Week 49

DAY241

L50-6: New Year resolution

One night, however, feeling cold and lonely, I went downstairs and sat in front of the television pretending to read. That proved to be my undoing, for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen. I still haven't given up my resolution to do more reading. In fact, I have just bought a book entitled "How to Read a Thousand Words a Minute". Perhaps it will solve my problem, but I just haven't had time to read it!

知识点：

单词：

undoing 英 /ʌn'duːɪŋ/ 美 /ʌn'duɪŋ/

n.祸根；毁灭；取消；毁灭的原因

be someone’s undoing

or be the undoing of someone

If something is someone's undoing, it is the cause of their failure. 失败的原因

eg.His lack of experience may prove to be his undoing. 缺乏经验可能就是他失败的原因。

v.解开；取消

to unfasten by releasing:

to undo a gate; to undo a button.

to untie or loose (a knot, rope, etc.).

doze 英 /dəʊz/ 美 /doz/ vi. 打瞌睡；假寐

When you doze, you sleep lightly or for a short period, especially during the daytime.

eg.My cat likes dozing in front of the fire.

词组：

bad habit 坏习惯

doze off 打瞌睡；困倦

to start to sleep, especially during the day and without intending to

eg.I dozed off in front of the television.

句式：

That proved to be... 那证明是......

精妙翻译：

That proved to be my undoing, for i soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of screen.

这下我可完了，因为不一会儿，我就恢复了以前的坏习惯，在屏幕前打起瞌睡来。

（前面的话意译成这下我可完了，很贴切。后面使用短句翻译使意思清晰明了。）

摘要写作：

I felt cold and lonely one night, then went downstairs and sat in front of the television pretending to read.

DAY242

L51-1: Predicting the future

Predicting the future is notoriously difficult. Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers would be as common in people's homes as TV sets? In the 1970s, computers were common enough, but only in big business, government departments, and large organizations. These were the so-called mainframe machines.

知识点：

单词：

notoriously /noˈtɔːriəsli/ adv. 众所周知地；声名狼藉地；恶名昭彰地

Used to emphasize that a quality or fact, typically a bad one, is well known.

eg.the company is notoriously difficult to contact.

eg.a notoriously overcrowded prison.

so-called

英 /,səʊ'kɔ:ld/ 美 /,so'kɔld /adj. 所谓的；号称的

1.ADJ You use so-called to indicate that you think a word or expression used to describe someone or something is in fact wrong. 所谓的 [ADJ n]

eg. These are the facts that explode their so-called economic miracle.

这些就是戳穿他们所谓的经济奇迹的事实。

2.ADJ You use so-called to indicate that something is generally referred to by the name that you are about to use. 被称为…的 [ADJ n]

eg. ...a summit of the world's seven leading market economies, the so-called G-7.…

世界7个主要市场经济体的峰会，一般称为G-7。

mainframe

mainframe 英 /'meɪnfreɪm/ 美/'menfrem/ n. [计] 主机；大型机 N-COUNT

A mainframe or mainframe computer is a large, powerful computer which can be used by many people at the same time and which can do very large or complicated tasks. 主机（指可同时供多人使用的大型计算机）

eg. I downloaded the whole thing into the hospital mainframe before I left work today.

我今天下班前把全部内容下载到了医院的主机上。

词组：

in the mid 1970s

for example

by the end of the 20th century

句式：

Who could have imagined…谁能想到...

sth. be as common as sth....什么像什么一样普遍

长难句、语法：

Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers would be as common in people's homes as TV sets?

that从句；时间插入语 in the mid 1970s；举例插入语for example

精妙翻译：

Predicting the future is notoriously difficult.

众所周知，预测未来是非常困难的。

英译汉时，notoriously提前，符合中文习惯。

Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers would be as common in people's homes as TV sets?

举个例子吧，在20世纪70年代中叶又有谁能想得到在20世纪末的时候，家庭用的计算机会像电视机一样普遍？

两个插入语in the mid 1970s, for example提前，符合中文习惯。把“家庭用的”加在“计算机”前，翻译得更符合语境。

In the 1970s, computers were common enough, but only in big business, government departments, and large organizations.

