# Week 35

## DAY171

### Lesson39-1:Nothing to worry about

The rough road across the plain soon became so bad that we tried to get Bruce to drive back to the village we had come from. Even though the road was littered with boulders and pitted with holes, Bruce was not in the least perturbed. Glancing at his map, he informed us that the next village was a mere twenty miles away. It was not that Bruce always underestimated difficulties.

#### 知识点：

**单词：**

**rough /rʌf /**

1.adj.(表面)粗糙不平的，不光滑的 (If a surface is rough, it is uneven and not smooth.)

eg. His hands were rough and calloused, from years of karate practice...

由于多年练习空手道，他的双手粗糙不平，布满老茧。

2.adj.(人或行为)粗暴的，粗野的，粗鲁的 (You say that people or their actions are rough when they use too much force and not enough care or gentleness.

eg. Rugby's a rough game at the best of times.

即使是在比赛最不激烈的时候，橄榄球也是一种粗野的运动。

3.adj.(地区、城市、学校等)危险的，充斥暴力的，犯罪率高的 (A rough area, city, school, or other place is unpleasant and dangerous because there is a lot of violence or crime there.)

eg. It was quite a rough part of our town.这是我们城里犯罪率很高的地区。

4.adj.(日子)艰难的，困难的，不愉快的 (If you say that someone has had a rough time, you mean that they have had some difficult or unpleasant experiences.)

eg. All women have a rough time in our society.

在我们的社会中，所有女性的日子都不好过。

5.adj.身体不适的;不舒服的 (If you feel rough, you feel ill.)

eg. The virus won't go away and the lad is still feeling a bit rough.病毒无法清除，这个小伙子仍然觉得有点不舒服。

6.adj.(计算、猜测)大概的，粗略的，不精确的 (A rough calculation or guess is approximately correct, but not exact.)

eg. We were only able to make a rough estimate of how much fuel would be required...

我们只能对所需燃料作一个粗略的估计。

7.adj.(想法、描述)粗略的，简略的，大致的;(图画)简笔的 (If you give someone a rough idea, description, or drawing of something, you indicate only the most important features, without much detail.)

eg. I've got a rough idea of what he looks like...

我已经大致知道他长什么样子了。

8.adj.做工粗糙的;不精致的;简陋的 (You can say that something is rough when it is not neat and well made.)

eg. ...a rough wooden table.做工粗糙的木桌子

9.adj.(天气)恶劣的，狂风暴雨的;(海面)波浪滔天的 (If the sea or the weather at sea is rough, the weather is windy or stormy and there are very big waves.)

eg. A fishing vessel and a cargo ship collided in rough seas.

一艘捕鱼船和一艘货船在波涛汹涌的海上相撞了。

10.V. 过（从前没有过的）艰苦的生活 (If you have to rough it, you have to live without the possessions and comforts that you normally have.)

eg. You won't be roughing it; each room comes equipped with a telephone and a 3-channel radio.

你不会过得太艰苦;每个房间都配备了一部电话和一台可以接收3个频道的收音机。

习语：rough it 暂时过艰苦的生活；渡过暂时的困难。

11.V.使粗糙；草拟；举止粗野。

rough out 画……的草图；草拟 ；

Rough up 殴打，施以暴力

13.N. （高尔夫球场上平坦球道旁的）深草障碍区；草图，草稿；暴徒，粗野的人；14.in rough 粗略地，大致上。

**boulder/ˈbəʊldə(r)/**

n.（受水或天气侵蚀而成的）巨石；漂砾

eg. The boulder sheltered them from the chilling wind. 那块大石头替他们挡住了寒风。

**litter/ˈlɪtə(r) /**

1.N. 废弃物；被胡乱扔掉的东西；垃圾

eg. If you see litter in the corridor, pick it up...

2.N.杂乱的一堆

eg. He pushed aside the litter of books and papers and laid two places at the table.他把桌子上凌乱堆放着的书本和报纸推开，摆了两套餐具。

3.V. 使凌乱 If a number of things litter a place, they are scattered untidily around it or over it.

eg. Glass from broken bottles litters the pavement.人行道上满是破碎瓶子的玻璃渣。

4.V.乱扔 eg. The floor was littered with papers.

5.使 包含，使遍布（一般指不好的东西）eg. Your essay is littered with spelling mistakes.

6.ADJ. 充满的.eg. History is littered with men and women spurred into achievement by a father's disregard...历史上因为被父亲漠视而发奋成功的儿女数不胜数。

7.N. 一窝（幼崽）eg. ...a litter of pups.一窝小狗

8.N. 猫沙

**pit/pɪt/**

1.N 煤矿；矿井 eg. It was a better community then when all the pits were working.

