Week 28
DAY136
L32-1: A lost ship
The salvage operation had been a complete failure. The small ship, Elkor, which had been searching the Barents Sea for weeks, was on its way home. A radio message from the mainland had been received by the ship's captain instructing him to give up the search. The captain knew that another attempt would be made later, for the sunken ship he was trying to find had been carrying a precious cargo of gold bullion.
知识点：
单词：
salvage/ˈsælvɪdʒ/
1.n. the rescue of a wrecked or disabled ship or its cargo from loss at sea. 抢救，营救；抢救出的物品
the cargo saved from a wrecked or sunken ship.
the rescue of property or material from potential loss or destruction.
payment made or due to a person who has saved a ship or its cargo. 救难的奖金
eg. The salvage operation went on. 抢救行动继续进行
eg. They climbed up on the rock with their salvage. 他们带着抢救出来的物品爬上岩石。
2.v. rescue (a wrecked or disabled ship or its cargo) from loss at sea. 营救，抢救
retrieve or preserve (something) from potential loss or adverse circumstances.
eg. The team's first task was to decide what equipment could be salvaged. 该队的首要任务是决定可以抢救哪些设备。
the Barents Sea/ˈberənts/
cargo（BrE）/ˈkɑː(r)ɡəʊ/（NAmE）/ˈkɑrɡoʊ/
1.goods carried on a ship, aircraft, or motor vehicle.
（轮船、飞机等所装卸的）货物
eg. The boat calls at the main port to load its regular cargo of bananas. 船停靠这个主要港口以装卸其常规货物——香蕉 eg. cargo plane货运飞机
bullion（BrE）/ˈbʊliən/（NAmE）/ˈbʊljən/
1.gold or silver in bulk before coining, or valued by weight. 金条，银条
eg. gold bullion
2.ornamental braid or fringing made with twists of gold or silver thread. eg. bullion cords 缨穗细绳
词组：
a lost ship 沉船
salvage operation 打捞工作
on its way home 返航途中
a precious cargo of gold bullion 一批珍贵的金条
句式：
be received by sb/ with
to react to (something) in a specified way) 对……作出反应；回应
eg. The resolution had been received with great disappiontment within the PLO ...
巴解组织内部对决议表现出极大失望。
eg. The proposals have been well received by many deputies.
这些提议在许多代表中反响不错。
长难句、语法：
A radio message from the mainland had been received by the ship's captain instructing him to give up the search.
A radio message 是主语，from the mainland 是介词短语作定语，had been received过去完成时被动语态 作 谓语， by the ship's captain ，介词短语作状语,强调动作由谁来做， instructing him to give up the search 最后的分词短语作状语。
... for the sunken ship he was trying to find had been carrying a precious cargo of gold bullion.
for作“因为”讲，引导并列句；he was trying to find 是定语从句修饰主句 ship.。
精妙翻译：
The salvage operation had been a complete failure.
打捞工作彻底失败了。（a complete failure带形容词的名词翻译成带副词的动词）
A radio message from the mainland had been received by the ship's captain instructing him to give up the search.
返航前，该船长收到了大陆上发来的电报，指示他们放弃这次搜寻。（根据上一句，翻译多了原文没有的“返航前”，句子是被动的，翻译时要翻成主动）
摘要写作：
The salvage operation which lasted for weeks had been proved to a failure. A radio message had been received by captain instructing him to stop the search.
DAY137
L32-2: A lost ship
Despite the message, the captain of the Elkor decided to try once more. The sea bed was scoured with powerful nets and there was tremendous excitement on board when a chest was raised from the bottom. Though the crew were at first under the impression that the lost ship had been found, the contents of the chest proved them wrong. What they had in fact found was a ship which had been sunk many years before.
知识点：
单词：
scour/ˈskaʊə/
1.v. clean or brighten the surface of (something) by rubbing it hard, typically with an abrasive or detergent. 擦净，擦亮
remove (dirt or unwanted matter) by scouring.
(of water or a watercourse) make (a channel or pool) by flowing quickly over something and removing soil or rock.
eg. She scoured the cooker.
2.n. the action of scouring or the state of being scoured, especially by swift-flowing water.
四处搜索，细查
an act of rubbing something hard to clean or brighten it.
eg. Rescue crews had scoured an area of 30 square miles ...
救援人员已经搜遍了30平方英里的范围。
chest/tʃɛst/
1.the front surface of a person's or animal's body between the neck and the stomach. 胸部，胸腔
OPP→ breast
the whole of a person's upper trunk, especially as considered with reference to their respiratory health or to their size of clothes. 胸围
eg. Her heart was pounding in her chest. 她的心在胸口怦怦直跳。
eg. chest pain/infection/injury
eg. He collapsed with severe chest pains. 他胸口剧痛，昏倒在地。
2.a large strong box, typically made of wood and used for storage or transport. 大箱子
a small cabinet for medicines, toiletries, etc. 药箱
the treasury or financial resources of some institutions. 金库
eg. an oak chest eg. the medicine chest eg. the university chest
词组：
try once more 再试一试
powerful net 结实的网
be under the impression that 以为，认为
句式：
though the crew were at first under the impression that ...
