Week 31

DAY151

Lesson35-1:Justice was done

The word justice is usually associated with courts of law. We might say that justice has been done when a man's innocence or guilt has been proved beyond doubt. Justice is part of the complex machinery of the law. Those who seek it, undertake an arduous journey and can never be sure that they will find it. Judges, however wise or eminent, are human and can make mistakes.

知识点：

单词：

justice/ˈdʒʌstis / 正义，公正；司法

词缀：just-正义，正当

just 公平的，正直的；正好，刚刚

injustice 不公正，不公平

justify 证明为正当

justifiable 正当的；unjustifiable 不正当的

do sb. justice/do justice to sb. 公平对待sb

bring sb. to justice 把某人绳之于法

arduous 英/ˈɑːdjuəs/美 /ˈɑːrdʒuəs / 艰苦的，艰难的

undertake /ˌʌndəˈteik/ formal

1.承担，着手做（to make yourself responsible for sth and start doing it）

2.承诺，应允，答应（to agree or promise）

词组：

courts of law 法庭

law / the law 指司法界，法律行业

there's no law against sth (informal) used to tell sb who is criticizing you that you are not doing anything wrong (对付批评自己的人)谁也管不着

• eg. I'll sing if I want to—there's no law against it.

我想唱就唱 —— 谁也管不着。

the law of the jungle 丛林法则，弱肉强食

the idea that people who care only about themselves will be most likely to succeed in a society or organization

• eg. We hope for a world where the rule of law, not the law of the jungle, governs the conduct of nations.

我们期盼一个以法律制度而不是丛林法则来规范各国行为的世界。

on the law of averages 根据平均律

The law of averages is the idea that something is sure to happen at some time, because of the number of times it generally happens or is expected to happen.

• eg. The law of averages says we’ll win at least once.

be a law unto himself/herself etc

to behave in an independent way and not worry about the usual rules of behaviour or what other people do or think:

• eg. Boys his age are a law unto themselves.

take the law into your own hands

to do something illegal in order to put right something that you think is not fair, for example by violently punishing someone instead of telling the police:

• eg. vigilantes who take the law into their own hands

go to law

to go to court in order to settle a problem:

• eg. the right of consumers to go to law if they need to

be above the law

someone who is above the law does not have to obey the law:

• eg. He considered himself above the law.

there ought to be a law against something

(spoken) used to say that you do not think something should be accepted or allowed:

• eg. There ought to be a law against cutting off power supplies in the middle of February.

sb’s word is law sb的话是金科玉律

used to say that someone is always obeyed without argument

• eg. (humorous)Kate's word was law in the Brown household.

凯特的话在布朗家就是金科玉律。

complex machinery of the law

the law

1.法律总称，不可数。

2.公安机关和公安人员的总称，美国口语中指警察，单复数同形一致。

eg. Don't open the door—it might be the law.

别开门，可能是警察。

the laws of n. 活动或组织的规章，条例，规则

beyond doubt 毫无疑问

可加all强调：beyond all doubt, all作强调

• eg. What he said is absolutely true；it is beyond all doubt.

  他讲的绝对真实，毋庸置疑。

句式：

The word/phrase … is usually associated with sth sth……这个词通常与sth 连在一起/相联系

we might say that ... when ... 当……时，我们也许会说……

长难句、语法：

Judges, however wise or eminent, are human and can make mistakes.

however作从属连词，引导让步状语从句。

• however+S+V，however直接修饰动词

• however+adj.+S+V，however修饰adj，后面的S&V有时省略，比如原文Judges, however wise or eminent they are, are human and can make mistakes.

精妙翻译：

Justice is part of the complex machinery of the law. Those who seek it, undertake an arduous journey and can never be sure that they will find it.

正义是复杂的法律机器组成部分。那些寻求正义的人走的是一条崎岖的道路，从来没有把握他们最终将找到正义。

仿写：

Love is part of the complex machinery of human nature. Those who seek it, undertake an arduous journey and can never be sure that they will find it.

爱是我们人性中复杂的一部分。那些寻求爱的人走在漫漫长路上，从来没有把握他们最终将找到。

DAY152

Lesson35-2:Justice was done

There are rare instances when justice almost ceases to be an abstract conception. Reward or punishment are meted out quite independent of human interference. At such times, justice acts like a living force. When we use a phrase like "it serves him right", we are, in part, admitting that a certain set of circumstances has enabled justice to act of its own accord.

知识点：

单词：

interference /ˌintəˈfiərəns/ 干扰

circumstance 英/ˈsəːkəmstəns; -stɑːns; -stæns/ 美/ˈsəːrkəmstæns / 条件，环境，状况

in/under the(no) circumstances 既然如此，在这种情况下(决不，无论如何不)

• eg. Don't open the door, in any circumstances.

在任何情况下都不要开门。

词组：

☆cease to do 不再做……旧式用法，较正式场合，现在多用stop代替；表示状态、存在等缓慢、逐渐地停止。

abstract conception 抽象概念

opp→concrete/ ˈkɔŋkriːt ; NAmE ˈkɑːŋ-/ 确实的；具体的；有形的

mete out 把……给予，把……分配，处置

1.正式表达，宾语通常是justice或punishiment这种单词

• eg. His father meted out punishment with a slipper.