所有的煤矿都在开工的那个时候，这个社区的情况要更好一些。

2.N. （地面的）坑，洼；（地下的）穴，洞 eg. Eric lost his footing and began to slide into the pit.

埃里克一脚踩空，开始往坑里滑。

3.N. （挖出沙砾或黏土后留下的）坑，窑 eg. This area of former farmland was worked as a gravel pit until 1964.这块过去曾是农田的地1964年前一直被用作沙砾坑。

4.N.（赛车道旁的）检修加油站 eg. He moved quickly into the pits and climbed rapidly out of the car.他迅速进入检修加油站，飞快地爬出赛车。

5.N. 极糟糕的情况（多用复数）eg. Mary Ann asked him how dinner had been. 'The pits,' he replied.玛丽·安问他晚餐怎么样，他回答说：“糟透了。”

6.N. （水果或蔬菜的）核 eg. A pit is the stone of a fruit or vegetable.

7.PHRASE 胸口；心窝 eg. I had a funny feeling in the pit of my stomach.我心头有种怪怪的感觉。

8.V. 使相斗；使对立；使竞争 eg. You will be pitted against people who are every bit as good as you are...你将和与你势均力敌的对手展开竞争。

9.V.使得坑坑洼洼；eg. The surface of the moon is pitted with craters.

**perturb/pəˈtɜ:b/**

V. 使焦虑；使不安 eg. What perturbs me is that magazine articles are so much shorter nowadays.让我不安的是现在杂志文章都短多了。

**词组：**

**drive back驾车返回，驱车返回；迫使后退；逐退。**

**get sb to do；让（某人）（做）…；说服某人做某事**

eg. Because of what they did then, I get to do the work I love now. 正是因为他们当年的教育，我现在可以做自己喜爱的工作。

> make sb.do sth. 强迫（make后面跟不带to的动词不定式；而在被动句中不定式必须带to）

eg. You’ve got to make him listen.

**in the least 一点也不；完全不。eg. I don't think you need to worry in the least. 我看你一点也不用着急。**

**glancing at 朝…看了一眼;瞥了一眼**

> **辨析look, glance, gaze, stare, glimpse,glare**
>
> 均表示看的动作
>
> look 指看，瞧 eg. Here,have a look at this.
>
> glance 指匆匆一看，一瞥，扫视 eg. She stole a glance at her watch.
>
> gaze 指凝视，注视 eg. She felt embarrassed under his steady gaze.
>
> stare 指不友善或吃惊的盯、凝视、注视 eg.She gave the officer a blank stare and shrugged her shoulders.
>
> glimpse 指一瞥，一看 eg. He caught a glimpse of her in the crowd.
>
> glare指长久的怒视，瞪眼 eg. She fixed her questioner with a hostile glare.

**underestimated difficulties.低估困难**

**句式：**

**It was not that Bruce always underestimated difficulties.**

* not that……并不是说……，并非…… 。多用于口语，有时候作插入语，对所述情况进一步说明。

eg. If he said so—not that he ever did—he lied.

有时候用not that...but(that)...表示“不是……而是……”

**长难句、语法：**

**The rough road across the plain soon became so bad that we tried to get Bruce to drive back to the village we had come from.穿越平原的道路高低不平，开车走了不远，路面愈加崎岖。我们想劝说布鲁斯把车开回我们出发的那个村庄去。**

* so…that…引导结果状语从句，so bad说明原因是“路太崎岖”，that引出结果“劝他返回”。we had come from在句子中为定语从句。由于先行词 village 在从句中作介词from的宾语，因此在village与从句间省略了关系代词that/which.

**Even though the road was littered with boulders and pitted with holes, Bruce was not in the least perturbed.尽管路面布满石头，坑坑洼洼，但布鲁斯却一点儿不慌乱。**

* even though引导让步状语从句，往往先提出一个不利条件，而后经常会出现转机。

**Glancing at his map, he informed us that the next village was a mere twenty miles away.他瞥了一眼地图，告诉我们前面再走不到20英里就是一个村庄。**

* 现在分词短语glancing at his map作时间状语。That引导宾语从句，交代inform的内容。

**精妙翻译：**

**The rough road across the plain soon became so bad that we tried to get Bruce to drive back to the village we had come from.穿越平原的道路高低不平，开车走了不远，路面愈加崎岖。我们想劝说布鲁斯把车开回我们出发的那个村庄去。**

* across是介词，但是这里翻译的时候译为动词，即“穿越”。注意：英文中介词翻译的方法是英文中的介词可以译为中文里的方位副词和动词。eg. There is a book on the desk.桌上有本书。

## DAY172

### Lesson39-2:Nothing to worry about

He simply had no sense of danger at all. No matter what the conditions were, he believed that a car should be driven as fast as it could possibly go.As we bumped over the dusty track, we swerved to avoid large boulders.The wheels scooped up stones which hammered ominously under the car. We felt sure that sooner or later a stone would rip a hole in our petrol tank or damage the engine.

