Week 15

DAY 71

L18-3：Electric currents in modern art

Oddly shaped forms that are suspended from the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind are quite familiar to everybody. These objects, however, were different. Lined up against the wall, there were long thin wires attached to metal spheres. The spheres had been magnetized and attracted or repelled each other all the time.

知识点：

单词：

oddly /英 ˈɒdli/ /美 ˈɑ:dli/

(strangely,surprisingly)adv.奇怪地，古怪地；奇妙地；额外地，附加地；零碎地，单数地

…, oddly, …

=oddly enough, …甚是奇怪，令人惊讶

=(idiom)funnily enough, …（用于承认情形或事实令人吃惊或奇怪）说来真怪

eg. He said no and seemed oddly reluctant to talk about it.
他说没有，而且奇怪的是似乎不愿谈及此事。
eg. Oddly, Emma says she never considered her face was attractive...
奇怪的是，埃玛说她从来都不认为自己长得好看。
eg. Oddly enough, someone asked me the same question only yesterday.
说来也巧，就在昨天有人问过我同样的问题。
eg. Funnily enough, I was just thinking about you when you called.
真是奇怪了，我刚才正在想你呢，你就打电话过来了。
eg. Funnily enough, I met her only yesterday.
说来也巧，昨天我才碰见了她。
eg. funnily enough, I was starting to like the idea.
说来真怪，我开始喜欢这个主意了。

response /英 rɪˈspɒns/ /美 rɪˈspɑ:ns/ n.反应，响应；（口头或书面的）回答，答复；【宗】（pl.）回应经文，应唱圣歌

1.response to sth

2.there be no response to sth

3.in responseto sth.=in answer to sth.

4.in response

5.positive/favourable/negative response

6.an emotional/angry response

7.receive a response from

eg. There has been no response to his remarks from the government...
政府尚未对他的言论作出回应。
eg. The news provoked an angry response.
这条消息引起了人们的愤怒。
eg. The product was developed in response to customer demand.
这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。

v.→respond

辨析answer, reply, respond, rejoinder, riposte, retort
1.v.answer, reply , respond, get back to sb(inf), rejoin, retort
answer最宽泛，对一切问题做出的action或words都是 answer，及物动词
answer sb/answer sth
应门，接电话的v.只能用answer
reply是answer的陈述形式，一般与answer都作为口语或书面语中回答问题、复信时最通用的动词，不及物，要加to，常带直接引语。
respond少用，较正式
get back to sb以后再答复（回复）sb
eg. I'll find out and get back to you.我查明之后再答复你。
rejoin回答，反驳
retort反驳
2.n.answer, reply, response, rejoinder, riposte, retort, comeback
in answer to=in reply to
response一定是有一个stimulus而做出的的reaction，强调对紧急情况或一系列问题的反应
=In more general use response refers to any answer to an urgent question or appeal, or to a set question
rejoinder(formal)=a reply to a reply, clever and rude反驳
riposte/riˈpɔst/(formal)=brilliant, clever reply机敏的回答，巧妙的反驳
retort(written)=a sharp answer, criticism/quick, angry, humorous reply尖刻反驳/生气或幽默的反驳
comeback=quick answer(clever, funny, rude)

gust /gʌst/ n.风味；一阵狂风；突发的一阵；（感情）迸发；vi.（风）猛刮

1.(N-COUNT) a short, strong, sudden rush of wind一阵强风；一阵狂风

eg. A gust of wind drove down the valley...
一阵狂风刮过山谷。

2.(VERB) When the wind gusts, it blows with short, strong, sudden rushes.猛刮；劲吹

eg. The wind gusted again…
风再次猛烈地刮了起来。

3.(N-COUNT) If you feel a gust of emotion, you feel the emotion suddenly and intensely.（感情的）迸发，爆发

eg. ...a small gust of pleasure.
短暂的一阵欢喜。

familiar /英 fəˈmɪliə(r)/ /美 fəˈmɪljɚ/ adj.熟悉的；通晓的；冒昧的；随便的；n.常客，密友；高级官吏的家属；/天主/教皇/主教/的仆人

1.ADJ-GRADED 熟悉的；熟知的

to look/taste/sound familiar看尝听起来熟悉

sth. be familiar to sb.

eg. Violent attacks are becoming all too familiar (=sadly familiar).
暴力攻击变成了司空见惯的现象。
eg. He talked of other cultures as if they were more familiar to him than his own...
他谈起其他文化时似乎比对他自己的文化还要熟悉。

2.ADJ-GRADED 熟悉；熟知

sb. be familiar with sth

eg. Lesinko is quite familiar with Central Television. He worked there for 25 years...
莱辛科对中央电视台相当熟悉。他在那儿工作了25年。

3.ADJ-GRADED 过分亲昵的;过于随便的;放肆的

sb. be familiar with sb

eg.The children are too familiar with their teacher.
这帮小学生对老师过於随便.
eg. "Gerald, isn't it?" I began familiarly.
“杰拉尔德，是你吧？”我亲昵地开口说道。

attached / əˈtætʃt / adj.附加的，附属的；依恋的；爱慕的；v.贴上，系，附上( attach的过去式和过去分词)；

1.ADJ-GRADED 非常喜欢…的，热爱…的

be attached to sb/sth 依恋，喜欢

eg. She is very attached to her family and friends.
她非常热爱家人和朋友。

2.Attached, you will find…=enclosed随函附上

3.ADJ （通常只是短时间）从属于…的，为…工作的

eg. The research unit is attached to the university.
这个研究单位附属于大学。

3.v→attach

1）v.连，系缚上；系上；贴上

attach sth to sth

eg. We attach labels to things before we file them away...
存档前，我们先贴上标签。

2）v.赋予；认为…有（重要性、价值、意义等）

eg. I don't attach any importance/significance to these rumours.
我不把这些谣传当作一回事。
eg. She attaches great value to being financially independent.
她特别看重经济独立。
eg. The authorities attached much significance to his visit.
当局非常重视他的访问。

3）（通常在有限的时间内）（主动）与…在一起，成为…的成员，参加

attach yourself to sb/sth

eg. Being on his own, he attached himself to a noisy group at the bar.
因为独自一人，他跟酒吧里一群闹哄哄的人搭上了话。

4）附加，附带（条件） If you attach conditions to something such as an agreement, you state that specific things must be done before the agreement is valid.

eg. Activists are pressing the banks to attach political conditions to the signing of any new agreement...
激进分子强烈要求银行在签署任何新协议前要考虑政治条件。

5）（计算机中）附上，粘贴（附件） In computing, if you attach a file to a message that you send to someone, you send it with the message but separate from it.