  他父亲用一只拖鞋进行惩罚。

2.注意发音同meet

be independent of sth 不受……；与……无关

注意dependent跟介词on连用，而independent与of连用

in part 在某种程度上，部分地

（加强语气）在很大程度上，大部分地：in large/great part

a certain set of 某些特定的

sth of its own accord/sb of one's own accord 自愿地，自动地，不借助外力的

• eg. In many cases the disease will clear up of its own accord.

  这种病很多情况下会自愈。

句式：

There are rare instances when… 在个别情况下……

=occasionally

be meted out independent of human interference 完全不受人的干预

it serves him right. 他罪有应得。

☆sth. serve one's right 活该；罪有应得

When we use a phrase like “…”， we are doing … 当我们说……这句话的时候，我们（是在做）……

a certain set of circumstances has enabled sb to do sth 某种特定的环境使得sb做sth

长难句、语法：

1.Reward or punishment are meted out quite independent of human interference.

quite independent of human interference,adj短语做方式状语。

如All men are created equal. equal是adj，做created的方式状语

=All men are equal when they are created.

因此，All reward or punishment are quite independent of human interference when they are meted out.

2.At such times, justice acts like a living force.

like，as…as，明喻修辞。

精妙翻译：

全段翻译都很精妙。

There are rare instances when justice almost ceases to be an abstract conception.

在个别情况下，正义不再是一种抽象概念。

Reward or punishment are meted out quite independent of human interference.

奖惩的实施是不受人意志支配的。

At such times, justice acts like a living force.

在这种时候，正义像一种有生命的力量行使其职能。（增补）

When we use a phrase like "it serves him right", we are, in part, admitting that a certain set of circumstances has enabled justice to act of its own accord.

当我们说“他罪有应得”这句话的时候，我们部分承认了某种特定的环境使得正义自动地起了作用。

DAY153

Lesson35-3:Justice was done

When a thief was caught on the premises of a large jewellery store one morning, the shop assistants must have found it impossible to resist the temptation to say 'it serves him right'. The shop was an old converted house with many large, disused fireplaces and tall, narrow chimneys. Towards midday, a girl heard a muffled cry coming from behind one of the walls. As the cry was repeated several times, she ran to tell the manager who promptly rang up the fire brigade.

知识点：

单词：

premise/ˈpremis/

单数n.（可数） 前提 a premise that… （formal）

复数n.（企业或机构使用的）房屋及土地；经营场所；办公场所 on the premises

temptation / temp'teɪʃ(ə)n/

n.引诱；诱惑 the desire to do or have sththat you know is bad or wrong

• eg. fall into temptation

  陷入诱惑，受诱惑

• eg. lead a person intotemptation

  使某人陷入诱惑

disused / dɪs'juzd /

adj. 不再使用的；废弃的 no longer used

• eg. They held an exhibition in a disused warehouse.

  他们在一个废旧仓库举办了一场展览。

fireplace 壁炉，火炉

midday /ˌmidˈdei /中午，正午（中午12点前后的一段时间）

=noon，noonday，twelve o'clock

a midday meal 午餐

brigade/briˈgeid / 旅；（有共同点，热衷于某一信念或主题）伙帮派

fire brigade =（英国）fire department 消防队；消防队员

词组：

on the premises在店内/ 室内/楼内

an old converted house 一座老式的、经过改造的房子

convert v.改造，改建（房屋等）

此处用法-ed：改造过的

heard a muffled cry 听见一种闷声闷气的叫声

muffled / ˈmʌfld /

1.(穿许多厚衣服把自己的身体和脸)裹起来的，包住的 If you are muffled, you are wearing a lot of heavy clothes so that very little of your body or face is visible.

• eg. ...children muffled in scarves and woolly hats.

  裹着围巾，戴着毛线帽的孩子们

2.If you are muffled up, you are wearing a lot of heavy clothes so that very little of your body or face is visible.裹住的；包住的

• eg. All the women were muffled up in several layers of clothing.

  所有的女士都裹了好几层衣服。

3.adj. (of sounds 声音)

not heard clearly because sth is in the way that stops the sound from travelling easily

沉闷的；压抑的；模糊不清的

• eg. muffled voices from the next room

  从隔壁房间里传来的沉闷声音

句式：

impossible to resist the temptation to say 禁不住要说

情不自禁做……

can't help doing sth

It is difficult not to be tempted

sb could hardly resist the temptation to do

sb found it impossible to resist the temptation to do

精妙翻译：

When a thief was caught on the premises of a large jewellery store one morning, the shop assistants must have found it impossible to resist the temptation to say 'it serves him right'.

一天上午，当一个小偷在一家大型珠宝店里被人抓住的时候，店员一定会忍不住说：“他罪有应得。”

she ran to tell the manager who promptly rang up the fire brigade.

