行的) 轨道 /also 'in/into' N/

eg. Mars and Earth have orbits which change with time.

火星和地球的轨道随着时间而发生改变。

2.V-T If something such as a satellite orbits a planet, moon, or sun, it moves around it in a continuous, curving path. 环绕…的轨道运行

eg. In 1957 the Soviet Union launched the first satellite to orbit the earth.

1957年，苏联发射了第一颗环绕地球运行的人造卫星。

existence 英 /ɪg'zɪst(ə)ns; eg-/ 美 /ɪɡ'zɪstəns/

1.N-UNCOUNT The existence of something is the fact that it is present in the world as a real thing. 存在

eg. ...the existence of other galaxies.

其他星系的存在。

eg. Public worries about accidents are threatening the very existence of the nuclear power industry.

公众对事故的担心正威胁着核电工业的生存。

2.N-COUNT You can refer to someone's way of life as an existence, especially when they live under difficult conditions. (尤指困境中的) 生活方式

eg. You may be stuck with a miserable existence for the rest of your life.

你的余生可能会陷入悲惨的生活。

capable 英 /'keɪpəb(ə)l/ 美 /'kepəbl/

1.ADJ If a person or thing is capable of doing something, they have the ability to do it. 有能力的 /v-link ADJ 'of' -ing/n/

eg. He appeared hardly capable of conducting a coherent conversation.

他看起来几乎没有能力进行连贯的谈话。

eg. The kitchen is capable of catering for several hundred people.

这间厨房可为数百人提供饮食。

2.ADJ Someone who is capable has the skill or qualities necessary to do a particular thing well, or is able to do most things well. 有才能的; 有才干的

eg. She's a very capable speaker.

她是一个非常有能力的演说者。

3.capably ADV 有能力地; 能干地 /ADV with v/

eg. It was all dealt with very capably by the police and security people.

警方和治安人员极其出色地处理了这一切。

辨析capable 和able
1.它们在表达“能干的”释义时，是可以重叠使用的。比如：
eg. Sammy is an able(= capable) electrician.
萨米是个能干的电工。
2.但要注意的是，他们有以下不同之处：
① able 指的是短暂的（能做某事），“capable”，指的是“长期地（能做某事）”。比如：
She is unable to come here now. 她现在不能来；
Incapable management ruined the company. 无能的经营管理断送了公司。
（注：在这里举的例子都是采用他们的否定形式：able的否定形式是unable；capable的否定形式是incapable。）
② able之后接 to do sth，但是 capable 之后接 of sth。比如：
Will she be able to cope with the work? 她能应付这项工作吗？
A force ten wind is capable of blowing the roofs off houses.10级的大风能吹走屋顶。
③ capable还可用以表示“有可能的，有意愿的”，able没有这个用法。比如：
Everyone is able to kill, but not everyone is capable of murder. 每个人都有能力杀人，但不是每个人都有可能会谋杀。
④ capable 表示的能力没有able表示的能力强。
able 为常用词，指具有做某事所需的力量，技巧，知识与时间等，表示能力超出平均水平；
capable 指满足一般要求的能力。

词组：

life-supporting 维持生命的

in existence 现存的

capable of 有…能力的；可…的

句式：

sth.will be one of the great projects of 某事将成为…的重要研究课题之一。

长难句、语法：

Alternatively, if the star were small, the life-supporting planet would have to have a close orbit round it and also provide the perfect conditions for life forms to develop.

反之，如果恒星很小，维持生命的行星就要在离恒星很近的轨道上运行，而且要有极好的条件才能使生命得以发展。

句子结构分析: if引导虚拟语气的句子，交代相关的先决条件。

At present, there is no telescope in existence that is capable of detecting the presence of life.

现在，没有一台现存的望远镜可以发现生命的存在。

句子结构分析: that引导定语从句。

精妙翻译：

the development of such a telescope will be one of the great astronomical projects of of the 21 century.

而开发这样一台望远镜将会是21世纪天文学的一个重要的研究课题。

the development of sth中文中用动词做强调，但是英文中用名词来做强调

DAY272

L55-4: From the earth: Greetings

It is impossible to look for life on another planet using earth-based telescopes. Our own warm atmosphere and the heat generated by the telescope would make it impossible to detect objects as small as planets.Even a telescope in orbit round the earth, like the very successful Hubble telescope, would not be suitable because of the dust particles in our solar system. A telescope would have to be as far away as the planet Jupiter to look for life in outer space, because the dust becomes thinner the further we travel towards the outer edges of our own solar system.