#### 知识点：

**单词：**

**swerve/swɜ:v**

1.V.(使)突然转向;(使)急转弯2.eg. Her car swerved off the road into a 6ft high brick wall

2.N.改变方向

**scoop/sku:p/**

1.V. (敏捷地)抱起，拿起，捡起,拽过来eg. She scooped the child up in her arms.

2.V. (用勺子等)舀，盛 eg. ...the sound of a spoon scooping dog food out of a can.用勺子从罐子里舀狗粮的声音

3.V.抢先报道eg. All the newspapers really want to do is scoop the opposition.所有报社真正想做的就是比对手抢先报道。

4.V. 获取，赢得，捧走(奖金或奖项) .eg. ..films which scooped awards around the world.在全世界赢得各种奖项的影片

5.N. 勺;勺状物eg. ...a small ice-cream scoop.一个吃冰激凌的小勺儿

6.N. 抢先报道的新闻;独家新闻 eg. ...one of the biggest scoops in the history of newspapers.报业史上最大的独家新闻之一

**hammer/ˈhæmə(r)/**

1.N-COUNT 锤子；榔头 eg. He used a hammer and chisel to chip away at the wall.他用榔头和凿子铲墙。2.3.N.（机械设备中的）锤状物；（枪上的）击铁；(钢琴的）音槌 ；（拍卖用的）木槌。eg. to come/go under the hammer(=to be sold at auction)被拍卖4.N-COUNT （田径运动中所掷的）链球 the hammer链球运动

eg. Events like the hammer and the discus are not traditional crowd-pullers in the West.掷链球和铁饼等在西方算不上传统的受欢迎项目。

习语：hammer and tongs 激励争吵（或打斗）

3.V. 用锤击;锤打 eg. To avoid damaging the tree, hammer a wooden peg into the hole...为了不毁坏树，用锤子将一个木栓钉进洞里。

4.V. （反复）敲打；连续击打；eg. We had to hammer and shout before they would open up...我们不停地拍门、叫喊，他们才开了门。

5.V. 强行灌输；反复强调eg. He hammered it into me that I had not suddenly become a rotten goalkeeper...

他反复告诉我，我并没有一下子变成个差劲的守门员。

6.V. 猛烈攻击;大力批评;严厉惩罚 eg. The report hammers the private motorist...该报告严词谴责了那个私家车司机。

7.V.（因税收政策变化、经济不景气等）使（企业）受到打击 eg. Look at the numbers of small businesses that are being hammered unmercifully...看看有多少小企业正在遭受无情的打击。

8.V. （在体育比赛中）使惨败，大败 eg. He hammered the young Austrian player in four straight sets.他直落4局轻取年轻的奥地利对手。

9.V. （通常指因恐惧而心脏）快速跳动 eg. My heart was hammering. The footsteps had stopped outside my door.我的心怦怦直跳。脚步声已停在我的门外。

10.短语：hammer sth. into sb. 反复灌输；

hammer away at sth.努力干，孜孜以求；

Hammer out sth. 反复讨论出（一致意见）；充分研讨出

> **辨析beat, batter, pound, pummel, lash,hammer**
>
> beat 反复敲打、使劲锤砸。eg. Someone was beating at the door.
>
> batter 连续猛击，尤指殴打致伤或造成破坏。eg. Severe winds have been battering the coast.
>
> pound 连续猛击，尤指发出砰砰的撞击声。eg. Heavy rain pounded on the roof.
>
> pummel 反复拳打、捶打，尤指用拳头连续打。eg. He pummelled the pillow with his fists.
>
> lash 猛击、狠打（主语常为rain、wind、sea或waves）（风、雨或水）猛抽，狠打，狂扫。eg. The worst winter storms of the century lashed the east coast of North America...
>
> hammer 大声地、猛烈地反复敲打、连续击打。与pound的区别是：pound有时指匀速而稳定地击打；hammer更猛烈，且常用于比喻。

**ominously/'ɒmɪnəslɪ**

ADJ.不祥的；恶兆的；不吉利的

**rip/rɪp/**

1.V.（使）撕开;（使）扯开;（使）撕裂;（使）划破 eg. I felt the banner rip as we were pushed in opposite directions...当我们被推向相反的方向时，我感觉横幅被撕裂了。

2.V. 撕去;扯掉;剥去 eg. He ripped away a wire that led to the alarm button...