在70年代，计算机已经相当普及了，但只用在大公司，政府部门和大的组织之中。

“相当普及”，翻译简洁！ only in翻译时加了动词“用”，使得中文语义更完整。

DAY243

L51-2: Predicting the future

Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians and run on specially-written software. Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful personal computers, commonly known as PCs.In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA.

知识点：

单词：

Mainframe N. (可同时供多人使用或进行复杂计算的)大型计算机

Primitive

1.ADJ. 原始的；远古的；未开化的 eg. ...studies of primitive societies.对原始社会的研究

Primitive means belonging to a society in which people live in a very simple way, usually without industries or a writing system. 原始的 (社会)

2.ADJ （动植物）原始的，低等的，进化初期的

Primitive means belonging to a very early period in the development of an animal or plant.

3.ADJ 古老的；简陋的

If you describe something as primitive, you mean that it is very simple in style or very old-fashioned.

Eg.The conditions are primitive by any standards...

无论用什么标准来衡量，其条件都很简陋。

词组：

personal computers 个人电脑

与“电脑”相关的词汇总结:

PC（Personal Computer）个人电脑

Home computer 家用电脑

deskstop 台式电脑

laptop 笔记本电脑

palmtop 掌上电脑

penputer 笔触式电脑

teleputer 电视电脑

full-time 专职

Part-time 全职

take over 接管；接收

句式：

Be co mmonly known as ... 我们常说的....

Eg. Proof of permanent residency is a small identification card commonly known as a green card.

永久居留证是一个小身份证，通常被称为绿卡。

长难句、语法：

In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA.

be launched可用于说明火箭，飞船，导弹，卫星，航天飞机等的发射，亦可以用于说明某个产品的推出。

DAY244

L51-3: Predicting the future

It can properly be described as the first 'home computer' and it pointed the way to the future. This was followed, at the end of the 1970s, by a machine called an Apple.In the early 1980s, the computer giant, IBM produced the world's first Personal Computer. This ran on an 'operating system' called DOS, produced by a then small company named Microsoft. The IBM Personal Computer was widely copied.

知识点：

单词：

giant /'dʒaɪənt/

1.可数名词大公司；大企业；大国 Giant is often used to refer to any large, successful business organization or country.

2.可数名词（尤指古代传说中虚构的）巨人 A giant is an imaginary person who is very big and strong, especially one mentioned in old stories.

3.可数名词伟人；巨子；高大健壮的人 You can refer to someone, especially a man, as a giant, if they seem important or powerful or if they are big and strong.

4.可数名词卓越人物；大师；才华超群的人 You can refer to someone such as a famous musician or writer as a giant, if they are regarded as one of the most important or successful people in their field.

5.形容词巨大的；特大的；极其重要的 Something that is described as giant is much larger or more important than most others of its kind.

词组：

be described as 被描述为

point the way 指明了发展的方向

1) to show the direction that sth is in 指路，指方向，通向

eg. A zigzag road pointed the way to the village.

一条弯弯曲曲的小路通向村庄。

eg. A loaded gun was pointed to the deer.

上满了子弹的枪指向了小鹿。

2) to show how something could change or develop success fully.

本文-指明了发展的方向。

eg. Clone pointed the way for genetic research.

克隆技术为基因研究指明了发展的方向。

home computer 家用电脑

personal computer 个人电脑

run on 在···上运行

1) go on 持续的进行

eg. The lecture ran on untill 11 o'clock.

这个演讲持续到11点。

eg. His cold ran on for a week.

他的感冒持续了一周。

2) to work or drive by sth.

靠...运转

eg. The air conditioner runs on very little electricity.

这个空调耗电很低。

eg. His mind ran on his own trouble.