知识点：

单词：

-based：

1.位于，位置在哪里

2.主要成分为……

eg. lead-based paints铅画

jupiter/ ˈdʒuːpitə(r) / 木星，朱庇特

词组：

Hubble telescope

HST：hubble space telescope

句式：

the+比较级，the+比较级

长难句、语法：

because the dust becomes thinner the further we travel towards the outer edges of our own solar system.

the A,the B的,比较级都放在句首，A是从句，b是主句，顺序翻译
但是比较级放在句中(THE可以去掉)的是主句，带the放句首这半的是从句，翻译时先译从句
- eg. The harder they worked ,the hungrier they become.
- =They become （the ）hungrier the harder they worked.

DAY273

L55-5: From the earth: Greetings

Once we detected a planet, we would have to find a way of blotting out the light from its star, so that we would be able to‘see’ the planet properly and analyse its atmosphere. In the first instance, we would be looking for plant life, rather than 'little green men'. The life forms most likely to develop on a planet would be bacteria. It is bacteria that have generated the oxygen we breathe on earth. For most of the earth's history they have been the only form of life on our planet.

知识点：

单词：

properly 不能翻译成恰好，适当，而是彻底，英联邦国家用法

1.especially British EnglishCOMPLETELY completely or fully SYN thoroughly

2.formal really

properly speaking British English (=really)

词组：

blot out遮住

eg. Dark clouds overhead blotted out the sun.

in the first instance 首先

little green men 小绿人，约定俗称的地外生命的叫法

句式：

…so （that ）we would…

一般情况下，后面有情态动词can，could would might，翻译为“以便于”，为目的从句；
如果后面没有情态动词，则翻译为“所以”,为结果从句

It is sth that……

不管是单数pl都用it is 做强调。

DAY274

L55-6: From the earth: Greetings

As Earth-dwellers, we always cherish the hope that we will be visited by little green men and that we will be able to communicate with them. But this hope is always in the realms of science fiction. If we were able to discover lowly forms of life like bacteria on another planet, it would completely change our view of ourselves. As Daniel Goldin of NASA observed, 'Finding life elsewhere would change everything. No human endeavour or thought would be unchanged by it.'

知识点：

单词：

realm

/relm/ noun countable

AREA 范围

an area of interest or activity （兴趣或活动的）界，领域，范围

eg. Her interests are in the realm of practical politics.

她的兴趣在于那些需要采取具体行动去做的事情。

eg. The change in people’s attitudes will gradually move from the realm of theory into that of practice.

从理论领域转到实践领域

endeavour

UK (ALSO US endeavor) UK /en'dev.ər/ US /-ɚ/ noun countable or uncountable

an attempt to do something 尝试；努力

eg. In spite of our best endeavours, it has proven impossible to contact her.

尽管我们尽了最大的努力，但最后还是未能联系上她。

eg. Crossing the North Pole on foot was an amazing feat of human endeavour.

徒步穿越北极是人类探索领域的一次壮举。

eg. artistic endeavour对艺术的探索

eg. Crossing the North Pole on foot was an amazing feat of human endeavour.

是人类努力的一个惊人奇迹

词组：

earth-dweller

dweller: people who live in a certain place.

city/country dwellers

in the realm of

She found great pleasures in the realm of history.

句式：

As Daniel Goldin of NASA observed, ...

正如xx指出的：

长难句、语法：

As Earth-dwellers, we always cherish the hope that we will be visited by little green men and that we will be able to communicate with them.

作为地球上的居民，我们总存在这样的希望：小绿人来拜访我们，而我们可以和他们交流。

As Earth-dwellers是同位语，the hope 后面的that和and that 引导了两个并列的定语从句。

DAY275

L56-1: Our neighbour, the river

The river which forms the eastern boundary of our farm has always played an important part in our lives. Without it we could not make a living. There is only enough spring water to supply the needs of the house, so we have to pump from the river for farm use. We tell the river all our secrets. We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.