他把连着报警按钮的电线扯掉了。

1. V.（迅猛地）穿入，穿透，冲过 eg. A volley of bullets ripped into the facing wall...一排子弹射进对面的墙上。

4.N. 裂口;裂缝;口子 eg. Looking at the rip in her new dress, she flew into a rage.看到新连衣裙上的口子，她勃然大怒。

5.习语：let rip

尽情地做；忘乎所以地做；用尽力气做

eg. Turn the guitars up full and let rip...把吉他的音量调到最大，尽情欢乐吧。

迅速地做；强有力地做；(车辆)全速前进，开足马力

eg. The ecological disaster is partly a product of letting everything rip in order to increase production.出现生态灾难的部分原因是人们为了增产而不惜一切代价。

7.动词短语8.rip at sth 猛烈撕扯；用力割

rip into sb (for/with sth)责备；斥责

rip into/through sb/sth （快速而猛烈地）钻入，穿透

rip off 敲诈，讹诈；偷窃，盗取

rip up 把某物撕碎

**bump/bʌmp/**

1.V.（无意地）碰撞，冲撞 eg. They stopped walking and he almost bumped into them...他们停下了脚步，结果他差点儿撞到他们身上。2.3.V.（尤指身体部位）碰上，撞上。eg. Be careful not to bump your head on the beam when you stand up.4.3.V. 颠簸而行eg.We left the road, and again bumped over the mountainside...我们驶离公路，再次在山腰上颠簸前行。

4.V. 把（某人）掉换到（另一群体或位置）；（从某群体）调出，开除（某人）

eg.The airline apologized and bumped us up to first class.

5.动词短语6.bump into sb 碰见；偶然遇见

bump off 谋杀，杀害

bump up 增加；提高

6.N. 碰撞；碰撞声 eg. I felt a little bump and I knew instantly what had happened...我感觉到一点儿轻微的碰撞，便立刻意识到发生了什么。

7.N. （碰撞造成的）肿块，鼓包 同义词：lump

eg. She fell against our coffee table and got a large bump on her forehead.她倒地时撞到我们的咖啡桌上，额头起了个大包。

8.N-COUNT （车辆的）轻微碰撞事故

9.N-COUNT （地面的）隆起，凸块 eg. The truck hit a bump and bounced.

卡车开过路面上的隆起处，颠了一下。

10.PHRASE 猛然回到现实中来 eg. Company bosses have come back down to earth with a bump after a period of post-election euphoria.

公司老板们在经历了一段选举过后的兴奋之后，重又回到现实中来。

> **辨析hit, knock, bang, strike, bump,bash**
>
> hit 碰撞，撞击，尤指造成损伤。eg. The boy was hit by a speeding car.
>
> knock 打掉，敲动，打破，撞成。eg. Someone had knocked a hole in the wall.
>
> bang 大声地猛敲，砸。eg. The baby was banging the table with his spoon.
>
> strike 猛烈地撞、碰、撞击、碰撞。eg.The ship struck a rock.
>
> bump 无意地碰、撞。eg.In the darkness I bumped into a chair.
>
> bash 猛击、猛撞。eg.I braked too late,bashing into the car in front.

**词组：**

**had no sense of 对……没有感觉**

**scoop up (敏捷地)抱起，拿起，捡起；铲起，卷起**

**feel sure 相信；确信eg. I feel sure you'll be offered the headship. 我坚信你会被邀请担任领导职务。**

**sooner or later 迟早；早晚有一天 eg. Sooner or later we will succeed.**

**句式：**

**as + adj.+as it could possibly +v. 尽可能……做……**

**长难句、语法：**

**No matter what the conditions were, he believed that a car should be driven as fast as it could possibly go.他认为不管路面情况如何，车必须以最高速度前进。**

No matter what...无论……不管……从属连词，引导让步状语从句，其后所跟随的应为名词；而no matter how后面应跟随形容词或副词。

**As we bumped over the dusty track, we swerved to avoid large boulders.我们在尘士飞扬的道路上颠簸，车子东拐西弯，以躲开那些大圆石。as在此不是引导原因状语从句，而是引导时间状语从句，可以解释为“一边…一边…”。to avoid large boulders为动词不定式短语，作目的状语。**

**精妙翻译：**

**He simply had no sense of danger at all.而是他压根儿没有一点儿危险感。**

* simply和at all起强调作用。

## DAY173

### Lesson 39-3: Nothing to worry about

Because of this, we kept looking back, wondering if we were leaving a trail of oil and petrol behind us. What a relief it was when the boulders suddenly disappeared, giving way to a stretch of plain where the only obstacles were clumps of bushes. But there was worse to come. Just ahead of us there was a huge fissure. In response to renewed pleadings, Bruce stopped.