他满脑子都是自己的烦心事。

operating system 操作系统

a then small company 那时候规模尚小的一个公司

be widely copy 大规模仿制，广泛抄袭

DAY245

L51-4: Predicting the future

From those humble beginnings, we have seen the development of the user-friendly home computers and multimedia machines which are in common use today. Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s, an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today.Bagrit dismissed the idea that computers would learn to 'think' for themselves and would 'rule the world', which people liked to believe in those days.

知识点：

单词：

humble EE/ˈhʌmbl/ AE/ˈhʌmbəl/

1.形容词粗陋的;简陋的;不起眼的 A humble place or thing is ordinary and not special in any way.

2.形容词谦逊的;谦虚的;谦卑的 A humble person is not proud and does not believe that they are better than other people.

eg.He gave a great performance, but he was very humble.

他的表演很精彩，但他却很谦逊。

3.形容词（社会地位）低下的，卑贱的 People with low social status are sometimes described as humble.

eg.Spyros Latsis started his career as a humble fisherman in the Aegean.

斯派罗斯·拉齐斯最初的职业是爱琴海的一名地位低微的渔夫。

4.形容词愚（见）；拙（见） People use humble in a phrase such as in my humble opinion as a polite way of emphasizing what they think, even though they do not feel humble about it.

eg.It is, in my humble opinion, perhaps the best steak restaurant in the city.

以我之拙见，它也许是该市最好的牛排馆。

5.短语道歉赔不是;承认错误 If you eat humble pie, you speak or behave in a way which tells people that you admit you were wrong about something.

eg.Anson was forced to eat humble pie and publicly apologize to her.

安森被迫认错并公开向她道歉。

6.动词轻易击败（强大的对手） If you humble someone who is more important or powerful than you, you defeat them easily.

7.动词使谦逊;使感到卑微;羞辱 If something or someone humbles you, they make you realize that you are not as important or good as you thought you were.

user-friendly /ˈjuzɚˈfrɛndli/

1.形容词（机器、系统等）易操作的，便于使用的 If you describe something such as a machine or system as user-friendly, you mean that it is well designed and easy to use.

（easy to use, understand, or operate）

multimedia /ˌmʌltɪ'midɪə/

1.不可数名词多媒体 You use multimedia to refer to computer programs and products which involve sound, pictures, and film, as well as text.

2.不可数名词 (教学中)多媒体的使用 In education, multimedia is the use of television and other different media in a lesson, as well as books.

3.不可数名词 (艺术中)多种材料的使用 In art, multimedia is the use of different kinds of material in a painting, sculpture or performance.

remarkable /rɪ'mɑrkəbl/

1.形容词不同寻常的;非凡的;引人注目的 Someone or something that is remarkable is unusual or special in a way that makes people notice them and be surprised or impressed.

dismiss /dɪs'mɪs/

1.动词不考虑;不理会 If you dismiss something, you decide or say that it is not important enough for you to think about or consider.

2.动词 (从头脑中)去除;不再考虑;抛弃 If you dismiss something from your mind, you stop thinking about it.

eg.I dismissed the problem from my mind.

我从心中摒除了这个问题。

3.动词解雇;免…的职;开除 When an employer dismisses an employee, the employer tells the employee that they are no longer needed to do the job that they have been doing.

4.动词让…离去;把…打发走;解散;遣散 If you are dismissed by someone in authority, they tell you that you can go away from them.

eg.Two more witnesses were called, heard, and dismissed.

又有两名证人被传讯后获准离开了。

5.动词 (法官)驳回，不予受理 When a judge dismisses a case against someone, he or she formally states that there is no need for a trial, usually because there is not enough evidence for the case to continue.

eg.A federal judge dismissed the charges against the doctor yesterday.

一名联邦法官昨天驳回了对该医生的指控。

词组：

be in common use 被经常使用；普及的

as long ago as 早到···时候

rule the world 控制世界

in those days 在那些时候

句式：

Considering··· 考虑到···

介词考虑到;鉴于 You use considering to indicate that you are thinking about a particular fact when making a judgment or giving an opinion.

