Week 27

DAY131

L31-1: A lovable eccentric

True eccentrics never deliberately set out to draw attention to themselves. They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary. This invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the dull routine of everyday life.Up to the time of his death, Richard Colson was one of the most notable figures in our town.

知识点：

单词：

eccentric /ɪkˈsen.trɪk/ adj.

两种英英释义：

1.strange or unusual, sometimes in a humorous way

2.behave in a strange way, and have habits or opinions that are different from those of most people.

→eccentricity /ˌeksenˈtrisiti / n.

deliberately 英 /dɪˈlɪb.ər.ət.li/ 美 /dɪˈlɪb.ɚ.ət.li/

1.intentionally

• eg. I am sure he says these things deliberately to annoy me.

2.slowly and carefully

• eg. Calmly and deliberately, she cut up his suits one by one.

3.deliberately在本文中充当方式状语。

disregard /ˌdisriˈgɑːd /

英英：ignore it or do not take account of it

辨析disregard, neglect, ignore, overlook

neglect /ni'glekt/ 指不管是有意还是无意地疏忽了理应做到的事，如不小心忽略可用此词。名词仍是 neglect

• eg. Young people should on no account neglect their daily physical exercises.

  青年人决不应疏忽每天的体育锻炼。

• eg. I must warn you that you are neglecting your work these days.

  我必须提醒你，你最近工作有所松懈。

• eg. A little neglect may breed great mischief

  一失足成千古恨

disregard和ignore都是主观上不理会，视而不见听而不闻。

disregard 常指明明看见、明明知道，或经考虑后仍不重视，含“不理”、 “不顾”之意。名词仍为disregard

• eg. When a guy really likes you, he'll disregard all your bad characteristics.

  如果一个男孩真的爱你,他会忽视你所有的缺点。

• eg. This is an inevitable consequence of his disregard of our advice.

  这是他无顾我们的忠告的个必然结果。

ignore 本意是“不理睬”，表示“忽视”时语气比disregard强，指故意不予理睬，根本不当一回事。注意名词ignorance没有“忽视”的意思，而是 “无知”、“不知道”。

• eg. The driver ignored the danger sign and met with an accident at last.

  这位司机无视危险的信号，最终出了事故。

overlook 指因习以为常或事情太小、不重要而没有充分重视造成的忽视。

• eg. These details are trival but important. You can’t afford to overlook them.

  这些细节很繁琐但很重要的。你千万不能起忽视它们。

• eg. Your calculations are wrong because you overlooked one minor point. You’ll have to calculate it again.

  你的计算是错误的，因为你忽略了一个小的细节。你必须重新计算一遍。

convention /kənˈvenʃn/

n.集会，会议；参会代表；（社会）习俗，惯例；（国际间）协定，公约；（对立或交战指挥官的）停战协议，停火协议

1.

辨析convention, tradition, custom, institution

convention 习俗，惯例，国际公约；指某个社会群体均认可的行为原则。是被大多数人所认同，约定俗成的东西。包括当下的社会共识；不表达传统、历史延续的意思。

考虑到convention 也指“公约”，所以它的意思就很明显了：大家达成的一致。这个“一致”可以是非书面的，如社会共识，即惯例，也可以是“国际公约”这类的书面共识。所以，如果表达“打破惯例”这类意思，用convention。

tradition 传统，经历了千百年生活沉淀而形成的生活习惯。更强调历史，一代传一代。

tradition 可以被看做是很长时间的convention，或者说过去的convention。“打破传统，反对因循守旧”用tradition。

custom 风俗，习俗；指某个社会群体的在某个地区所特有的生活习惯。比tradition更具象，一定是指某种传统的活动、仪式、行为方式等。不包括传统思想、传统信仰这些精神层面的意义。还可指个体的惯例。

• eg. 试区别：

  the custom of shaking hands

  the tradition by which the bridegroom places the wedding ring on the finger of his bride

institution 习俗，指某个社会群体共同遵守的重要传统。

• eg. Local residents are strictly kept in the institutions of marriage and the family.

2.