eg. It is possible to attach executable program files to e-mail.
可以在电子邮件里附上可执行程序文件。

sphere/sfiə(r)/n.球体；界，范围，领域

eg. the political sphere政界
eg. He and I moved in totally different social spheres.
我和他处在完全不同的社会圈子里。

magnetize 英/ ˈmægnətaɪz/ 美/ ˈmæɡnɪˌtaɪz/ vt.迷住;使有磁性;使磁化;紧紧吸引

make sth magnetic/mægˈnetik/

eg. The singer's beautiful voice magnetized the audience.
eg. Cities have a powerful magnetizing effect on young people.
城市对青年人有着强大的吸引力。
eg. a magnetic personality富有魅力的个性

repel/re'pel/vt.排斥

1.-pel: 驱赶

compel强迫；dispel驱散；expel开除，驱逐；propel促进

2.repellent/riˈpelənt/adj.令人厌恶的，防/隔绝……的；n.驱虫剂

eg. The idea was slightly repellent to her.
这个想法有点令她生厌。

词组：

in response to 回答、响应、作出反应。

move in response to a gust of wind（展品）随风而动

be familiar to… 为……所熟悉，通晓

eg. There are faces not familiar to her.有几张面孔她不熟悉。

辨析familiar to, familiar with
familiar to的主语可为人或事物，但宾语只能为人，表示某人或某事物对某人来说是熟悉的意思
eg. Those woods were so familiar to both of them.
他们俩都对那些树林如此熟悉。
familiar with的主语只能为人，宾语可为人或事物，表示某人熟悉某人或某事物之意。
eg. He’s familiar with the subject.(= The subject is familiar to him.)
他熟悉这个题目。
all the time 不停地，经常，总是；一直，始终(from beginning to end, always)

eg. All the time I was blind to your suffering.
一直以来，我都没有意识到你遭受的痛苦。
eg. there is energy working around us all the time whether we are aware of it or not.
在我们周围总是有能量在做功，不管我们是否察觉到它。

line up 排成一行；排队等候；组织；邀集

eg. The senior leaders lined up behind him in orderly rows...
高级将领整齐有序地在他身后站成几排。
eg. I would line up my toys on this windowsill and play...
我会把玩具排在这个窗台上来玩。
eg. You have to line the car up with the ones beside you...
你得把车子和旁边的车停齐。
eg. She lined up executives, politicians and educators to serve on the board of directors...
她邀请了高管、政坛人物和教育家加入董事会。
eg. Some surprising names have lined up behind the idea...
有些出人意料的名人也在支持这个想法。

line up against the wall 靠墙排列着

against “靠着”

rest the piano against the wall 把钢琴靠墙放下

lean against the blackboard 靠着黑板

长难句、语法：

Oddly shaped forms that are suspended form the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind are quite familiar to everybody.

1.oddly shaped 为过去分词短语作定语，修饰forms。forms在此指（展品）种类，意即“奇形怪状的（展品）种类”。

2.that are… a gust of wind为定语从句，置后修饰forms。Oddly shaped forms that are suspended form the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind为句子的主语部分。

Lined up against the wall, there were long thin wires attached to metal spheres.

1.主句为there be句型。

2.Lined up against the wall为过去分词短语作状语，说明主语wires的状语。

3.attached to metal spheres为过去分词短语作定语，后置修饰wires。

精妙翻译：

These objects, however, were different.

结合上个句子的含义，本句可以理解为“这些展品对于人民的吸引力或者震撼力和那些人们已经熟知的展品是不同的”。

Oddly shaped forms that are suspended form the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind are quite familiar to everybody.

注意下这里的in response to译为随风而动，很形象啊。

DAY 72

L18-4：Electric currents in modern art

In the centre of the hall, there were a number of tall structures which contained coloured lights. These lights flickered continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad. Sparks were emitted from small black boxes and red lamps flashed on and off angrily. It was rather like an exhibition of prehistoric electronic equipment. These peculiar forms not only seemed designed to shock people emotionally, but to give them electric shocks as well!

知识点：

单词：

flicker 英/ˈflɪkə(r)/ 美/ˈflɪkɚ/ v.闪烁;飘扬，摆动;昏倒n.闪烁;闪光;电影;假装昏倒的乞丐

1.VERB (灯光等)闪烁，摇曳

eg. Fluorescent lights flickered, and then the room was brilliantly, blindingly bright...
荧光灯闪了几下，接着屋子里豁然大亮，刺得人睁不开眼。

2.N-COUNT (情感的)闪现，一闪而过

eg. He felt a flicker of regret...
他突然感到一丝悔意。

3.V (表情)掠过，闪过

eg. A smile flickered across Vincent's grey features.
文森特苍白的面孔上掠过一丝微笑。

4.VERB (眼睛)瞟过

eg. Dirk's eyes flickered towards the pistol...
德克的眼睛瞟向那把手枪。

5.VERB 抖动;颤动

eg. In a moment her eyelids flickered, then opened...
她的眼皮随即动了一下，然后睁开了眼睛。

辨析flicker和flash
flicker=to shine with a light that is sometimes bright and sometimes weak 是指光时强时弱，（灯光等）摇曳，不稳定昏暗的光
eg. a flickering candle摇曳的蜡烛
flash=If a light flashes or if you flash a light, it shines with a sudden bright light, especially as quick, regular flashes of light. 迅速猛烈刺眼的光，或高频闪，如闪电
eg. a flash in the pan昙花一现

spark 英 /spɑ:k/ 美 /spɑ:rk/ n.电火花;燃烧的颗粒;火星，火花，余火;（金属的）发光的颗粒;vi.发出火星，发出闪光;热烈赞同;正常运转;vt.发动，触发;激起运动，鼓舞

1.N-COUNT 火花;火星

eg. The fire gradually got bigger and bigger. Sparks flew off in all directions.
火越燃越烈，火星四溅。

2.N-COUNT 电火花;火花放电

eg. He passed an electric spark through a mixture of gases.
他让一束电火花穿过了一团混合气体。

3.VERB 发出火花;闪光

eg. The wires were sparking above me...
电线在我头顶上方冒着火花。

4.VERB 引起(大火)

eg. A dropped cigarette may have sparked the fire.
可能是丢弃的烟头导致了这场大火。

5.N-COUNT 微量;一点点

eg. His music lacked that vital spark of imagination...
他的音乐缺少非常关键的那一点灵感。

6.VERB 触发;引发

eg. What was it that sparked your interest in motoring?
是什么让你对开车产生了兴趣？

7.spark off=spark

8.sparks fly激烈争论;热烈讨论

eg. They are not afraid to tackle the issues or let the sparks fly when necessary.
他们不怕应对这些问题，也不怕必要时来一番激烈的争论。

emit/iˈmit/

1.排放，散发（尤指气体、辐射）；

2.发出声音

3.emission /iˈmiʃn/n.排放；排放物

eg. volcano emits smoke, lava and ashes.
火山喷射出烟﹑ 熔岩和灰烬.
eg. she emitted a sound like laughter.
她发出一种类似于笑声的声音。