她跑去报告经理，经理当即给消防队挂了电话。

虽然是who引导的定语从句修饰manager，但是很自然地把从句转换成了中文习惯中的2个句子，并且还含有时间先后的顺序。

DAY154

Lesson35-4:Justice was done

The cry had certainly come from one of the chimneys, but as there were so many of them, the fire fighters could not be certain which one it was. They located the right chimney by tapping at the walls and listening for the man's cries. After chipping through a wall which was eighteen inches thick, they found that a man had been trapped in the chimney.

知识点：

词组：

tap at

tap 轻敲，轻叩，轻拍

1.n. 龙头

• eg. a tap on the door 敲门声

on tap可随时取饮（tap龙头）→可随时使用，可轻松获取

• eg. The advantage of group holidays is company on tap but time alone if you want it.

  团体度假的好处在于，要找人陪伴非常容易，想要独处也行。

2.打拍子

tap your fingers/feet

fingers/feet tap 用……轻轻叩击

tap (into) sth

3.to make use of a source of energy, knowledge, etc. that already exists

利用，开发，发掘(已有的资源、知识等)

• eg. We need to tap the expertise of the people we already have.

  我们需要利用我们现有人员的专业知识。

• eg. The movie seems to tap into a general sentimentality about animals.

  这部电影似乎在激发人们对动物的普遍怜惜之情。

4.用计算机或移动电话敲出，输入

• eg. I tapped out a text message to Mandy.

  我给曼迪发了一条短信。

listen for=listen to+ look for

注意听，等着听，留神听

后面宾语通常是echo，footstep，sound等

chip through凿透

chip

1.n.炸薯条，瓷器缺口/豁口，家居凹坑/瘪儿

2.blue chip蓝筹股

3.v.削掉，凿落（碎片），剥落

4.chipped

• eg. The wagon's paint was badly chipped on the outside...

马车外边油漆斑驳。

• eg. They drank out of chipped mugs.

他们用豁了口的杯子喝酒。

5.a chip off the old block （行为或性格）酷似父亲或母亲

• Her fifth child was born, a son who Sally at first thought was another chip off the old block.

她的第5个孩子降生了，是个儿子;刚开始，萨莉以为这孩子又是跟他父亲一个模子。

6.have a chip on one's shoulder（informal）

to seem angry all the time because you think you have been treated unfairly or feel you are not as good as other people （因觉得受委屈或不如别人优秀而）好生气

• eg. He's got a chip on his shoulder about not having been to university.

他因上不到大学而耿耿于怀。

7.a bargaining chip （谈判中的）筹码，讨价还价的资本

8.When the chips are down, …紧急关头（informal）

• eg. When the chips are down, she's very tough.

关键时刻，她总是很坚强。

句式：

sb could not be certain which one it was 不确定是哪一个

a wall which was … inches thick

…thick……多厚

thick 密集的，茂密的；能见度低的

DAY155

Lesson35-5:Justice was done

As it was extremely narrow, the man was unable to move, but the fire fighters were eventually able to free him by cutting a huge hole in the wall. The sorry-looking, blackened figure that emerged, at once admitted that he had tried to break into the shop during the night but had got stuck in the chimney. He had been there for nearly ten hours. Justice had been done even before the man was handed over to the police.

知识点：

单词：

emerge / iˈməːdʒ /

1.vt. 出现，露出

emerge from（从困境或不好的经历中）摆脱出来，熬出来 If you emerge from a difficult or bad experience, you come to the end of it.

2.vi.（事实或结果）显露，显现，暴露 If a fact or result emerges from a period of thought, discussion, or investigation, it becomes known as a result of it.

eg. The facts behind the scandal are sure to emerge eventually.

丑闻背后的真相最终一定会水落石出。

eg. [+ that] It has emerged that secret talks had been going on between the two companies before the takeover was announced.

现在已经真相大白，原来在接管计划宣布之前，两家公司一直在进行秘密会谈。

3.（机构、行业等）形成，兴起，出现 When something such as an organization or an industry emerges, it comes into existence.

词组：

break into

1.破门而入，闯入（get into … by force）

2.某行为突然开始

break into a laugh/smile

3.成功打入，顺利进入（某行业，尤指很难取得成功的领域） If you break into a profession or area of business, especially one that is difficult to succeed in, you manage to have some success in it.

• eg. She finally broke into films after an acclaimed stage career.

  她在取得舞台生涯的成功后，最终进入电影界发展。

hand over 移交，转交

句式：

have got stuck in sth 被困在sth.里

长难句、语法：

The sorry-looking, blackened figure that emerged, at once admitted that he had tried to break into the shop during the night but had got stuck in the chimney.

S：figure，V：admitted that

那个看来满脸沮丧、浑身漆黑的家伙从烟囱里一出来，就承认头天夜里他企图到店里行窍，但让烟囱卡住了。

精妙翻译：

but the fire fighters were eventually able to free him by cutting a huge hole in the wall.

消防队员在墙上挖了个大洞，才终于把他解救出来。

介词by短语翻译成动作，更符合中文习惯。