#### 知识点：

**单词：**

**trail英 /treɪl/**

1. N.乡间小路;林间小道 A trail is a rough path across open country or through forests.eg. He was following a broad trail through the trees. 他沿着林间的一条阔路行进。
2. N. （特定）路线，路径 eg. ...a large area of woodland with hiking and walking trails. 间有远足与散步路线的一大片林地

a tourist trail 游览路线

blaze a trail 作开路先锋；领先

1. N. （一串）痕迹，足迹，踪迹eg. Everywhere in the house was a sticky trail of orange juice... 家里到处是泼洒的橙汁留下的黏糊糊的痕迹。
2. N.（竞选）巡游路线 eg. During a recent speech on the campaign trail, he was interrupted by hecklers. 在最近的一次竞选巡游演讲中，他被起哄者中途打断。
3. VERB 跟踪；追踪；追猎eg. Two detectives were trailing him... 两个侦探正在追踪他。
4. V-ERG （使）拖在后面；（使）下垂；（使）曳地eg. She came down the stairs slowly, trailing the coat behind her... 她慢慢走下楼梯，大衣在身后拖曳着。
5. VERB (常指跟着别人)拖沓行走，没精打采地走 eg. He trailed through the wet Manhattan streets... 他没精打采地走过曼哈顿湿漉漉的街道。
6. VERB （比分）落后；（比赛或其他竞赛中）落后、失利、失败 eg. He scored again, leaving Dartford trailing 3-0 at the break... 他又进球了，使得中场休息时达特福德队以 3: 0 落后。

9.（尤指植物）蔓生，蔓延

10.trail off/away 声音逐渐减弱到停止；逐渐消失

**relief/rɪˈli:f/**

1.N. 宽慰;安心；欣慰；解脱eg. I breathed a sigh of relief... 我如释重负地松了口气。

1. N.（疼痛或苦痛的）解除，免除，减轻，缓解 eg. This brought considerable relief from the pain. 这相当大地缓解了疼痛。
2. N. 救济;救援物资 eg. Relief agencies are stepping up efforts to provide food, shelter and agricultural equipment. 救济机构正加大力度提供食物、住所和农用器械。
3. N. 代班人;换班工人

eg. No relief drivers were available. 找不到代班司机。

1. N. 浮雕
2. **obstacle /ˈɒbstəkl/**

1.N. 障碍物 eg. Most competition cars will only roll over if they hit an obstacle... 大多数赛车只有在撞上障碍物时才会翻车。2.

1. N.- 障碍；困难；阻碍 eg. Overcrowding remains a large obstacle to improving conditions... 过分拥挤仍然是改善环境的一大障碍。

**clump/klʌmp**

1. N.（树木等的）丛，簇，群 eg. ...a clump of trees bordering a side road. 旁路边的树丛
2. N.（电线、头发等的）团，堆eg. I was combing my hair and it was just falling out in clumps. 我梳头的时候，头发一团一团地往下掉。
3. V. 拖着沉重的步子走 eg. They went clumping up the stairs... 他们拖着沉重的脚步走上楼。
4. V. 聚集成群;凝集成块 eg. Brown rice takes longer to cook but it doesn't clump together as easily as white rice. 糙米不容易熟，但不会像精米那样容易粘在一起。

**fissure /ˈfɪʃə(r)**

N.（尤指岩石或地面的）裂缝,裂隙

**renew /rɪˈnju:/**

1. V.重新开始；更新eg. He renewed his attack on government policy towards Europe... 他重新开始对政府的欧洲政策进行抨击。
2. V. 恢复，重新建立（关系）eg. When the two men met again after the war they renewed their friendship... 两个人在战争结束后再次见面时重归于好。
3. V. 延长（执照、合同等）的有效期;使续签eg. Larry's landlord threatened not to renew his lease... 拉里的房东威胁说不跟他续租。
4. V. 使（受到损毁或丢失后)重获新生 eg. Cells are being constantly renewed. 细胞不断再生。