词组：

go mad 发疯、发狂、失控

eg. I'm lucky that I'm interested in school work, otherwise I'd go mad.
我很庆幸自己对学习怀有兴趣，不然我会疯掉的。

on and off 不时;断断续续地;间歇地;启闭

eg. It can even be switched on and off.
它甚至可以不时的被改变。
eg. For 14 years on and off he worked on Desk Murder, finishing the painting in 1984.
这幅作品，他断断续续地画了14年，才于1984年完成。
eg. But in the end I still took a deep breath, on and off all the scores reported.
但是最后我还是深吸了一口气，断断续续地把分数一一报出。

注意on and on 继续不断地、不停地

eg. They walked on and on until they got to the destination.
他们不停地一直走到目的地。

长难句、语法：

These lights flickered continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad.

which have gone mad为定语从句，修饰traffic lights。

精妙翻译：

These lights flickered continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad.

灯泡一刻不停地闪烁，就像失去了控制的红绿灯。 flickered continuously一刻不停，traffic lights交通信号灯直接译为红绿灯。

DAY 73

L19-1：A very dear cat

Kidnappers are rarely interested in animals, but they recently took considerable interest in Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay's cat. Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay, a very wealthy old lady, has shared a flat with her cat, Rastus, for a great many years. Rastus leads an orderly life. He usually takes a short walk in the evenings and is always home by seven o'clock. One evening, however, he failed to arrive. Mrs. Ramsay got very worried.

知识点：

单词：

Kidnapper /'kɪdnæpɚ/n. 绑匪；诱拐者

→kidnap /'kidnæp/

1.v. 劫持；绑架

eg. Twobusinessmen have been kidnapped by terrorists.
两名商人遭恐怖分子绑架。

2.n. 绑架（also kidnapping）

eg. Headmitted the charge of kidnap.
他对绑架的指控供认不讳

considerable 英 /kən'sɪd(ə)rəb(ə)l/ 美 /kən'sɪdərəbl/

1.adj.相当大的

eg. The damage was considerable. 毁坏相当严重

eg. to a considerable extent or degree 很大程度上

eg. considerable expense 相当可观的费用

2.adj.重大的，著名的

eg. considerable victory 重大的胜利

eg. considerable person 著名的人物

wealthy /'welθi/ adj. 富有的，财产多的

eg. awealthy family 有钱人家

eg. the wealthy 富人，有钱人

share英/ʃeə/ 美 /ʃɛr/

1.v. 共有，合用

share sth with sb

eg. Sue shares a house with three other students.
苏和另外三个学生合住一所房子。

2.v. 分享，共享

eg. Tom shared his chocolate with the other kids.
汤姆和其他孩子一起分享他的巧克力。
eg. The conference is a good place to share information and exchange ideas.
研讨会是互通信息、交流思想的好场所。

3.v. 共同承担，分担

eg. I try to get the kids to share in the housework.
我努力让孩子们分担家务活。

4.n.（在若干人之间分得的）一份

eg. Next year we hope to have a bigger share of the market.
明年我们希望获得更大的市场份额。

5.n. 股份，股票

eg. shares in British telecom
英国电信公司的股份
eg. a fall / increase in share prices
股票价格的跌落/上涨

flat /flæt/

1.n.一套房间；公寓；单元房（AmE usu apartment）

eg. They are renting a furnished flat on the third floor.
他们租了三楼的一层带家具的公寓。

2.adj.水平的，平坦的

eg. People used to think the earth was flat.
人们曾经认为地球是平的。

3.adj.平淡的；单调的；无聊的

eg. After the excitement was over, she felt flat.
令人兴奋的事过后,她感到平淡无味。

4.adj.断然的; 绝对的

eg. He gave me a flat refusal.
他断然拒绝了我。

5.平底鞋flats

6.走气，不新鲜的饮料go flat

7.电用完了battery is flat.

8.and that's flat! 没有商量的余地，就这么定了

(BrE, informal) =that is my final decision and I will not change my mind 这就是最后决定

eg. You can't go and that's flat!
你不能去，就这样！

9.as flat as a pancake =completely flat 完全平的

10.fall flat on your 'face

1）to fall so that you are lying on your front 趴倒在地

2）to fail completely, usually causing embarrassment(颜面丢尽地)彻底失败

eg. His next television venture fell flat on its face.
他的下一个电视项目丢人现眼，彻底失败了。

11.flat broke (BrE also stony broke)(informal)

=completely broke 穷得一个子儿也没有；一贫如洗；穷得叮当响

12.flat out (informal)

1）as fast or as hard as possible 全速；全力以赴

eg. Workers are working flat out to meet the rise in demand for new cars.
为满足对新轿车需求的增加，工人正全力以赴地工作。

2）(especially NAmE) in a definite and direct way; completely 直截了当；断然

eg. I told him flat out "No".
我斩钉截铁地告诉他"不"。
eg. It's a 30-year mortgage we just flat out can't handle.
这是一宗我们根本无法处理的 30 年按揭贷款业务。

13.in... flat (informal)used with an expression of time to say that sth happened or was done very quickly, in no more than the time stated (与表达时间的词语连用，表示发生或做得很快)才……，只用了……，整

eg. They changed the wheel in three minutes flat (= in exactly three minutes).他们仅用三分钟就换了轮胎。

orderly英 /'ɔːd(ə)lɪ/ 美 /'ɔrdɚli/

1.adj.整洁的;，有秩序的，有条理的

eg. acalm and orderly life
平静有序的生活
eg. vegetablesplanted in orderly rows.
一行行栽种整齐的蔬菜。
eg. a woman with an orderly mind.
头脑清晰的女人。
eg. Hegave an orderly answer to the teacher's question.
他条理分明地回答了老师的提问。

2.adj.表现良好的；守秩序的

eg. an orderly demonstration
秩序井然的示威

3.反义词disorderly

4.n.（医院的）护理员；勤务兵

辨析orderly, regular
1.Orderly has a suggestion of neatness or care, and indicates an arrangement or design that is kept within predetermined limits;the emphasis is on the manner of achievement rather than on the end sought, as is most often the case with methodical; Orderly thus implies the absence of violence or disruption.
eg. an orderly development from a predominantly rural, agricultural economy to a modern industrial economy.
2.Regular means according to a fixed rule or standard, and suggests the lack of innovation, accident or uncertainty; it emphasizes the steadiness or contining nature of something done according to plan
eg. a regular programme by which underprivileged children can be given extra remedial instruction.
3.通过反义词来理解 orderly to chaotic混乱的，乱糟糟的；regular to eccentric古怪的，怪异的.