辨析meeting, conference, convention, rally, summit 各种会议

meeting 普通用词，词义广泛。指一般性的会议，可用于任何场合。

an occasion when people meet in order to discuss something: a business meeting.

eg. Mr Bell is in a meeting.

eg. The committee will hold another meeting Wednesday.

conference 正式用词，指集合在一起进行讨论、交换意见较正式的会议，一般指较大的会议。

an organized event, especially one that continues for several days, at which a lot of people meet to discuss a particular subject and hear speeches about it

eg. Didn’t you give a talk at the conference last year?

eg. a conference of women business leaders woman leader

convention 指社会团体或政党为了某一特殊目的而召开的大会。

a large formal meeting of people who belong to a political party, or to an organization of people with the same interests:

eg. the Democratic Party Convention

eg. a convention for Star Trek

rally /ˈræli/

a large public meeting, especially one that is held outdoors to support or protest about something:

eg. There was a massive peace rally in London.

summit

a meeting between government leaders from important and powerful countries, to discuss important

matters:

eg. A summit meeting of OPEC leaders was called to find a solution to the oil crisis.

eg. next week’s economic summit

invariably 英 /ɪnˈveə.ri.ə.bli/ 美 /ɪnˈver.i.ə.bli/

1.always 始终如一地，一贯地

• eg. The train is invariably late.

词组：

set out to do sth. 打算，开始，着手做某事

=start trying to do sth

其他：

1.动身，启程

2.(清晰而有条理地)陈述，阐述，说明

If you set out a number of facts, beliefs, or arguments, you explain them in writing or speech in a clear, organized way.

• eg. He has written a letter to The Times setting out his views...

  他已经给《泰晤士报》去信阐明自己的观点。

3.安排;摆放;陈列 If you set things out, you arrange or display them somewhere.

• eg. Set out the cakes attractively, using lacy doilies.

  铺上网眼垫纸，将蛋糕摆得诱人些。

draw attention to

以下短语都可表示“吸引对…的注意”:

draw attention to

capture attention to

attract attention to

hold attention to

catch attention to

receive attention to

win sb sth=win sth for sb 为sb赢得sth

后面不接enemy敌人，opponent对手，difficulty困难等宾语，因win没有“打败”之意，可以用triumph over/overcome等

只是表示“赢得”，宾语可以用war，battle，victory

up to表示“直到”，后面既可接时间，也可接空间，表示时间或空间的延伸，又可接其他词或短语。

• eg. Up to the war, she had never lived alone.

• eg. She went straight up to the door.

句式：

…without being conscious that… 做……意识不到……

add colour to the dull routine of everyday life …为单调的日常生活增添色彩

精妙翻译：

This invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the dull routine of everyday life.

他们总能赢得别人的喜爱与尊敬，因为他们给平淡单一的日常生活增添了色彩。

• add colour to the dull life翻成“给平淡的生活增添了色彩”很有文采 自己写文也可以多借鉴。

DAY132

L31-2: A lovable eccentric

He was a shrewd and wealthy businessman, but most people in the town hardly knew anything about this side of his life. He was known to us all as Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died. Dickie disliked snobs intensely. Though he owned a large car, he hardly ever used it, preferring always to go on foot. Even when it was raining heavily, he refused to carry an umbrella.

知识点：

单词：

shrewd 英 /ʃruːd/ 美 /ʃrud/

1.adj. 精明的；狡猾的；机灵的

2.n. 精明（的人）；机灵（的人）

legendary 英 /ˈledʒəndri/ 美 /ledʒəndəri/

传奇般的，家喻户晓的；传说中的，古老传奇中的

snob 英 /snɒb/ 美 /snɑb/

n. 势利小人，势利眼；假内行

精妙翻译：

Though he owned a large car, he hardly ever used it, preferring always to go on foot.

• 尽管他有一辆豪华小轿车，但却很少使用，常常喜欢以步代车。

• prefer to go on foot翻成“以步代车”很有味道

DAY133

L31-3: A lovable eccentric

One day, he walked into an expensive shop after having been caught in a particularly heavy shower. He wanted to buy a ￡300 watch for his wife, but he was in such a bedraggled condition that an assistant refused to serve him. Dickie left the shop without a word and returned carrying a large cloth bag. As it was extremely heavy, he dumped it on the counter.

知识点：

单词：

bedraggle 英 /bɪ'dræɡl/ 美 /bɪ'drægl/

1.vt. 拖脏；弄湿

2.vi. 弄湿；弄脏

词组：

get/be caught in a shower/rain/storm/traffic jam, … 遭遇……

serve sb

• 意思是“为某人服务”，请特别注意，不可想当然地错用成serve for sb.。

dump sth.on

• 意思是“把某物重重地砸在…上”。

长难句、语法：

He wanted to buy a 300 watch for his wife, but he was in such a bedraggled condition that an assistant refused to serve him.

• 但店员见他浑身泥水的样子，竟不肯接待他。

• that引导结果状语从句，such a bedraggled condition指明原因，that从句说明结果是什么。　　

精妙翻译：

1.One day, he walked into an expensive shop after having been caught in a particularly heavy shower.