pleading /ˈpli:dɪŋ/

1. ADJ. （表情或姿态）恳求的，请求的eg. ...his pleading eyes. 他恳求的目光
2. N. 恳求；请求；吁请eg. He simply ignored Sid's pleading. 他完全不理会锡德的恳求。

3.N.诉状，答辩状eg.special pleading （只提有利于自己的事实的）诡辩法

**词组：**

**wondering if 现在分词短语，在句中是做目的状语。“想知道……，想弄明白”**

**give way to 让步，断裂，让某人在先；听任自己流露**

**a stretch of... 一大片……翻译中需要根据其后的名词确定其量词的使用。eg. a beaytiful stretch of wooded country 一大片美丽的林地**

a diabolical stretch of weather一段时间的坏天气

有时根据其“延伸”、“扩展”之意，引申用于

eg. a stretch of authority 超越权限

a stretch of imagination 想入非非

A stretch of the law 滥用法律

**ahead of 在……前面；表示“领先”的地位；表示时间“早于”、“先于”。eg. Betty finished her test ahead of the others.**

**in response to 应……、响应……**

eg. In response to an invitation we attended the meeting.

**句式：**

**What a relief it was when the boulders suddenly disappeared, giving way to a stretch of plain where the only obstacles were clumps of bushes.**

* what a relief 令人轻松

eg. What a relief everything turned out fine! 一切都好，真叫人安慰。

**there is worse to come.更槽糕的是。**

**长难句、语法：**

**Because of this, we kept looking back, wondering if we were leaving a trail of oil and petrol behind us.**

wondering if… 是现在分词结构，作目的状语，修饰keep looking back。#####Just ahead of us there was a huge fissure.离我们不远处，出现一个大裂缝。just ahead of us充当地点状语。

**精妙翻译：**

**In response to renewed pleadings, Bruce stopped.我们再次央求布鲁斯小心，他这才把车停了下来。in response to renewed pleadings作原因状语，说明“由于…才停车”。**

## DAY174

### Lesson39-4:Nothing to worry about

Though we all got out to examine the fissure, he remained in the car.We informed him that the fissure extended for fifty yards and was two feet wideand four feet deep. Even this had no effect. Bruce engaged low gear and droveat a terrifying speed, keeping the front wheels astride the crack as hefollowed its zig-zag course. Before we had time to worry about what mighthappen, we were back on the plain again.

#### 知识点：

**单词：**

**gear/gɪə(r)/**

N.齿轮、排档eg. He told us when to indicate and when to change gear.他告诉我们何时打转向灯、何时换档。

**astride/əˈstraɪd/**

1.prep.跨越

eg. The city lay astride the river.城市横跨河的两岸。

**crack/kræk/**

1.V.破裂、（使）裂开、（使）断裂eg. A gas main had cracked under my neighbour's garage and gas had seeped into our homes.2.2.V-ERG （使)）发出爆裂声；（使）噼啪作响eg.Thunder cracked in the sky...

空中雷声咔嚓作响。

3.V. 重击；猛击 eg. He cracked his head on the pavement and was knocked cold.他一头撞到人行道上，不省人事了。

4.V. 打破；砸开；砸碎 eg.Crack the eggs into a bowl.把鸡蛋打在一个碗中。

5.V.（尤指经过反复思考）找到…的解决办法，破译（密码）eg. He has finally cracked the system after years of painstaking research.

经过多年的努力研究，他终于找到了破解这个系统的办法。

6.V.（因压力大而）失控，崩溃，瓦解eg. She's calm and strong, and she is just not going to crack...她镇定而且坚强，绝不会垮掉。

7.V.（因感情强烈而嗓音）变嘶哑，变沙哑 eg. Her voice cracked and she began to cry.她的声音变得沙哑，继而哭了起来。

8.V. 说（笑话）；开（玩笑） eg. He cracked jokes and talked about beer and

9.N-COUNT 缝隙；狭缝；窄缝 eg. Kathryn had seen him through a crack in the curtains.凯瑟琳透过窗帘缝看见了他。

10.N. 裂纹；裂缝 eg. The plate had a crack in it...盘子上有一道裂纹。

11.N.SOUND 爆裂声;噼啪声 eg. Suddenly there was a loud crack and glass flew into the car...突然发出一声巨大的爆裂声，玻璃碎片飞进了车里。

12.N. 尝试；试图 \~（at sth.）eg. I should love to have a crack at the Olympia title in my last year...我非常愿意在我职业生涯的最后一年向奥林匹亚大赛冠军头衔发起冲击。

13.N.（略显粗鲁或刻薄的）笑话，俏皮话 eg. When Paul made the crack about the 'famous girl detective', I began to suspect that he had it in for you.

当保罗挖苦你是“著名的女侦探”时，我开始怀疑他是不是故意刁难你。

14.（可听到响声的）重击；猛击。eg. She fell over and got a nasty crack on the head.