句式：

take considerable interest in sth 盯上sth

lead an orderly life 生活很有规律

take a short walk in the evenings 傍晚出去溜达一会儿

长难句、语法：

Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay, a very wealthy old lady, has shared a flat with her cat, Rastus, for a great many years.

1.句子结构分析：a very wealthy old lady是Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay的同位语；Rastus是her cat的同位语，起解释说明的作用。For a great many years放在句尾，一是为了强调时间很长，二是为了与现在完成时has shared形成用法上的呼应。

2.在英语中，如果某一名词由若干形容词来修饰，通常要有一定的顺序，排列顺序的同条主要规则有：

1）说明用途的形容词+名词

eg. a small dining room 一间小餐厅

2）说明制造物的形容词+说明用途的形容词+名词

eg. a small wooden dining room 一个木制小餐厅

3）说明来源的形容词+说明制造物的形容词+名词

eg. a pair of Spanish leather boots 一双西班牙皮靴

4）说明颜色的形容词+说明来源的形容词+其他

eg. a pair of black Spanish leather boots 一双黑色的西班牙皮靴

5）说明年龄、形状、大小、程度等的形容词+说明颜色的形容词+其他

eg. a pair of old black Spanish leather boots 一双破旧的黑色西班牙皮靴

DAY 74

L19-2：A very dear cat

She looked everywhere for him but could not find him. Three days after Rastus' disappearance, Mrs. Ramsay received an anonymous letter. The writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs. Ramsay paid a ransom of ₤1,000. Mrs. Ramsay was instructed to place the money in a cardboard box and to leave it outside her door.

知识点：

单词：

anonymous/əˈnɔniməs ; NAmE əˈnɑːn- /adj.不知姓名的；匿名的；没有特色的

eg. an anonymous donor
不知姓名的捐赠者
eg. an anonymous letter
匿名信
eg. long stretches of dull and anonymous countryside
大片大片千篇一律、枯燥平淡的乡村

ransom/ˈrænsəm/n.赎金

1.ransom money 赎金

2.demand/pay a ransom of+金额

3.a ransom demand / note 索要赎金的要求 / 通知

4.hold sb to ransom 要挟（某人）；胁迫（某人）

=to force someone to do something by putting them in a situation where something bad will happen if they do not

eg. The government says it is being held to ransom by the actions of terrorist groups.
政府称，恐怖组织采取的行动是在要挟政府陷于投鼠忌器的境地。

cardboard/ˈkɑːdbɔːd /n.硬纸板

a cardboard box纸盒

instruct/ɪnˈstrʌkt/

1.v.命令，吩咐，指示

instruct sb to do sth

instruct sb that+cl（注意用动词原形）

eg. The judge immediately instructed that Beattie be released.

instruct sb what to do

eg. She arrived at 10 o'clock as instructed.
她依照指示于 10 点钟到达。

2.formal教

instruct sb in sth

instruct sb how to do sth

instruct that+clu（正常时态）

eg. I was instructed that £20,000 had been paid into my account.

词组：

be in safe hands 在可靠的人手中

1.此处hands用来指人。

2.常见的类似短语还有：in bad/good/green/new/old hands 在笨人/能人/生/新/老手中

3.in hand 在手中（的），在控制中（常与动词have\keep\take等连用），（工作）在进行中

eg. As the matter in hand was urgent, we dealt with it at once.
由于手中的问题紧迫，我们马上就把它解决了。
eg. Can you have the situation well in hand?
你能完全控制住这种形势吗？
eg. We should finish the work we have in hand before we begin something new.
开始新的工作之前，我们应完成我们正在进行的工作。

句式：

She looked everywhere for him but could not find him.

她四处寻找但没找着它。

长难句、语法：

Mrs. Ramsay was instructed to place the money in a cardboard box and to leave it outside her door.

在instruct… to do…中，动词不定式一般在句中作宾语补足语。但在本文中用于被动语态，由于宾语提前作了主语，动词不定式则成为了主语的补足语。

精妙翻译：

The writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs. Ramsay paid a ransom of ₤1,000.

写信人声称拉斯特斯安然无恙，只要拉姆齐太太愿意支付1000英镑的赎金，可以立即将猫送还。
中文翻译将一个长句拆成三个短句，并作了语序调整，符合中文阅读习惯。
in safe hands翻译成安然无恙，非常文雅。

DAY 75

L19-3：A very dear cat

At first she decided to go to the police, but fearing that she would never see Rastus again—the letter had made that quite clear — she changed her mind. She withdrew ₤1000 from her bank and followed the kidnapper's instructions. The next morning, the box had disappeared but Mrs. Ramsay was sure that the kidnapper would keep his word.

知识点：

单词：

withdrew /英 wɪðˈdru: 美 wɪðˈdru, wɪθ-/ withdraw的过去式

withdraw /英 wɪðˈdrɔ: 美wɪðˈdrɔ, wɪθ-/ 第三人称单数： withdraws 现在分词： withdrawing 过去式： withdrew 过去分词： withdrawn

1.撤走;拿走

withdraw sth from sp

eg. He reached into his pocket and withdrew a sheet of notepaper.
他把手伸进口袋，掏出一张便签。

2.（使）撤退；（使）撤回；（使）撤离

eg. He stated that all foreign forces would withdraw as soon as the crisis ended.
他声明危机一结束，所有外国军队都将撤离。

3.提，取（款）

withdraw money from a bank account

eg. Open a savings account that does not charge ridiculous fees to withdraw money.
开一个取款时不会乱收费的储蓄账户。

4.退出，返回（至另一个房间）

withdraw to

eg. He and the others withdrew to their rented rooms.
他和其他人回到了他们租住的房间。

5.退出（活动或组织）

eg. The African National Congress threatened to withdraw from the talks.
非洲国民大会威胁要退出会谈。

6.vt.收回，撤回（所说的话或声明）

eg. He withdrew his remarks and explained what he had meant to say.
他收回所说的话，然后又解释他本来想说什么。

词组：

change her mind 改变主意；改变她的主意

follow sb.'s insructions/advice/directions/teachings 遵从某人的吩咐/建议/指导/教导

follow sb.'s example 以某人为榜样

follow the crowd 随大流

follow the pattern 循规蹈矩

follow the suit 学样

keep one’s word 信守诺言=fulfill one's word

break one's word不守信用

a man of his word守信用的人

eg. You can trust him, he's a man of his word. 你可以相信他，他是个守信用的人。

word做“诺言”，只用单数

eg. They failed to keep their word.他们未能遵守诺言。

长难句、语法：

At first she decided to go to the police, but fearing that she would never see Rastus again——the letter had made that quite clear —— she changed her mind.