一天，他遇上一场瓢泼大雨，淋得透湿。他走进一家高级商店，要为妻子买一块价值300英镑的手表。

• be caught in a heavy shower 不能直译“被赶上了瓢泼大雨”，反而应理解为“遇到瓢泼大雨”。

2.but he was in such a bedraggled condition that an assistant refused to serve him.

但店员见他浑身泥水的样子，竟不肯接待他。

• 此处把迪基被动式的he was in such a bedraggled condition翻成店员的主动式的“店员见他浑身泥水的样子”，非常精妙。

• 还把refused to serve翻成“竟不肯接待”，强调出店员竟然因为客人这样的状态就不接待，有一个不赞成的意味在里面。

DAY134

L31-4: A lovable eccentric

The assistant asked him to leave, but Dickie paid no attention to him and requested to see the manager. Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and reprimanded the assistant severely. When Dickie was given the watch, he presented the assistant with the cloth bag. It contained ￡300 in pennies. He insisted on the assistant's counting the money before he left——30,000 pennies in all!

知识点：

单词：

apologetic/ə,pɑlə'dʒɛtɪk/

1.adj. 道歉的,抱歉的;惭愧的;愧悔的;辩解的,辩护的

2.n. (为事业、信仰等所作的)辩护(书)

3.adv. 抱歉地

• apologetic flower: 道歉鲜花

• feel apologetic: 负疚

4.apologetic内心真的愧疚，apologize指做了道歉的动作，内心怎么想不知道

reprimand /'rɛprɪmænd/

1.n. 训斥, 惩戒

2.vt. 申斥, 惩戒, 谴责

• 同义短语：pick apart 把…撕碎；严厉批评

词组：

pay no attention to sb 不理睬某人

• pay attention to sth 注意某事

request to do sth 要求做某事

present sb with sth 给某人某物

insist on one's doing sth 坚持让某人某事

in all 总共

长难句、语法：

Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and reprimanded the assistant severely.

经理认出了这位顾客，表示了深深的歉意，还严厉地训斥了店员。

• recognizing who the customer was，现在分词作状语。

• sb is most apologetic 某人感到非常抱歉

• most在这里修饰apologetic，因为没有the不是最高级用法，只是adv，起到加强语气的作用，相当于very

He insisted on the assistant's counting the money before he left——30,000 pennies in all!

insist on +动名词短语

• 动名词短语有逻辑主语，前面可加名词或代词，有时必须是宾格，有时必须是所有格，有时可以是2者中任意一个。

• 逻辑主语是2个以上时，不加‘s。

精妙翻译：

Dickie paid no attention to him and requested to see the manager.

迪基置之不理，并要求见经理。

• 置之不理，翻得好

DAY135

L31-5: A lovable eccentric

On another occasion, he invited a number of important critics to see his private collection of modern paintings. This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, for though the pictures were supposed to be the work of famous artists, they had in fact been painted by Dickie. It took him four years to stage this elaborate joke simply to prove that critics do not always know what they are talking about.

知识点：

单词：

elaborate 英 /ɪ'læb(ə)rət/ 美 /ɪ'læbəret/

1.adj. 精心制作的；详尽的；煞费苦心的

2.vt. 精心制作；详细阐述；从简单成分合成（复杂有机物）

elaborate joke的意思是“精心设计的闹剧”。

• 相关短语总结:

elaborate account 详尽的记述

elaborate description 详尽的描述

词组：

invite sb.to do sth

• 意思是“邀请某人做某事”。注意本句中的see不作“看”来理解，而应因素为“参观，观摩”。

be supposed to

• 意思是“被当作”(但实际上不是)，常用来表示应该发生的事与实际发生事情的对比。

长难句、语法：

This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, for though the pictures were supposed to be the work of famous artists, they had in fact been painted by Dickie.

这次展览引起报界广泛注意，因为这些画名义上是名家的作品，事实上是迪基自己画的。

• for引导原因状语从句，常指事后想到的原因，追加说明的原因，功能类似中文写作中放在（）中的说明性文字。

• for的原因状语从句里面又含有一个though引导的让步状语从句。In fact是状语，起强调作用。

精妙翻译：

It took him four years to stage this elaborate joke simply to prove that critics do not always know what they are talking about.

他花了4年时间策划这出精心设计的闹剧，只是想证明评论家们有时并不解他们所谈论的事情。

• elaborate joke翻成精心设计的闹剧，既强调出这场闹剧的策划是费时费力的，又说明再如何精心也不过一场笑话，强化主人公这个行为的奇葩。