15.ADJ. (士兵或运动员)训练有素的，一流的 eg. ...a crack undercover police officer...训练有素的便衣警察

16.习语：

Get cracking 立即大干起来 eg. There’s a lot to be done，so let’s get cracking.

Sb. crack up to be不如别人说的那么好 eg. Package holidays are not always al they're cracked up to be.全包旅游并不总像人们说的那么好。

17.动词短语18.Crack down竭力取缔；严厉打击；镇压

Crack on （为尽快完成而）努力干；（急速）经过，穿过；快速继续下去。

Crack up （因压力造成身体或精神）垮掉，崩溃；开始大笑起来

**zigzag/ˈzɪgzæg/**

1.N.之字形;锯齿形线条eg.They staggered in a zigzag across the tarmac.他们深一脚浅一脚，跌跌撞撞地穿过停机坪。

2.V. 曲折前进;之字形行进eg.I zigzagged down a labyrinth of alleys...我在迷宫般的小巷中穿行。

3.（指线条、小径等）锯齿形的，之字形的， Z字形的

**词组：**

**charge at 向……冲去**

**句式：**

**Before we had time to ...**

* 注意，当用before表示“在......没有......之前”或“在未得及......之前”之意时，before只能用于肯定式中来表达否定含义，而不可将其用于否定句式之中

eg. She ran out of the room before they could stop her.他们还没来得及阻拦她，她已经跑出了屋子。

**extended for fifty yards and was two feet wide and four feet deep.长50码，宽2英尺，深4英尺。**

* extend for...yards and is...feet wide and ... feet deep.

**长难句、语法：**

**We informed him that the fissure extended for fifty yards and was two feet wide and four feet deep.我们告诉他那个大裂缝长50码，宽2英尺，深4英尺。**

* that引导宾语从句，是直接宾语，交代informed的内容，him是间接宾语。

**Even this had no effect.这也没有对他产生任何影响。**

* this指代上句所说的大裂缝的情况。

**Bruce went into a low gear and drove at a terrifying speed, keeping the front wheels astride the crack as he followed its zig-zag course.布鲁斯挂上慢档，把两只前轮分别搁在裂缝的两边，顺着弯弯曲曲的裂缝，以发疯的速度向前开去。**

* go into gear的意思是“挂档”。现在分词短语keeping…作伴随状语。As引导时间状语从句。

**Before we had time to worry about what might happen, we were back on the plain again.**

\*before引导时间状语从句，从句中还包含一个宾语从句what might happen,交代worry的内容。

**精妙翻译：**

**Bruce went into a low gear and drove at a terrifying speed, keeping the front wheels astride the crack as he followed its zig-zag course.**

* 布鲁斯挂上慢档，把两只前轮分别搁在裂缝的两边，顺着弯弯曲曲的裂缝，以发疯的速度向前开去。这里的terrifying是夸张的用法，以令人害怕的速度。

## DAY175

### Lesson39-5:Nothing to worry about

Bruce consulted the map once more and told us that the village was now only fifteen miles away. Our next obstacle was a shallow pool of water about half a mile across. Bruce charged at it, but in the middle, the car came to a grinding halt. A yellow light on the dash- board flashed angrily and Bruce cheerfully announced that there was no oil in the engine!

#### 知识点：

**单词：**

**consult/kənˈsʌlt/**

1.V. to get information or advice from a person, book, etc. with special knowledge on a particular subject（为获取资料﹑ 得到指点等）请教（别人）, 查阅（书）等eg . If the symptoms get worse, consult your doctor.

2.V. to discuss something with someone before you make a decision与某人商量（事情）; 与某人磋商eg . Why didn't you consult me about this?

> **辨析consult, ask, inquire**
>
> **consult**：（带有特定目的）.to get information or advice from a person；to discuss something with someone before you make a decision请教、商量、查阅
>
> **ask**：request information (about sb/sth) (from sb) 问; 询问
>
> **inquire**：to ask for information询问

**obstacle（BrE）/ ˈɔbstəkl/（NAmE）/ˋɑbstəkl/**

1.N. thing in the way that either stops progress or makes it difficult 障碍

eg . The biggest obstacle in our way was a tree trunk in the road.

**obstacle to**

eg . Fear of change is an obstacle to progress.

**shallow（BrE）/ˈʃæl.əʊ/（NAmE）/ˈʃæl.oʊ/**

1.ADJ. measuring only a short distance from the top to the bottom浅的 OPP→deep eg . The lake is quite shallow.