1.动词decided后可使用动词不定式构成的宾语形式。在表达“决定不做”含义时，否定词应置于动词不定式之前。

eg. They decided not to tell him the truth.
他们决定不告诉他事实真相。

2.fearing that she would never see Rastus again现在分词短语在句中作原因状语，说明she chaned her mind的原因。

3.the letter had made that quite clear,插入语，应弱读，quite clear作插入语部分的宾语补足语。

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Week 15

DAY 71

L18-3：Electric currents in modern art

知识点：

单词：

oddly /英 ˈɒdli/ /美 ˈɑ:dli/

(strangely,surprisingly)adv.奇怪地，古怪地；奇妙地；额外地，附加地；零碎地，单数地

…, oddly, …

=oddly enough, …甚是奇怪，令人惊讶

=(idiom)funnily enough, …（用于承认情形或事实令人吃惊或奇怪）说来真怪

eg. He said no and seemed oddly reluctant to talk about it.
他说没有，而且奇怪的是似乎不愿谈及此事。
eg. Oddly, Emma says she never considered her face was attractive...
奇怪的是，埃玛说她从来都不认为自己长得好看。
eg. Oddly enough, someone asked me the same question only yesterday.
说来也巧，就在昨天有人问过我同样的问题。
eg. Funnily enough, I was just thinking about you when you called.
真是奇怪了，我刚才正在想你呢，你就打电话过来了。
eg. Funnily enough, I met her only yesterday.
说来也巧，昨天我才碰见了她。
eg. funnily enough, I was starting to like the idea.
说来真怪，我开始喜欢这个主意了。

response /英 rɪˈspɒns/ /美 rɪˈspɑ:ns/ n.反应，响应；（口头或书面的）回答，答复；【宗】（pl.）回应经文，应唱圣歌

1.response to sth

2.there be no response to sth

3.in responseto sth.=in answer to sth.

4.in response

5.positive/favourable/negative response

6.an emotional/angry response

7.receive a response from

eg. There has been no response to his remarks from the government...
政府尚未对他的言论作出回应。
eg. The news provoked an angry response.
这条消息引起了人们的愤怒。
eg. The product was developed in response to customer demand.
这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。

v.→respond

辨析answer, reply, respond, rejoinder, riposte, retort
1.v.answer, reply , respond, get back to sb(inf), rejoin, retort
answer最宽泛，对一切问题做出的action或words都是 answer，及物动词
answer sb/answer sth
应门，接电话的v.只能用answer
reply是answer的陈述形式，一般与answer都作为口语或书面语中回答问题、复信时最通用的动词，不及物，要加to，常带直接引语。
respond少用，较正式
get back to sb以后再答复（回复）sb
eg. I'll find out and get back to you.我查明之后再答复你。
rejoin回答，反驳
retort反驳
2.n.answer, reply, response, rejoinder, riposte, retort, comeback
in answer to=in reply to
response一定是有一个stimulus而做出的的reaction，强调对紧急情况或一系列问题的反应
=In more general use response refers to any answer to an urgent question or appeal, or to a set question
rejoinder(formal)=a reply to a reply, clever and rude反驳
riposte/riˈpɔst/(formal)=brilliant, clever reply机敏的回答，巧妙的反驳
retort(written)=a sharp answer, criticism/quick, angry, humorous reply尖刻反驳/生气或幽默的反驳
comeback=quick answer(clever, funny, rude)

gust /gʌst/ n.风味；一阵狂风；突发的一阵；（感情）迸发；vi.（风）猛刮

1.(N-COUNT) a short, strong, sudden rush of wind一阵强风；一阵狂风

eg. A gust of wind drove down the valley...
一阵狂风刮过山谷。

2.(VERB) When the wind gusts, it blows with short, strong, sudden rushes.猛刮；劲吹

eg. The wind gusted again…
风再次猛烈地刮了起来。

3.(N-COUNT) If you feel a gust of emotion, you feel the emotion suddenly and intensely.（感情的）迸发，爆发

eg. ...a small gust of pleasure.
短暂的一阵欢喜。

familiar /英 fəˈmɪliə(r)/ /美 fəˈmɪljɚ/ adj.熟悉的；通晓的；冒昧的；随便的；n.常客，密友；高级官吏的家属；/天主/教皇/主教/的仆人

1.ADJ-GRADED 熟悉的；熟知的

to look/taste/sound familiar看尝听起来熟悉

sth. be familiar to sb.

eg. Violent attacks are becoming all too familiar (=sadly familiar).
暴力攻击变成了司空见惯的现象。
eg. He talked of other cultures as if they were more familiar to him than his own...
他谈起其他文化时似乎比对他自己的文化还要熟悉。

2.ADJ-GRADED 熟悉；熟知

sb. be familiar with sth

eg. Lesinko is quite familiar with Central Television. He worked there for 25 years...
莱辛科对中央电视台相当熟悉。他在那儿工作了25年。

3.ADJ-GRADED 过分亲昵的;过于随便的;放肆的

sb. be familiar with sb

eg.The children are too familiar with their teacher.
这帮小学生对老师过於随便.
eg. "Gerald, isn't it?" I began familiarly.
“杰拉尔德，是你吧？”我亲昵地开口说道。

attached / əˈtætʃt / adj.附加的，附属的；依恋的；爱慕的；v.贴上，系，附上( attach的过去式和过去分词)；

1.ADJ-GRADED 非常喜欢…的，热爱…的

be attached to sb/sth 依恋，喜欢

eg. She is very attached to her family and friends.
她非常热爱家人和朋友。

2.Attached, you will find…=enclosed随函附上

3.ADJ （通常只是短时间）从属于…的，为…工作的

eg. The research unit is attached to the university.
这个研究单位附属于大学。

3.v→attach

1）v.连，系缚上；系上；贴上

attach sth to sth

eg. We attach labels to things before we file them away...
存档前，我们先贴上标签。

2）v.赋予；认为…有（重要性、价值、意义等）

eg. I don't attach any importance/significance to these rumours.
我不把这些谣传当作一回事。
eg. She attaches great value to being financially independent.
她特别看重经济独立。
eg. The authorities attached much significance to his visit.
当局非常重视他的访问。