连词考虑到(后接从句) You use considering that to indicate that you are thinking about a particular fact when making a judgment or giving an opinion.

副词通盘考虑;从各方面考虑 When you are giving an opinion or making a judgment, you can use considering to suggest that you have thought about all the circumstances, and often that something has succeeded in spite of these circumstances.

dismiss the idea that ··· 不考虑···这个想法

长难句、语法：

Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s, an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today.

想一想这些发展的时间多么短，就更觉得英国人莱昂·巴格瑞特有着非凡能力。他在60年代就能预言我们今天知道的计算机的一些用途。
句子比较长，先抓主谓宾：it is remarkable。前面有个从句Considering；it是形式主语，真实主语是that引导的从句；从句中主语是英国人，谓语是was able to predict；后面which引导了的定语从句修饰的是uses。
翻译很棒，添加了一些词，使得句子更加圆润更容易理解。

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Week 49

DAY241

L50-6: New Year resolution

知识点：

单词：

undoing 英 /ʌn'duːɪŋ/ 美 /ʌn'duɪŋ/

n.祸根；毁灭；取消；毁灭的原因

be someone’s undoing

or be the undoing of someone

If something is someone's undoing, it is the cause of their failure. 失败的原因

eg.His lack of experience may prove to be his undoing. 缺乏经验可能就是他失败的原因。

v.解开；取消

to unfasten by releasing:

to undo a gate; to undo a button.

to untie or loose (a knot, rope, etc.).

doze 英 /dəʊz/ 美 /doz/ vi. 打瞌睡；假寐

When you doze, you sleep lightly or for a short period, especially during the daytime.

eg.My cat likes dozing in front of the fire.

词组：

bad habit 坏习惯

doze off 打瞌睡；困倦

to start to sleep, especially during the day and without intending to

eg.I dozed off in front of the television.

句式：

That proved to be... 那证明是......

精妙翻译：

That proved to be my undoing, for i soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of screen.

这下我可完了，因为不一会儿，我就恢复了以前的坏习惯，在屏幕前打起瞌睡来。

（前面的话意译成这下我可完了，很贴切。后面使用短句翻译使意思清晰明了。）

摘要写作：

I felt cold and lonely one night, then went downstairs and sat in front of the television pretending to read.

DAY242

L51-1: Predicting the future

知识点：

单词：

notoriously /noˈtɔːriəsli/ adv. 众所周知地；声名狼藉地；恶名昭彰地

Used to emphasize that a quality or fact, typically a bad one, is well known.

eg.the company is notoriously difficult to contact.

eg.a notoriously overcrowded prison.

so-called

英 /,səʊ'kɔ:ld/ 美 /,so'kɔld /adj. 所谓的；号称的

1.ADJ You use so-called to indicate that you think a word or expression used to describe someone or something is in fact wrong. 所谓的 [ADJ n]

eg. These are the facts that explode their so-called economic miracle.

这些就是戳穿他们所谓的经济奇迹的事实。

2.ADJ You use so-called to indicate that something is generally referred to by the name that you are about to use. 被称为…的 [ADJ n]

eg. ...a summit of the world's seven leading market economies, the so-called G-7.…

世界7个主要市场经济体的峰会，一般称为G-7。

mainframe

mainframe 英 /'meɪnfreɪm/ 美/'menfrem/ n. [计] 主机；大型机 N-COUNT

eg. I downloaded the whole thing into the hospital mainframe before I left work today.

我今天下班前把全部内容下载到了医院的主机上。

词组：

in the mid 1970s

for example

by the end of the 20th century

句式：

Who could have imagined…谁能想到...

sth. be as common as sth....什么像什么一样普遍

长难句、语法：

Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers would be as common in people's homes as TV sets?

that从句；时间插入语 in the mid 1970s；举例插入语for example

精妙翻译：

Predicting the future is notoriously difficult.

众所周知，预测未来是非常困难的。

英译汉时，notoriously提前，符合中文习惯。

Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers would be as common in people's homes as TV sets?