知识点：

单词：

boundary/ ˈbaundri /

form a natural boundary of sth 形成天然边界

blur the boundaries 模糊边界

national boundaries 国家边界

instinctively=by instinct

overtake

=visit/befall(befell befallen)

happen to(必须加to)+不好的事发生

词组：

make a living/earn a living谋生

for farm use= for irrigation灌溉

the house指全家人

句式：

play a role/part in…

There is only enough sth to do sth so I/we have to do sth

only enough只够，enough是adv，修饰only

to a degree that you do not wish to get any greater

eg."The quantities of food we are getting is only enough for one million, " he says.

without it I/we could not do sth 要是……就

精妙翻译：

We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.

beekeeper
- 欧洲人常见的迷信：家里大事常常跟蜜蜂说，不然蜜蜂就成群离去。
relate A to/with B
- 告诉B关于A的事情
report/recount/relate sth to sb

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Week 55

DAY271

L55-3: From the earth: Greetings

知识点：

单词：

alternatively 英 /ɔːl'tɜːnətɪvlɪ/ 美 /ɔl'tɝnətɪvli/

adv. 非此即彼；二者择一地；作为一种选择

You use alternatively to introduce a suggestion or to mention something different from what has just been stated. 或者 /ADV with cl/

eg. Hotels are generally of a good standard and not too expensive. Alternatively you could stay in an apartment.

旅馆一般标准高并且不太贵。或者你可以住公寓。

orbit 英 /'ɔːbɪt/ 美 /'ɔrbɪt/

1.N-COUNT An orbit is the curved path in space that is followed by an object going around and around a planet, moon, or star. (天体运行的) 轨道 /also 'in/into' N/

eg. Mars and Earth have orbits which change with time.

火星和地球的轨道随着时间而发生改变。

2.V-T If something such as a satellite orbits a planet, moon, or sun, it moves around it in a continuous, curving path. 环绕…的轨道运行

eg. In 1957 the Soviet Union launched the first satellite to orbit the earth.

1957年，苏联发射了第一颗环绕地球运行的人造卫星。

existence 英 /ɪg'zɪst(ə)ns; eg-/ 美 /ɪɡ'zɪstəns/

1.N-UNCOUNT The existence of something is the fact that it is present in the world as a real thing. 存在

eg. ...the existence of other galaxies.

其他星系的存在。

eg. Public worries about accidents are threatening the very existence of the nuclear power industry.

公众对事故的担心正威胁着核电工业的生存。

2.N-COUNT You can refer to someone's way of life as an existence, especially when they live under difficult conditions. (尤指困境中的) 生活方式

eg. You may be stuck with a miserable existence for the rest of your life.

你的余生可能会陷入悲惨的生活。

capable 英 /'keɪpəb(ə)l/ 美 /'kepəbl/

1.ADJ If a person or thing is capable of doing something, they have the ability to do it. 有能力的 /v-link ADJ 'of' -ing/n/

eg. He appeared hardly capable of conducting a coherent conversation.

他看起来几乎没有能力进行连贯的谈话。

eg. The kitchen is capable of catering for several hundred people.

这间厨房可为数百人提供饮食。

2.ADJ Someone who is capable has the skill or qualities necessary to do a particular thing well, or is able to do most things well. 有才能的; 有才干的

eg. She's a very capable speaker.

她是一个非常有能力的演说者。

3.capably ADV 有能力地; 能干地 /ADV with v/

eg. It was all dealt with very capably by the police and security people.

警方和治安人员极其出色地处理了这一切。

辨析capable 和able
1.它们在表达“能干的”释义时，是可以重叠使用的。比如：
eg. Sammy is an able(= capable) electrician.
萨米是个能干的电工。
2.但要注意的是，他们有以下不同之处：
① able 指的是短暂的（能做某事），“capable”，指的是“长期地（能做某事）”。比如：
She is unable to come here now. 她现在不能来；
Incapable management ruined the company. 无能的经营管理断送了公司。
（注：在这里举的例子都是采用他们的否定形式：able的否定形式是unable；capable的否定形式是incapable。）
② able之后接 to do sth，但是 capable 之后接 of sth。比如：
Will she be able to cope with the work? 她能应付这项工作吗？
A force ten wind is capable of blowing the roofs off houses.10级的大风能吹走屋顶。
③ capable还可用以表示“有可能的，有意愿的”，able没有这个用法。比如：
Everyone is able to kill, but not everyone is capable of murder. 每个人都有能力杀人，但不是每个人都有可能会谋杀。
④ capable 表示的能力没有able表示的能力强。
able 为常用词，指具有做某事所需的力量，技巧，知识与时间等，表示能力超出平均水平；
capable 指满足一般要求的能力。

词组：

life-supporting 维持生命的

in existence 现存的

capable of 有…能力的；可…的

句式：

sth.will be one of the great projects of 某事将成为…的重要研究课题之一。

长难句、语法：

Alternatively, if the star were small, the life-supporting planet would have to have a close orbit round it and also provide the perfect conditions for life forms to develop.