2.ADJ. not interested in or not showing any understanding of important or serious matters - used to show disapproval肤浅的，浅薄的eg . a shallow argument

**charge（BrE）/tʃɑːdʒ/ （NAmE） /tʃɑːrdʒ/**

1.V. to move forward quickly and violently, especially towards something which has caused difficulty or annoyance 冲，猛冲eg . The violence began when the police charged (at) a crowd of demonstrators.

2.V. claim that a person has done wrong, esp a formal claim that he has committed a crime; accusation 指责; 指控; （尤指）控告

eg . I resent the charges of incompetence made against me. 说我无能, 我感到很气愤.

3.N.\[C] price asked for goods or services （货物或服务所需的）费用

eg . His charges are very reasonable. 他要的价钱很公道.

eg . All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免费送货.

4.N.\[U] responsible possession; care; custody 掌管; 照管; 监护

eg . He assumed full charge of the firm in his father's absence. 他在父亲不在时全权掌管公司.

*idm 习语：*

* **bring a charge (of sth) against sb**formally accuse sb (of a crime, etc) 正式控告某人（某罪行等）.
* **a charge on sb/sth**person or thing that must be paid for as part of a particular area of expenditure 必须为某人或某事物支付的某项开支: They are a charge on the rates. 这是（徵收）房地产税的金额.
* **have charge of sth**have responsibility for sth 对某事物有责任.
* **in charge (of sb/sth)**&#x69;n a position of control or command (over sb/sth) 处於控制或支配（某人\[某事物]）的地位: Who's in charge here? 这儿谁负责? He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away. 经理不在时, 他负责这个商店.
* **in/under sb's charge**in the care of sb 在某人照看下: These patients are under the charge of Dr Wilson. 这些病人由威尔逊医生治疗.

**grind/graɪnd/**

1.V. to make something into small pieces or a powder by pressing between hard surfaces磨碎

eg . The elephant grinds its food with/between its powerful molars. 象用其强有力的臼齿嚼碎食物.

**halt（BrE）/ hɔːlt/（NAmE）/ hɔlt/**

1.N. temporary stop; interruption of progress 暂停; 停顿

eg . Work was brought/came to a halt when the machine broke down. 机器出了毛病, 工作便停顿下来.

eg . If traffic increases beyond a certain level, the city grinds to a halt (= stops completely).

2.N. (esp of soldiers) short stop on a march or journey （尤指军队）暂停行进, 途中休息.

3.n. place on a railway line where local trains stop, but where there are no station buildings （供慢车使用而无车站建筑物的）铁路小站.

**dash-board（BrE） /ˈdæʃ.bɔːd/ （NAmE）/ˈdæʃ.bɔːrd/**

1.the part of a car which contains some of the controls used for driving and the devices for measuring speed and distance.汽车的仪器板，仪表盘

**词组：**

**consult the map 看地图**

**in the middle 在……中间，在……当中eg.in the middle of an object or space**

**come to a grinding halt 嘎吱一声停住了**

**句式：**

**our next obstacle was...**

* 下一个障碍是……

**sb. cheerfully announced that...**

* 某人兴致勃勃地宣布

**长难句、语法：**

**Our next obstacle was a shallow pool of water about half a mile across.**

* 下一个障碍是一片约半英里宽的浅水塘。about half a mile across为介词短语，作后置定语，说明浅水塘的情况。

**Bruce charged at it, but in the middle, the car came to a grinding halt.**

* 布鲁斯向水塘冲去，但车开到水塘当中，嘎吱一声停住了。but in the middle作插入语。

**精妙翻译：**

**Bruce consulted the map once more and told us that the village was now only fifteen miles away.**

* 布鲁斯又看了一眼地图，告诉我们那座村庄离我们只有15英里了。（“又看了一眼”翻译出Bruce漫不经心的状态，consult在这里是“看”的意思）

\#####A yellow light on the dash- board flashed angrily and Bruce cheerfully announced that there was no oil in the engine!

* 仪表盘上一盏黄灯闪着刺眼的光芒，布鲁斯兴致勃勃地宣布发动机里没油了。用angrily修饰flash，是一种拟人的手法。这里angrily是形容灯的光芒，翻译成“刺眼”体现出它的程度，cheerfully在这里翻译成“兴致勃勃地”，运用四字词，显得有文采。而且angrily和cheerfully以对比的方式出现，增强表达效果。这是修辞格中的**对照法**用法。即将相反或相对的两个意思或两个词以对等的结构安排在句子中，形成对照，增强表达效果。eg.speech is silver,silence is golden。

**摘要写作：**

In the course of driving through the pool, suddenly our car stopped, because there was no oil in the engine. However, Bruce looked excitedly.