举个例子吧，在20世纪70年代中叶又有谁能想得到在20世纪末的时候，家庭用的计算机会像电视机一样普遍？

两个插入语in the mid 1970s, for example提前，符合中文习惯。把“家庭用的”加在“计算机”前，翻译得更符合语境。

In the 1970s, computers were common enough, but only in big business, government departments, and large organizations.

在70年代，计算机已经相当普及了，但只用在大公司，政府部门和大的组织之中。

“相当普及”，翻译简洁！ only in翻译时加了动词“用”，使得中文语义更完整。

DAY243

L51-2: Predicting the future

知识点：

单词：

Mainframe N. (可同时供多人使用或进行复杂计算的)大型计算机

Primitive

1.ADJ. 原始的；远古的；未开化的 eg. ...studies of primitive societies.对原始社会的研究

Primitive means belonging to a society in which people live in a very simple way, usually without industries or a writing system. 原始的 (社会)

2.ADJ （动植物）原始的，低等的，进化初期的

Primitive means belonging to a very early period in the development of an animal or plant.

3.ADJ 古老的；简陋的

If you describe something as primitive, you mean that it is very simple in style or very old-fashioned.

Eg.The conditions are primitive by any standards...

无论用什么标准来衡量，其条件都很简陋。

词组：

personal computers 个人电脑

与“电脑”相关的词汇总结:

PC（Personal Computer）个人电脑

Home computer 家用电脑

deskstop 台式电脑

laptop 笔记本电脑

palmtop 掌上电脑

penputer 笔触式电脑

teleputer 电视电脑

full-time 专职

Part-time 全职

take over 接管；接收

句式：

Be co mmonly known as ... 我们常说的....

Eg. Proof of permanent residency is a small identification card commonly known as a green card.

永久居留证是一个小身份证，通常被称为绿卡。

长难句、语法：

In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA.

be launched可用于说明火箭，飞船，导弹，卫星，航天飞机等的发射，亦可以用于说明某个产品的推出。

DAY244

L51-3: Predicting the future

知识点：

单词：

giant /'dʒaɪənt/

1.可数名词大公司；大企业；大国 Giant is often used to refer to any large, successful business organization or country.

2.可数名词（尤指古代传说中虚构的）巨人 A giant is an imaginary person who is very big and strong, especially one mentioned in old stories.

3.可数名词伟人；巨子；高大健壮的人 You can refer to someone, especially a man, as a giant, if they seem important or powerful or if they are big and strong.

5.形容词巨大的；特大的；极其重要的 Something that is described as giant is much larger or more important than most others of its kind.

词组：

be described as 被描述为

point the way 指明了发展的方向

1) to show the direction that sth is in 指路，指方向，通向

eg. A zigzag road pointed the way to the village.

一条弯弯曲曲的小路通向村庄。

eg. A loaded gun was pointed to the deer.

上满了子弹的枪指向了小鹿。

2) to show how something could change or develop success fully.

本文-指明了发展的方向。

eg. Clone pointed the way for genetic research.

克隆技术为基因研究指明了发展的方向。

home computer 家用电脑

personal computer 个人电脑

run on 在···上运行

1) go on 持续的进行

eg. The lecture ran on untill 11 o'clock.

这个演讲持续到11点。

eg. His cold ran on for a week.

他的感冒持续了一周。

2) to work or drive by sth.

靠...运转

eg. The air conditioner runs on very little electricity.

这个空调耗电很低。

eg. His mind ran on his own trouble.

他满脑子都是自己的烦心事。

operating system 操作系统

a then small company 那时候规模尚小的一个公司

be widely copy 大规模仿制，广泛抄袭

DAY245

L51-4: Predicting the future

知识点：

单词：

humble EE/ˈhʌmbl/ AE/ˈhʌmbəl/

1.形容词粗陋的;简陋的;不起眼的 A humble place or thing is ordinary and not special in any way.

2.形容词谦逊的;谦虚的;谦卑的 A humble person is not proud and does not believe that they are better than other people.

eg.He gave a great performance, but he was very humble.