反之，如果恒星很小，维持生命的行星就要在离恒星很近的轨道上运行，而且要有极好的条件才能使生命得以发展。

句子结构分析: if引导虚拟语气的句子，交代相关的先决条件。

At present, there is no telescope in existence that is capable of detecting the presence of life.

现在，没有一台现存的望远镜可以发现生命的存在。

句子结构分析: that引导定语从句。

精妙翻译：

the development of such a telescope will be one of the great astronomical projects of of the 21 century.

而开发这样一台望远镜将会是21世纪天文学的一个重要的研究课题。

the development of sth中文中用动词做强调，但是英文中用名词来做强调

DAY272

L55-4: From the earth: Greetings

知识点：

单词：

-based：

1.位于，位置在哪里

2.主要成分为……

eg. lead-based paints铅画

jupiter/ ˈdʒuːpitə(r) / 木星，朱庇特

词组：

Hubble telescope

HST：hubble space telescope

句式：

the+比较级，the+比较级

长难句、语法：

because the dust becomes thinner the further we travel towards the outer edges of our own solar system.

the A,the B的,比较级都放在句首，A是从句，b是主句，顺序翻译
但是比较级放在句中(THE可以去掉)的是主句，带the放句首这半的是从句，翻译时先译从句
- eg. The harder they worked ,the hungrier they become.
- =They become （the ）hungrier the harder they worked.

DAY273

L55-5: From the earth: Greetings

知识点：

单词：

properly 不能翻译成恰好，适当，而是彻底，英联邦国家用法

1.especially British EnglishCOMPLETELY completely or fully SYN thoroughly

2.formal really

properly speaking British English (=really)

词组：

blot out遮住

eg. Dark clouds overhead blotted out the sun.

in the first instance 首先

little green men 小绿人，约定俗称的地外生命的叫法

句式：

…so （that ）we would…

一般情况下，后面有情态动词can，could would might，翻译为“以便于”，为目的从句；
如果后面没有情态动词，则翻译为“所以”,为结果从句

It is sth that……

不管是单数pl都用it is 做强调。

DAY274

L55-6: From the earth: Greetings

知识点：

单词：

realm

/relm/ noun countable

AREA 范围

an area of interest or activity （兴趣或活动的）界，领域，范围

eg. Her interests are in the realm of practical politics.

她的兴趣在于那些需要采取具体行动去做的事情。

eg. The change in people’s attitudes will gradually move from the realm of theory into that of practice.

从理论领域转到实践领域

endeavour

UK (ALSO US endeavor) UK /en'dev.ər/ US /-ɚ/ noun countable or uncountable

an attempt to do something 尝试；努力

eg. In spite of our best endeavours, it has proven impossible to contact her.

尽管我们尽了最大的努力，但最后还是未能联系上她。

eg. Crossing the North Pole on foot was an amazing feat of human endeavour.

徒步穿越北极是人类探索领域的一次壮举。

eg. artistic endeavour对艺术的探索

eg. Crossing the North Pole on foot was an amazing feat of human endeavour.

是人类努力的一个惊人奇迹

词组：

earth-dweller

dweller: people who live in a certain place.

city/country dwellers

in the realm of

She found great pleasures in the realm of history.

句式：

As Daniel Goldin of NASA observed, ...

正如xx指出的：

长难句、语法：

As Earth-dwellers, we always cherish the hope that we will be visited by little green men and that we will be able to communicate with them.

作为地球上的居民，我们总存在这样的希望：小绿人来拜访我们，而我们可以和他们交流。

As Earth-dwellers是同位语，the hope 后面的that和and that 引导了两个并列的定语从句。

DAY275

L56-1: Our neighbour, the river

知识点：

单词：

boundary/ ˈbaundri /

form a natural boundary of sth 形成天然边界

blur the boundaries 模糊边界

national boundaries 国家边界

instinctively=by instinct

overtake

=visit/befall(befell befallen)

happen to(必须加to)+不好的事发生

词组：

make a living/earn a living谋生

for farm use= for irrigation灌溉

the house指全家人

句式：

play a role/part in…

There is only enough sth to do sth so I/we have to do sth

only enough只够，enough是adv，修饰only

to a degree that you do not wish to get any greater

eg."The quantities of food we are getting is only enough for one million, " he says.

without it I/we could not do sth 要是……就

精妙翻译：

We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.

beekeeper
- 欧洲人常见的迷信：家里大事常常跟蜜蜂说，不然蜜蜂就成群离去。
relate A to/with B
- 告诉B关于A的事情
report/recount/relate sth to sb

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Last updated 4 years ago

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