3）（通常在有限的时间内）（主动）与…在一起，成为…的成员，参加

attach yourself to sb/sth

eg. Being on his own, he attached himself to a noisy group at the bar.
因为独自一人，他跟酒吧里一群闹哄哄的人搭上了话。

4）附加，附带（条件） If you attach conditions to something such as an agreement, you state that specific things must be done before the agreement is valid.

eg. Activists are pressing the banks to attach political conditions to the signing of any new agreement...
激进分子强烈要求银行在签署任何新协议前要考虑政治条件。

5）（计算机中）附上，粘贴（附件） In computing, if you attach a file to a message that you send to someone, you send it with the message but separate from it.

eg. It is possible to attach executable program files to e-mail.
可以在电子邮件里附上可执行程序文件。

sphere/sfiə(r)/n.球体；界，范围，领域

eg. the political sphere政界
eg. He and I moved in totally different social spheres.
我和他处在完全不同的社会圈子里。

magnetize 英/ ˈmægnətaɪz/ 美/ ˈmæɡnɪˌtaɪz/ vt.迷住;使有磁性;使磁化;紧紧吸引

make sth magnetic/mægˈnetik/

eg. The singer's beautiful voice magnetized the audience.
eg. Cities have a powerful magnetizing effect on young people.
城市对青年人有着强大的吸引力。
eg. a magnetic personality富有魅力的个性

repel/re'pel/vt.排斥

1.-pel: 驱赶

compel强迫；dispel驱散；expel开除，驱逐；propel促进

2.repellent/riˈpelənt/adj.令人厌恶的，防/隔绝……的；n.驱虫剂

eg. The idea was slightly repellent to her.
这个想法有点令她生厌。

词组：

in response to 回答、响应、作出反应。

move in response to a gust of wind（展品）随风而动

be familiar to… 为……所熟悉，通晓

eg. There are faces not familiar to her.有几张面孔她不熟悉。

辨析familiar to, familiar with
familiar to的主语可为人或事物，但宾语只能为人，表示某人或某事物对某人来说是熟悉的意思
eg. Those woods were so familiar to both of them.
他们俩都对那些树林如此熟悉。
familiar with的主语只能为人，宾语可为人或事物，表示某人熟悉某人或某事物之意。
eg. He’s familiar with the subject.(= The subject is familiar to him.)
他熟悉这个题目。
all the time 不停地，经常，总是；一直，始终(from beginning to end, always)

eg. All the time I was blind to your suffering.
一直以来，我都没有意识到你遭受的痛苦。
eg. there is energy working around us all the time whether we are aware of it or not.
在我们周围总是有能量在做功，不管我们是否察觉到它。

line up 排成一行；排队等候；组织；邀集

eg. The senior leaders lined up behind him in orderly rows...
高级将领整齐有序地在他身后站成几排。
eg. I would line up my toys on this windowsill and play...
我会把玩具排在这个窗台上来玩。
eg. You have to line the car up with the ones beside you...
你得把车子和旁边的车停齐。
eg. She lined up executives, politicians and educators to serve on the board of directors...
她邀请了高管、政坛人物和教育家加入董事会。
eg. Some surprising names have lined up behind the idea...
有些出人意料的名人也在支持这个想法。

line up against the wall 靠墙排列着

against “靠着”

rest the piano against the wall 把钢琴靠墙放下

lean against the blackboard 靠着黑板

长难句、语法：

Oddly shaped forms that are suspended form the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind are quite familiar to everybody.

1.oddly shaped 为过去分词短语作定语，修饰forms。forms在此指（展品）种类，意即“奇形怪状的（展品）种类”。

2.that are… a gust of wind为定语从句，置后修饰forms。Oddly shaped forms that are suspended form the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind为句子的主语部分。

Lined up against the wall, there were long thin wires attached to metal spheres.

1.主句为there be句型。

2.Lined up against the wall为过去分词短语作状语，说明主语wires的状语。

3.attached to metal spheres为过去分词短语作定语，后置修饰wires。

精妙翻译：

These objects, however, were different.

结合上个句子的含义，本句可以理解为“这些展品对于人民的吸引力或者震撼力和那些人们已经熟知的展品是不同的”。

Oddly shaped forms that are suspended form the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind are quite familiar to everybody.

注意下这里的in response to译为随风而动，很形象啊。

DAY 72

L18-4：Electric currents in modern art

知识点：

单词：

flicker 英/ˈflɪkə(r)/ 美/ˈflɪkɚ/ v.闪烁;飘扬，摆动;昏倒n.闪烁;闪光;电影;假装昏倒的乞丐

1.VERB (灯光等)闪烁，摇曳

eg. Fluorescent lights flickered, and then the room was brilliantly, blindingly bright...
荧光灯闪了几下，接着屋子里豁然大亮，刺得人睁不开眼。

2.N-COUNT (情感的)闪现，一闪而过

eg. He felt a flicker of regret...
他突然感到一丝悔意。

3.V (表情)掠过，闪过

eg. A smile flickered across Vincent's grey features.
文森特苍白的面孔上掠过一丝微笑。

4.VERB (眼睛)瞟过

eg. Dirk's eyes flickered towards the pistol...
德克的眼睛瞟向那把手枪。

5.VERB 抖动;颤动

eg. In a moment her eyelids flickered, then opened...
她的眼皮随即动了一下，然后睁开了眼睛。

辨析flicker和flash
flicker=to shine with a light that is sometimes bright and sometimes weak 是指光时强时弱，（灯光等）摇曳，不稳定昏暗的光
eg. a flickering candle摇曳的蜡烛
flash=If a light flashes or if you flash a light, it shines with a sudden bright light, especially as quick, regular flashes of light. 迅速猛烈刺眼的光，或高频闪，如闪电
eg. a flash in the pan昙花一现

1.N-COUNT 火花;火星

eg. The fire gradually got bigger and bigger. Sparks flew off in all directions.
火越燃越烈，火星四溅。