船员们开始认为……
精妙翻译：
... there was tremendous excitement on board when a chest was raised from the bottom.
当一只箱子从海底被打捞上来时，甲板上人们激动不已（原文中excitement没有说出动作的发出者是谁，译文将其补充出来）
摘要写作：
The captain neglected the message and searched once more. They found a ship, but it had been sunk long time ago.
DAY138
L32-3: A lost ship
The chest contained the personal belongings of a seaman, AlanFielding. There were books, clothing and photographs ,together with letters which the seaman had once received from his wife. The captain of the Elkor ordered his men to salvage as much as possible from the wreck. Nothing of value was found, but the numerous items which were brought to the surface proved to be of great interest.
知识点：
单词：
photograph 美/ˈfoʊtəˌɡræf/ 英/ˈfəʊtəˌɡrɑːf/
1.n. a picture produced using a camera 照片
eg. a colour/black-and-white photograph 彩色照片/黑白照片
2.v. to take a picture using a camera 照相
eg. I prefer photographing people rather than places.相比照地方我更喜欢照人。
photograph well/badly：to appear attractive/unattractive in photographs 上相/不上相
wreck /rek/
1.n. a vehicle or ship that has been destroyed or badly damaged 车祸，沉船，严重损毁的船
eg. He was killed in a car wreck.
Divers exploring the wreck managed to salvage some coins and jewellery.
2.n. [informal] someone who is in bad physical or mental condition 精疲力竭的人，身体状况极差的人
eg. The stress she had been under at work reduced her to a nervous wreck.
3.v. to destroy or badly damage something 破坏，毁掉
eg. The explosion shattered nearby windows and wrecked two cars.
辨析break, destory, ruin, wreck, damage, spoil
break: separate into pieces as a result of a blow, shock, or strain. 普通用词，指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破坏，可指有形或无形的破坏。
destroy: end the existence of (something) by damaging or attacking it. 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。
ruin: the physical destruction or disintegration of something or the state of disintegrating or being destroyed. 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性，也可用于引申意义。
wreck: 侧重指船只、车辆、房屋等受到严重破坏或完全毁坏，也可指计划、健康受到损害。
damage: inflict physical harm on (something) so as to impair its value, usefulness, or normal function. 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果。
spoil: diminish or destroy the value or quality of. 强调不仅会削弱力量、精力或价值，而且会导致不可避免的毁灭。
词组：
personal belongings 私人财物
together with 以及
nothing of value 没什么值钱的东西
numerous items 众多的物品
be of great interest 很有趣
句式：
There were ..., ... and ..., together with ...
其中有……，……，……以及……
精妙翻译：
The chest contained the personal belongings of a seaman, Alan Fieldings. There were books, clothings and photographs,together with letters which the seaman had once received from his wife.
木箱内装有水手艾伦·菲尔丁的私人财物，其中有书籍、衣服、照片以及水手收到的妻子的来信。（两句英文翻译成一句中文，第二句英文解释前面的belongings）
……, but the numerous items which were brought to the surface proved to be of great interest.
不过打捞出来的众多的物品还是引起了大家极大的兴趣 （were brought to the surface这个短语是“打捞出来”的意思，prove的翻译在这里也要格外注意，结合后面的“兴趣”翻译成“引起”）
摘要写作：
The chest contained lots of items which were not valuable, but still attracted people's attention.
DAY139
L32-4: A lost ship
From a heavy gun that was raised, the captain realized that the ship must have been a cruiser. In another chest,which contained the belongings of a ship's officer, there was an unfinished letter which had been written on March 14th, 1943. The captain learnt from the letter that the name of the lost ship was the Karen. The most valuable find of all was the ship's log book, parts of which it was still possible tor ead.
知识点：
单词：
cruiser / 'kruːzə /
n . 巡洋舰/游艇/警车
log /lɒɡ/
1.n.木柴; 原木
eg. He dumped the logs on the big stonehearth.
2.日志
eg. The family made an official complaint to a ship's officer, which was recorded in the log.
这家人向一位高级船员提出过正式投诉，此事记入了航行日志。
3.v.把…载入日志
eg. They log everyone and everything that comes in and out of here.
他们把在这里出入的人和发生的事都记入日志。
词组：
log book 航海日志
the name of 名字是……
be possible to
辨析be likely to, be probably to, be possible to
likely的主语是人，如he is likely to come；而其他两个主语是物，且probably的可能性大于possible
句式：
情态动词 must be,can be/must have been,can have been等一系列的词
must表示推测时只能用于肯定句中，表示说话人自己相信某事现在是事实，可译为“肯定，一定”。若表示某事不是事实，要用can't(不可能)，不能用must not.
eg. The two conflicting messages cannot possibly be true.这两条相互矛盾的消息不可能都是真的。
注意：can表示实际可能性一般用在疑问句和否定句中。
eg. -Can it be your mother?