他的表演很精彩，但他却很谦逊。

3.形容词（社会地位）低下的，卑贱的 People with low social status are sometimes described as humble.

eg.Spyros Latsis started his career as a humble fisherman in the Aegean.

斯派罗斯·拉齐斯最初的职业是爱琴海的一名地位低微的渔夫。

4.形容词愚（见）；拙（见） People use humble in a phrase such as in my humble opinion as a polite way of emphasizing what they think, even though they do not feel humble about it.

eg.It is, in my humble opinion, perhaps the best steak restaurant in the city.

以我之拙见，它也许是该市最好的牛排馆。

5.短语道歉赔不是;承认错误 If you eat humble pie, you speak or behave in a way which tells people that you admit you were wrong about something.

eg.Anson was forced to eat humble pie and publicly apologize to her.

安森被迫认错并公开向她道歉。

6.动词轻易击败（强大的对手） If you humble someone who is more important or powerful than you, you defeat them easily.

7.动词使谦逊;使感到卑微;羞辱 If something or someone humbles you, they make you realize that you are not as important or good as you thought you were.

user-friendly /ˈjuzɚˈfrɛndli/

1.形容词（机器、系统等）易操作的，便于使用的 If you describe something such as a machine or system as user-friendly, you mean that it is well designed and easy to use.

（easy to use, understand, or operate）

multimedia /ˌmʌltɪ'midɪə/

1.不可数名词多媒体 You use multimedia to refer to computer programs and products which involve sound, pictures, and film, as well as text.

2.不可数名词 (教学中)多媒体的使用 In education, multimedia is the use of television and other different media in a lesson, as well as books.

3.不可数名词 (艺术中)多种材料的使用 In art, multimedia is the use of different kinds of material in a painting, sculpture or performance.

remarkable /rɪ'mɑrkəbl/

1.形容词不同寻常的;非凡的;引人注目的 Someone or something that is remarkable is unusual or special in a way that makes people notice them and be surprised or impressed.

dismiss /dɪs'mɪs/

1.动词不考虑;不理会 If you dismiss something, you decide or say that it is not important enough for you to think about or consider.

2.动词 (从头脑中)去除;不再考虑;抛弃 If you dismiss something from your mind, you stop thinking about it.

eg.I dismissed the problem from my mind.

我从心中摒除了这个问题。

3.动词解雇;免…的职;开除 When an employer dismisses an employee, the employer tells the employee that they are no longer needed to do the job that they have been doing.

4.动词让…离去;把…打发走;解散;遣散 If you are dismissed by someone in authority, they tell you that you can go away from them.

eg.Two more witnesses were called, heard, and dismissed.

又有两名证人被传讯后获准离开了。

eg.A federal judge dismissed the charges against the doctor yesterday.

一名联邦法官昨天驳回了对该医生的指控。

词组：

be in common use 被经常使用；普及的

as long ago as 早到···时候

rule the world 控制世界

in those days 在那些时候

句式：

Considering··· 考虑到···

介词考虑到;鉴于 You use considering to indicate that you are thinking about a particular fact when making a judgment or giving an opinion.

连词考虑到(后接从句) You use considering that to indicate that you are thinking about a particular fact when making a judgment or giving an opinion.

副词通盘考虑;从各方面考虑 When you are giving an opinion or making a judgment, you can use considering to suggest that you have thought about all the circumstances, and often that something has succeeded in spite of these circumstances.

dismiss the idea that ··· 不考虑···这个想法

长难句、语法：

想一想这些发展的时间多么短，就更觉得英国人莱昂·巴格瑞特有着非凡能力。他在60年代就能预言我们今天知道的计算机的一些用途。
句子比较长，先抓主谓宾：it is remarkable。前面有个从句Considering；it是形式主语，真实主语是that引导的从句；从句中主语是英国人，谓语是was able to predict；后面which引导了的定语从句修饰的是uses。
翻译很棒，添加了一些词，使得句子更加圆润更容易理解。

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