2.N-COUNT 电火花;火花放电

eg. He passed an electric spark through a mixture of gases.
他让一束电火花穿过了一团混合气体。

3.VERB 发出火花;闪光

eg. The wires were sparking above me...
电线在我头顶上方冒着火花。

4.VERB 引起(大火)

eg. A dropped cigarette may have sparked the fire.
可能是丢弃的烟头导致了这场大火。

5.N-COUNT 微量;一点点

eg. His music lacked that vital spark of imagination...
他的音乐缺少非常关键的那一点灵感。

6.VERB 触发;引发

eg. What was it that sparked your interest in motoring?
是什么让你对开车产生了兴趣？

7.spark off=spark

8.sparks fly激烈争论;热烈讨论

eg. They are not afraid to tackle the issues or let the sparks fly when necessary.
他们不怕应对这些问题，也不怕必要时来一番激烈的争论。

emit/iˈmit/

1.排放，散发（尤指气体、辐射）；

2.发出声音

3.emission /iˈmiʃn/n.排放；排放物

eg. volcano emits smoke, lava and ashes.
火山喷射出烟﹑ 熔岩和灰烬.
eg. she emitted a sound like laughter.
她发出一种类似于笑声的声音。

词组：

go mad 发疯、发狂、失控

eg. I'm lucky that I'm interested in school work, otherwise I'd go mad.
我很庆幸自己对学习怀有兴趣，不然我会疯掉的。

on and off 不时;断断续续地;间歇地;启闭

eg. It can even be switched on and off.
它甚至可以不时的被改变。
eg. For 14 years on and off he worked on Desk Murder, finishing the painting in 1984.
这幅作品，他断断续续地画了14年，才于1984年完成。
eg. But in the end I still took a deep breath, on and off all the scores reported.
但是最后我还是深吸了一口气，断断续续地把分数一一报出。

注意on and on 继续不断地、不停地

eg. They walked on and on until they got to the destination.
他们不停地一直走到目的地。

长难句、语法：

These lights flickered continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad.

which have gone mad为定语从句，修饰traffic lights。

精妙翻译：

These lights flickered continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad.

灯泡一刻不停地闪烁，就像失去了控制的红绿灯。 flickered continuously一刻不停，traffic lights交通信号灯直接译为红绿灯。

DAY 73

L19-1：A very dear cat

知识点：

单词：

Kidnapper /'kɪdnæpɚ/n. 绑匪；诱拐者

→kidnap /'kidnæp/

1.v. 劫持；绑架

eg. Twobusinessmen have been kidnapped by terrorists.
两名商人遭恐怖分子绑架。

2.n. 绑架（also kidnapping）

eg. Headmitted the charge of kidnap.
他对绑架的指控供认不讳

considerable 英 /kən'sɪd(ə)rəb(ə)l/ 美 /kən'sɪdərəbl/

1.adj.相当大的

eg. The damage was considerable. 毁坏相当严重

eg. to a considerable extent or degree 很大程度上

eg. considerable expense 相当可观的费用

2.adj.重大的，著名的

eg. considerable victory 重大的胜利

eg. considerable person 著名的人物

wealthy /'welθi/ adj. 富有的，财产多的

eg. awealthy family 有钱人家

eg. the wealthy 富人，有钱人

share英/ʃeə/ 美 /ʃɛr/

1.v. 共有，合用

share sth with sb

eg. Sue shares a house with three other students.
苏和另外三个学生合住一所房子。

2.v. 分享，共享

eg. Tom shared his chocolate with the other kids.
汤姆和其他孩子一起分享他的巧克力。
eg. The conference is a good place to share information and exchange ideas.
研讨会是互通信息、交流思想的好场所。

3.v. 共同承担，分担

eg. I try to get the kids to share in the housework.
我努力让孩子们分担家务活。

4.n.（在若干人之间分得的）一份

eg. Next year we hope to have a bigger share of the market.
明年我们希望获得更大的市场份额。

5.n. 股份，股票

eg. shares in British telecom
英国电信公司的股份
eg. a fall / increase in share prices
股票价格的跌落/上涨

flat /flæt/

1.n.一套房间；公寓；单元房（AmE usu apartment）

eg. They are renting a furnished flat on the third floor.
他们租了三楼的一层带家具的公寓。

2.adj.水平的，平坦的

eg. People used to think the earth was flat.
人们曾经认为地球是平的。

3.adj.平淡的；单调的；无聊的

eg. After the excitement was over, she felt flat.
令人兴奋的事过后,她感到平淡无味。

4.adj.断然的; 绝对的

eg. He gave me a flat refusal.
他断然拒绝了我。

5.平底鞋flats

6.走气，不新鲜的饮料go flat

7.电用完了battery is flat.

8.and that's flat! 没有商量的余地，就这么定了

(BrE, informal) =that is my final decision and I will not change my mind 这就是最后决定

eg. You can't go and that's flat!
你不能去，就这样！

9.as flat as a pancake =completely flat 完全平的

10.fall flat on your 'face

1）to fall so that you are lying on your front 趴倒在地

2）to fail completely, usually causing embarrassment(颜面丢尽地)彻底失败

eg. His next television venture fell flat on its face.
他的下一个电视项目丢人现眼，彻底失败了。

11.flat broke (BrE also stony broke)(informal)

=completely broke 穷得一个子儿也没有；一贫如洗；穷得叮当响

12.flat out (informal)

1）as fast or as hard as possible 全速；全力以赴

eg. Workers are working flat out to meet the rise in demand for new cars.
为满足对新轿车需求的增加，工人正全力以赴地工作。

2）(especially NAmE) in a definite and direct way; completely 直截了当；断然

eg. I told him flat out "No".
我斩钉截铁地告诉他"不"。
eg. It's a 30-year mortgage we just flat out can't handle.
这是一宗我们根本无法处理的 30 年按揭贷款业务。

eg. They changed the wheel in three minutes flat (= in exactly three minutes).他们仅用三分钟就换了轮胎。

orderly英 /'ɔːd(ə)lɪ/ 美 /'ɔrdɚli/

1.adj.整洁的;，有秩序的，有条理的

eg. acalm and orderly life
平静有序的生活
eg. vegetablesplanted in orderly rows.
一行行栽种整齐的蔬菜。
eg. a woman with an orderly mind.
头脑清晰的女人。
eg. Hegave an orderly answer to the teacher's question.
他条理分明地回答了老师的提问。

2.adj.表现良好的；守秩序的

eg. an orderly demonstration
秩序井然的示威

3.反义词disorderly

4.n.（医院的）护理员；勤务兵

辨析orderly, regular
1.Orderly has a suggestion of neatness or care, and indicates an arrangement or design that is kept within predetermined limits;the emphasis is on the manner of achievement rather than on the end sought, as is most often the case with methodical; Orderly thus implies the absence of violence or disruption.
eg. an orderly development from a predominantly rural, agricultural economy to a modern industrial economy.
2.Regular means according to a fixed rule or standard, and suggests the lack of innovation, accident or uncertainty; it emphasizes the steadiness or contining nature of something done according to plan
eg. a regular programme by which underprivileged children can be given extra remedial instruction.
3.通过反义词来理解 orderly to chaotic混乱的，乱糟糟的；regular to eccentric古怪的，怪异的.