-No，it can't be her. Itmay be my father.
“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。
eg. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。
eg. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.
“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。
eg. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out?
长难句、语法：
From a heavy gun that was raised, the captain realized that the ship must have been a cruiser.
that was raised是定语从句，修饰gun。后面分句中的that引导宾语从句，交代realised的内容。must have been不表示对现在情况的推测，而是对过去情况的推测。
In another chest, which contained the belongings of a ship's officer, there was an unfinished letter which had been written on March 14th, 1943.
句子结构分析: 第一个which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰chest。第二个which引导定语从句，修饰letter。
The captain learnt from the letter that the name of the lost ship was the Karen.
这句话的主体结构是“learn from…+宾语从句”。
The most valuable find of all was theship's log book, parts of which it was still possible to read.
which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰log book。后半句改写为正常语序就是it was still possible to read parts of the log book.
精妙翻译：
In another chest, which contained the belongings of a ship's officer, there was an unfinished letter which had been written on March 14th, 1943.
另一只海底沉箱中装的是船上一位军官的财物，其中有一封写于1943年3月14日的信，但没有写完。（从这个句子中可以明显看出限制性和非限制性定语从句的翻译区别）
The most valuable find of all was the ship's log book, parts of which it was still possible to read.
打捞到的东西中最有价值的是船上的航海日志，其中有一部分仍然清晰可读。（find在这里是名词，指打捞起的有价值的东西，possible to read翻译成“清晰可读”，可能即清晰，be possible to用得很巧妙，表示有可能性，要学习这种表达！）
摘要写作：
In the chest, the captain found the belongings of a ship's officer and the ship's log book, which revealed the identity of the ship.
DAY140
L32-5: A lost ship
From this the captain was able to piece together all the information that had come to light. The Karen had been sailing in a convoy to Russia when she was torpedoed by an enemy submarine. This was later confirmed by a naval official at the Ministry of Defence after the Elkor had returned home. All the items that were found were sent to the War Museum.
知识点：
单词：
convoy/ˈkɒnvɔɪ/
1.n. a group of ships or vehicles travelling together, typically one accompanied by armed troops, warships, or other vehicles for protection. 车队，舰队
eg. They travel in convoy with armed guards. 他们的车队在武装警卫的护送下行进。
2.v. (of a warship or armed troops) accompany (a group of ships or vehicles) for protection. 护送，护卫，为……护航
eg. He ordered the combined fleet to convoy troops to Naples. 他命令联合舰队将军队护送到那不勒斯。
torpedo/tɔːˈpiːdəʊ/
1.v. attack or sink (a ship) with a torpedo or torpedoes. 用鱼雷袭击（或击中、击沉）
destroy or ruin (a plan or project). 破坏
eg. More than a thousand people died when the Lusitania was torpedoed. 卢西塔尼亚号被鱼雷击沉，导致1,000多人死亡。
2.n. a cigar-shaped self-propelled underwater missile designed to be fired from a ship or submarine or dropped into the water from an aircraft and to explode on reaching a target. 鱼雷，水雷 3.n. an electric ray 电鳐；a railway fog signal 雷管，引爆装置
submarine（BrE）/sʌbməˈriːn/（NAmE） /ˈsʌbməriːn/
1.a warship with a streamlined hull designed to operate completely submerged in the sea for long periods, equipped with a periscope and typically armed with torpedoes or missiles. 潜艇
a submersible craft of any kind.
eg. a nuclear submarine 核潜艇
2.existing, occurring, or used under the surface of the sea. eg. submarine volcanic activity 海底火山活动
naval/ˈneɪv(ə)l/
1.relating to a navy or navies. 海军的
eg. naval base 海军基地
ministry/ˈmɪnɪstri/
1.(in certain countries) a government department headed by a minister. （政府的）部 eg. a spokesman for the Agriculture Ministry 农业部发言人 2.the work or vocation of a minister of religion. 圣职，神职 eg. His ministry is among the poor. 他是穷人的牧师。
词组：
piece together/ piece ... together ... 综合，拼凑
come to light 被搞清，被知道
come to a head（时机、事件等）成熟，逼近严重关头 come to an end 结束 come to heel 紧跟着 come to blows 互殴 come to pieces 粉碎
sail in a convoy 护航
a naval official 海军官员
the Ministry of Defence 国防部
句式：
this was later confirmed by ...
这一说法之后得到……的证实
精妙翻译：
From this the captain was able to piece together all the information that had come to light.
据此，船长可以将所有的那些已经搞清的材料拼凑起来。（from this翻译成“据此”，简洁）
摘要写作：
From the log book the captain learned that the Karen was torpedoed by the enemy. Later, all the items were sent to the War Museum.
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