句式：

take considerable interest in sth 盯上sth

lead an orderly life 生活很有规律

take a short walk in the evenings 傍晚出去溜达一会儿

长难句、语法：

Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay, a very wealthy old lady, has shared a flat with her cat, Rastus, for a great many years.

2.在英语中，如果某一名词由若干形容词来修饰，通常要有一定的顺序，排列顺序的同条主要规则有：

1）说明用途的形容词+名词

eg. a small dining room 一间小餐厅

2）说明制造物的形容词+说明用途的形容词+名词

eg. a small wooden dining room 一个木制小餐厅

3）说明来源的形容词+说明制造物的形容词+名词

eg. a pair of Spanish leather boots 一双西班牙皮靴

4）说明颜色的形容词+说明来源的形容词+其他

eg. a pair of black Spanish leather boots 一双黑色的西班牙皮靴

5）说明年龄、形状、大小、程度等的形容词+说明颜色的形容词+其他

eg. a pair of old black Spanish leather boots 一双破旧的黑色西班牙皮靴

DAY 74

L19-2：A very dear cat

知识点：

单词：

anonymous/əˈnɔniməs ; NAmE əˈnɑːn- /adj.不知姓名的；匿名的；没有特色的

eg. an anonymous donor
不知姓名的捐赠者
eg. an anonymous letter
匿名信
eg. long stretches of dull and anonymous countryside
大片大片千篇一律、枯燥平淡的乡村

ransom/ˈrænsəm/n.赎金

1.ransom money 赎金

2.demand/pay a ransom of+金额

3.a ransom demand / note 索要赎金的要求 / 通知

4.hold sb to ransom 要挟（某人）；胁迫（某人）

=to force someone to do something by putting them in a situation where something bad will happen if they do not

eg. The government says it is being held to ransom by the actions of terrorist groups.
政府称，恐怖组织采取的行动是在要挟政府陷于投鼠忌器的境地。

cardboard/ˈkɑːdbɔːd /n.硬纸板

a cardboard box纸盒

instruct/ɪnˈstrʌkt/

1.v.命令，吩咐，指示

instruct sb to do sth

instruct sb that+cl（注意用动词原形）

eg. The judge immediately instructed that Beattie be released.

instruct sb what to do

eg. She arrived at 10 o'clock as instructed.
她依照指示于 10 点钟到达。

2.formal教

instruct sb in sth

instruct sb how to do sth

instruct that+clu（正常时态）

eg. I was instructed that £20,000 had been paid into my account.

词组：

be in safe hands 在可靠的人手中

1.此处hands用来指人。

2.常见的类似短语还有：in bad/good/green/new/old hands 在笨人/能人/生/新/老手中

3.in hand 在手中（的），在控制中（常与动词have\keep\take等连用），（工作）在进行中

eg. As the matter in hand was urgent, we dealt with it at once.
由于手中的问题紧迫，我们马上就把它解决了。
eg. Can you have the situation well in hand?
你能完全控制住这种形势吗？
eg. We should finish the work we have in hand before we begin something new.
开始新的工作之前，我们应完成我们正在进行的工作。

句式：

She looked everywhere for him but could not find him.

她四处寻找但没找着它。

长难句、语法：

Mrs. Ramsay was instructed to place the money in a cardboard box and to leave it outside her door.

在instruct… to do…中，动词不定式一般在句中作宾语补足语。但在本文中用于被动语态，由于宾语提前作了主语，动词不定式则成为了主语的补足语。

精妙翻译：

The writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs. Ramsay paid a ransom of ₤1,000.

写信人声称拉斯特斯安然无恙，只要拉姆齐太太愿意支付1000英镑的赎金，可以立即将猫送还。
中文翻译将一个长句拆成三个短句，并作了语序调整，符合中文阅读习惯。
in safe hands翻译成安然无恙，非常文雅。

DAY 75

L19-3：A very dear cat

知识点：

单词：

withdrew /英 wɪðˈdru: 美 wɪðˈdru, wɪθ-/ withdraw的过去式

withdraw /英 wɪðˈdrɔ: 美wɪðˈdrɔ, wɪθ-/ 第三人称单数： withdraws 现在分词： withdrawing 过去式： withdrew 过去分词： withdrawn

1.撤走;拿走

withdraw sth from sp

eg. He reached into his pocket and withdrew a sheet of notepaper.
他把手伸进口袋，掏出一张便签。

2.（使）撤退；（使）撤回；（使）撤离

eg. He stated that all foreign forces would withdraw as soon as the crisis ended.
他声明危机一结束，所有外国军队都将撤离。

3.提，取（款）

withdraw money from a bank account

eg. Open a savings account that does not charge ridiculous fees to withdraw money.
开一个取款时不会乱收费的储蓄账户。

4.退出，返回（至另一个房间）

withdraw to

eg. He and the others withdrew to their rented rooms.
他和其他人回到了他们租住的房间。

5.退出（活动或组织）

eg. The African National Congress threatened to withdraw from the talks.
非洲国民大会威胁要退出会谈。

6.vt.收回，撤回（所说的话或声明）

eg. He withdrew his remarks and explained what he had meant to say.
他收回所说的话，然后又解释他本来想说什么。

词组：

change her mind 改变主意；改变她的主意

follow sb.'s insructions/advice/directions/teachings 遵从某人的吩咐/建议/指导/教导

follow sb.'s example 以某人为榜样

follow the crowd 随大流

follow the pattern 循规蹈矩

follow the suit 学样

keep one’s word 信守诺言=fulfill one's word

break one's word不守信用

a man of his word守信用的人

eg. You can trust him, he's a man of his word. 你可以相信他，他是个守信用的人。

word做“诺言”，只用单数

eg. They failed to keep their word.他们未能遵守诺言。

长难句、语法：

At first she decided to go to the police, but fearing that she would never see Rastus again——the letter had made that quite clear —— she changed her mind.

1.动词decided后可使用动词不定式构成的宾语形式。在表达“决定不做”含义时，否定词应置于动词不定式之前。

eg. They decided not to tell him the truth.
他们决定不告诉他事实真相。

2.fearing that she would never see Rastus again现在分词短语在句中作原因状语，说明she chaned her mind的原因。

3.the letter had made that quite clear,插入语，应弱读，quite clear作插入语部分的宾语补足语。

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